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The Science of the Total Environment May 2023Magnetic nanoparticles, particularly ZnFeO are of enormous significance in biomedical and water treatment fields. However, chemical synthesis of ZnFeO nanoparticles... (Review)
Review
Magnetic nanoparticles, particularly ZnFeO are of enormous significance in biomedical and water treatment fields. However, chemical synthesis of ZnFeO nanoparticles endures some major limitations, e.g., the use of toxic substances, unsafe procedure, and cost-ineffectiveness. Biological methods are more preferable approaches since they take advantages of biomolecules available in plant extract serving as reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents. Herein, we review plant-mediated synthesis and properties of ZnFeO nanoparticles for multiple applications in catalytic and adsorption performance, biomedical, catalyst, and others. Effect of several factors such as Zn/Fe/extract ratio, and calcination temperature on morphology, surface chemistry, particle size, magnetism and bandgap energy of obtained ZnFeO nanoparticles was discussed. The photocatalytic activity and adsorption for removal of toxic dyes, antibiotics, and pesticides were also evaluated. Main results of antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activities for biomedical applications were summarized and compared. Several limitations and prospects of green ZnFeO as an alternative to traditional luminescent powders have been proposed.
Topics: Plant Extracts; Nanoparticles; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Metal Nanoparticles; Green Chemistry Technology
PubMed: 36796693
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162212 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2021The synergistic potential of plant essential oils (EOs) with other conventional and non-conventional antimicrobial agents is a promising strategy for increasing... (Review)
Review
The synergistic potential of plant essential oils (EOs) with other conventional and non-conventional antimicrobial agents is a promising strategy for increasing antimicrobial efficacy and controlling foodborne pathogens. Spoilage microorganisms are one of main concerns of seafood products, while the prevention of seafood spoilage principally requires exclusion or inactivation of microbial activity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent studies on the synergistic antimicrobial effect of EOs combined with other available chemicals (such as antibiotics, organic acids, and plant extracts) or physical methods (such as high hydrostatic pressure, irradiation, and vacuum-packaging) utilized to reduce the growth of foodborne pathogens and/or to extend the shelf-life of seafood products. This review highlights the synergistic ability of EOs when used as a seafood preservative, discovering the possible routes of the combined techniques for the development of a novel seafood preservation strategy.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Food Microbiology; Food Preservation; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Structure; Oils, Volatile; Plant Extracts; Plants
PubMed: 33435286
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020307 -
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology Oct 2023Selenium in the form of selenoproteins is formed through a unique translocation recoding pathway and plays a vital role in human metabolism. Selenium nanoparticles...
Selenium in the form of selenoproteins is formed through a unique translocation recoding pathway and plays a vital role in human metabolism. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) when synthesized using green synthesis from plant extract offer more advantages than physical and chemical methods. Previous studies have synthesized selenium nanoparticles from green tea and white tea; here, we report the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles from Camillia sinensis (L) Kuntze leaves (black tea) by green synthesis. Moreover, we have tested the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the plant extract, SeNPs, and combination of plant extract and SeNPs which have not been previously studied. The antimicrobial efficacy of SeNPs was tested against Klebsiella pneumonia, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus. They showed inhibitory effects against these organisms individually and in combination with Camellia sinensis leaf extract. The antioxidant properties of SeNPs were checked using FRAP and DPPH assays, where high radical scavenging activity was exhibited by SeNPs and in combination with the plant extract. Furthermore, synthesized SeNPs were examined for cytotoxicity tolerance against Vero cells and their IC values determine that plant-mediated SeNPs showed high cytotoxicity at minimal concentrations. If explored further, the reducing, capping, and stabilizing capabilities of SeNPs may demonstrate other inhibitory effects and could be explored for understanding the role of selenium in cellular metabolism.
