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Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology Jun 2019Pigmentary demarcation lines (PDLs) are physiological abrupt transitions between hyperpigmented and lighter skin, a common and sometimes troubling feature of normal... (Review)
Review
Pigmentary demarcation lines (PDLs) are physiological abrupt transitions between hyperpigmented and lighter skin, a common and sometimes troubling feature of normal skin. They are seen in a majority of dark-complexioned women and a substantial percentage of light-complexioned ones too. We review this salient finding and approaches to its management.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Dermatologic Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Lasers; Low-Level Light Therapy; Male; Pigmentation Disorders; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Skin Pigmentation
PubMed: 30801957
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12884 -
Drugs & Aging Mar 2019Aging skin is subject to morphological change due to both intrinsic (skin tone, genetics, endogenous hormones) and extrinsic (chronic sun exposure, medications,... (Review)
Review
Aging skin is subject to morphological change due to both intrinsic (skin tone, genetics, endogenous hormones) and extrinsic (chronic sun exposure, medications, exogenous pigments) factors. The broad spectrum of transformation includes both hypo- and hyperpigmentation. Although cutaneous pigmentary disorders are common in younger individuals, certain disorders are more prevalent in the geriatric population. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical appearance, treatment, and prognosis of pigmentary lesions that are predominant in the elderly.
Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Hypopigmentation; Male; Middle Aged; Pigmentation Disorders
PubMed: 30637685
DOI: 10.1007/s40266-018-00633-w -
Journal of Glaucoma Mar 2018
Topics: Albinism, Oculocutaneous; Humans; Hypopigmentation; Intraocular Pressure; Latanoprost; Pigmentation Disorders
PubMed: 29334483
DOI: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000000878 -
Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen... Jan 2020Oral (OP) and nail (NP) pigmentations may occur simultaneously in physiological or pathological conditions, and may be a sign of underlying syndromic conditions that... (Review)
Review
Oral (OP) and nail (NP) pigmentations may occur simultaneously in physiological or pathological conditions, and may be a sign of underlying syndromic conditions that necessitate further investigation and treatment. Interestingly, the nail unit and oral cavity show a clinical parallelism that may help the clinician to conduct a correct examination and reach a prompt diagnosis. Both OP and NP can manifest clinically with focal or diffuse involvement and are due to external factors (exogenous pigmentation, drug-induced pigmentation) or endogenous factors (racial pigmentation, post-inflammatory pigmentation, nevi, genetic conditions and other disorders). The most concerning differential diagnosis is melanoma. Here we report the pathogenetic basis of OP and NP, together with the description of similar clinical features. To the best of our knowledge this is the first paper to summarize and describe the causes of pigmentation of both the oral cavity and the nail unit.
Topics: Addison Disease; Dermoscopy; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Nail Diseases; Nails; Nevus; Pigmentation Disorders
PubMed: 31951106
DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14023 -
BMJ Case Reports Aug 2021
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Nail Diseases; Nails, Malformed; Pigmentation Disorders
PubMed: 34404676
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-245878 -
The American Journal of Tropical... Sep 2021
Topics: Animals; Child, Preschool; Hand; Heteroptera; Humans; Male; Pigmentation Disorders
PubMed: 34583346
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0381 -
The British Journal of Dermatology Oct 2017Reticulate pigmentary disorders are a group of disorders characterized by hyper- and/or hypopigmented macules with varying sizes and amounts of pigment. Some of the... (Review)
Review
Reticulate pigmentary disorders are a group of disorders characterized by hyper- and/or hypopigmented macules with varying sizes and amounts of pigment. Some of the disorders are heritable, such as Dowling-Degos disease, dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria, dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria, reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura and X-linked reticulate pigmentary disorder. Although each condition possesses unique phenotypic characteristics and the prognosis for each is somewhat different, there is a large degree of overlap between the disorders and therefore they are difficult to differentiate in the clinical setting. This updated review provides a clinical and molecular delineation of these genetic reticulate pigmentary disorders and aims to establish a concise diagnostic strategy to allow clinical dermatologists to make an accurate diagnosis, as well as to provide useful information for clinical and genetic counselling.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Dyskeratosis Congenita; Early Diagnosis; Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Mutation; Phenotype; Pigmentation Disorders; Skin Diseases, Genetic; Skin Diseases, Papulosquamous; Tumor Suppressor Proteins
PubMed: 28407215
DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15575 -
Nursing Children and Young People May 2017Children with Ito syndrome have the common feature of unusual pigmentation in a characteristic swirling pattern located around the trunk, and as line-like patterns down...
Children with Ito syndrome have the common feature of unusual pigmentation in a characteristic swirling pattern located around the trunk, and as line-like patterns down the legs and arms.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Nervous System Diseases; Pigmentation Disorders
PubMed: 28485224
DOI: 10.7748/ncyp.29.4.21.s21 -
British Dental Journal Dec 2020
Topics: Humans; Pigmentation; Pigmentation Disorders
PubMed: 33339913
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-2520-8 -
Journal Francais D'ophtalmologie Mar 2020Placoid pigment epitheliopathy and serpiginous choroiditis are among the white dot retinal syndromes and possess similarities that can cause confusion between these two... (Review)
Review
Placoid pigment epitheliopathy and serpiginous choroiditis are among the white dot retinal syndromes and possess similarities that can cause confusion between these two diseases. However, they are very different in terms of their progression and prognosis, which requires a diagnosis of certainty in order to better manage the patients with the diseases and identify potentially serious progressive complications. The clinical presentation, results of testing, differential diagnoses and treatment of these two pathologies are discussed in this article.
Topics: Choroiditis; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Progression; Humans; Pigment Epithelium of Eye; Pigmentation Disorders; Prognosis; Retinal Diseases; White Dot Syndromes
PubMed: 32007311
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2019.04.022