Topics: Animals; Chlorocebus aethiops; Humans; Selenium; Camellia sinensis; Vero Cells; Antioxidants; Nanoparticles; Plant Extracts; Anti-Infective Agents
PubMed: 36708493
DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04348-6 -
Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical... May 2020This study aimed to evaluate and compare the antihepatotoxicity effect of Fagonia indica extract and its solid dispersion formulation (SD) against paracetamol-induced...
This study aimed to evaluate and compare the antihepatotoxicity effect of Fagonia indica extract and its solid dispersion formulation (SD) against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Dried Ethanolic plant extract was prepared by cold maceration in ethanol followed by solvent evaporation under reduced pressure. Quality control of crude extract was performed and the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined. Solid dispersion (SD) formulations were prepared by solvent evaporation technique and optimized with respect to drug solubility. Antihepatotoxicity activities of Fagonia indica extract and optimized solid dispersion were performed against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Quality control parameters like total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, crude fiber content and moisture content were within the acceptable limits. Total flavonoid and phenolic contents were found to be 31.289mg quercetin equivalents/g and 40.28mg gallic acid equivalent/g respectively. TLC Investigation of the plant extract revealed the presence of gallic acid, kaempferol and quarcetin. Optimized SD formulation with 200 mg of the dried extract, 350mg of PEG 4000 and 50mg of Tween 20 showed almost four-fold increasing in the solubility of the extract in water. The average hydrodynamic diameter of extract particles was reduced from 1972 nm to 437.6nm when prepared as SD. SD formulation showed highest antihepatotoxicity activity compared with plain plant extract at the same concentration. Optimized SD formulation at 500mg dose showed complete recovery from hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol in rats. Therefore, SD is found to be one of the promising strategy to enhance the antihepatoxicity activity of Fagonia indica plant.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Animals; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Disease Models, Animal; Dosage Forms; Drug Compounding; Liver; Male; Plant Extracts; Protective Agents; Rats; Solubility; Zygophyllaceae
PubMed: 33191226
DOI: No ID Found -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... 2020With the increase in evidences directly linking diet and health, several foodstuffs, such as phenolic rich fruits and vegetables, have emerged as possessing potential... (Review)
Review
With the increase in evidences directly linking diet and health, several foodstuffs, such as phenolic rich fruits and vegetables, have emerged as possessing potential health benefits. Plants, given their fiber and phenolic content (and their intrinsic biological potential), have long been considered as contributing to health promotion. Therefore, the present work aimed to review the existing evidences regarding the various potential benefits of plant extracts' and plant extract-based products' consumption, with emphasis on works and epidemiological studies whenever available. Overall, the information available supports that, while there are indications of the potential benefits of plant extracts' consumption, further human-based studies are still needed to establish a true cause-effect.
Topics: Diet, Healthy; Fruit; Health; Humans; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Vegetables
PubMed: 30501504
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1540969 -
Current Hypertension Reviews 2023Hypertension is a cardiovascular disorder that is an incurable clinical condition. It requires lifelong therapy for its management along with long terms application of... (Review)
Review
Review on Pharmacognostic, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Characteristics of Medicinal Plants which can be used to Design a Novel Ayurvedic Formulation to Treat Hypertension in Multidimensional Approaches.
BACKGROUND
Hypertension is a cardiovascular disorder that is an incurable clinical condition. It requires lifelong therapy for its management along with long terms application of synthetic drugs associated with severe toxicity in multiple organs. However, the therapeutic application of herbal medicines to treat hypertension has gained considerable attention. The limitations and hurdles associated with conventional plant extract medications are their safety, efficacy, dose, and unknown biological activity.
OBJECTIVE
In the modern era, the active phytoconstituent-based formulation has come into trend. Various extraction techniques have been reported to extract and isolate active phytoconstituents. Pharmacognostic, physiochemical, phytochemical, and quantitative analytical methods were developed for their qualitative and quantitative analysis. The passage of time and changes in lifestyle also modulate the variable cause of hypertension. Single-drug-based approach therapy cannot efficiently control the cause of hypertension. Designing a potent herbal formulation with different active constituents and modes of action against hypertension is necessary to effectively manage hypertension.
METHODS
This review comprises a selection of three different plants, , and exhibiting antihypertension activity.
RESULTS
The objective behind selecting individual plants is their active constituents which have different mechanisms of action for the treatment of hypertension. This review comprises the various extraction methods of the active phytoconstituents and pharmacognostic, physiochemical, phytochemical, and quantitative analysis parameters, respectively. It also lists active phytoconstituents present in plants and the different pharmacological modes of action. Selected plant extracts have different antihypertensive mechanisms. Extract of consisting of Liriodendron & Syringaresnol mono β-D-Glucosidase exhibit Ca channel antagonistic activity; where Reserpine is a phytoconstituent of , which depletes catecholamine, Ajmalin shows an antiarrhythmic effect by blocking the sodium channel and the aqueous extract of E. ganitrus seeds reduces mean arterial blood pressure by inhibiting the ACE enzyme.
CONCLUSION
It has been revealed that poly-herbal formulation of respective phytoconstituent can be used as potent antihypertensive medicine to treat hypertension effectively.
Topics: Humans; Plants, Medicinal; Antihypertensive Agents; Plant Extracts; Hypertension; Phytochemicals
PubMed: 36809945
DOI: 10.2174/1573402119666230221084859 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology Feb 2016Medicinal plants are known to contain numerous biologically active compounds, and although they have proven pharmacological properties, they can cause harm, including... (Review)
Review
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Medicinal plants are known to contain numerous biologically active compounds, and although they have proven pharmacological properties, they can cause harm, including DNA damage.
AIM OF THE STUDY
Review the literature to evaluate the genotoxicity risk of medicinal plants, explore the genotoxicity assays most used and compare these to the current legal requirements.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A quantitative systematic review of the literature, using the keywords "medicinal plants", "genotoxicity" and "mutagenicity", was undertakenQ to identify the types of assays most used to assess genotoxicity, and to evaluate the genotoxicity potential of medicinal plant extracts.
RESULTS
The database searches retrieved 2289 records, 458 of which met the inclusion criteria. Evaluation of the selected articles showed a total of 24 different assays used for an assessment of medicinal plant extract genotoxicity. More than a quarter of those studies (28.4%) reported positive results for genotoxicity.
CONCLUSIONS
This review demonstrates that a range of genotoxicity assay methods are used to evaluate the genotoxicity potential of medicinal plant extracts. The most used methods are those recommended by regulatory agencies. However, based on the current findings, in order to conduct a thorough study concerning the possible genotoxic effects of a medicinal plant, we indicate that it is important always to include bacterial and mammalian tests, with at least one in vivo assay. Also, these tests should be capable of detecting outcomes that include mutation induction, clastogenic and aneugenic effects, and structural chromosome abnormalities. In addition, the considerable rate of positive results detected in this analysis further supports the relevance of assessing the genotoxicity potential of medicinal plants.
Topics: Animals; Biological Assay; DNA Damage; Humans; Mutagenicity Tests; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal
PubMed: 26680588
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.10.026 -
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents... 2022The study targeted to evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity of Salvia hispanica.
AIMS
The study targeted to evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity of Salvia hispanica.
BACKGROUND
Salvia hispanica L. (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant with many beneficial properties on human health.
OBJECTIVE
This objective of the study was to investigate the antihyperglycemic effect of the aqueous extract of Salvia hispanica (S. hispanica) seeds and its capacity to improve lipid profile in normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The seed aqueous extract of S. hispanica (SHSAE) at a dose of 100 mg/kg was administered orally in normal and diabetic rats. The effect of oral SHSAE treatment on blood glucose and lipid levels during 15 days was assessed in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out. The antioxidant activity of SHSAE was also examined.
RESULTS
The decrease of glycemia in rats following the administration of the plant extract suggested that the studied extract possesses antidiabetic effect. The extract of S. hispanica produced hypolipidemic effect with a significant lowering effect on plasma total cholesterol levels and increased on HDL-cholesterol levels. SHSAE was also able to enhance glucose tolerance using OGTT. Moreover, SHSAE possesses a potential antioxidant effect in vitro.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, this study demonstrates the antihyperglycemic and antilipidemic effects of SHSAE in rats.
Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Hypoglycemic Agents; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Salvia hispanica; Streptozocin
PubMed: 33438569
DOI: 10.2174/1871525719666210112154340 -
Pharmaceutical Biology Aug 2014Otostegia persica (Burm.) Boiss. (Lamiaceae), "Goldar" in Persian, is widely used in the folk medicine of south Iran for control of diabetes mellitus.
CONTEXT
Otostegia persica (Burm.) Boiss. (Lamiaceae), "Goldar" in Persian, is widely used in the folk medicine of south Iran for control of diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE
In the present study, hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of different fractions of the O. persica extract were investigated and constituents of effective fractions were elucidated.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
Different concentrations (100-400 mg/kg) of aqueous infusion (AI) of flowering aerial parts of the plant (traditional preparation) and all fractions of the O. persica extract (i.p. injection) were tested for antidiabetic activity in streptozocin-induced diabetic NMRI mice. Blood glucose level was measured at time 0 and intervals of 1, 2, 4, and 6 h later. Antioxidant activities of different fractions of the plant extract and pure compounds (0.1, 0.5, and 1 mg/ml) were determined with the DPPH method. Four compounds were isolated and identified from potent fractions.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Antidiabetic activity demonstrated that the effect of the methanol fraction at a dose of 300 mg/kg was equivalent with glibenclamide, and at a dose of 400 mg/kg was comparable with glibenclamide and insulin (p > 0.05). The EC50 of the methanol fraction was 307.12 mg. Methanol and ethyl acetate fractions showed antioxidant activities (both IC50 equal to 0.49 mg/ml), so these fractions were selected for the purification of compounds. Chrysoeriol from ethyl acetate and three apigenin derivatives (6-methylapigenin, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, and echinaticin) from the methanol fraction were isolated and identified (new for the species). Chrysoeriol exhibited potent antioxidant activity comparable with vitamin E and BHT (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The present study confirmed the folklore usage of O. persica for antidiabetic properties.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Hypoglycemic Agents; Lamiaceae; Male; Mice; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 24555486
DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.874463 -
The Science of the Total Environment Jun 2022Green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts minimizes the usage of toxic chemicals or energy. Here, we concentrate on the green synthesis of nanoparticles... (Review)
Review
Green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts minimizes the usage of toxic chemicals or energy. Here, we concentrate on the green synthesis of nanoparticles using natural compounds from plant extracts and their applications in catalysis, water treatment and agriculture. Polyphenols, flavonoid, rutin, quercetin, myricetin, kaempferol, coumarin, and gallic acid in the plant extracts engage in the reduction and stabilization of green nanoparticles. Ten types of nanoparticles involving Ag, Au, Cu, Pt, CuO, ZnO, MgO, TiO, FeO, and ZrO with emphasis on their formation mechanism are illuminated. We find that green nanoparticles serve as excellent, and recyclable catalysts for reduction of nitrophenols and synthesis of organic compounds with high yields of 83-100% and at least 5 recycles. Many emerging pollutants such as synthetic dyes, antibiotics, heavy metal and oils are effectively mitigated (90-100%) using green nanoparticles. In agriculture, green nanoparticles efficiently immobilize toxic compounds in soil. They are also sufficient nanopesticides to kill harmful larvae, and nanoinsecticides against dangerous vectors of pathogens. As potential nanofertilizers and nanoagrochemicals, green nanoparticles will open a revolution in green agriculture for sustainable development.
Topics: Agriculture; Catalysis; Green Chemistry Technology; Metal Nanoparticles; Plant Extracts; Water Purification
PubMed: 35231528
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154160