-
Cardiology in the Young Feb 2022Platelet indices are used to evaluate platelet activation and function which change in inflammatory diseases. We hypothesise that platelet indices such as plateletcrit,...
BACKGROUND
Platelet indices are used to evaluate platelet activation and function which change in inflammatory diseases. We hypothesise that platelet indices such as plateletcrit, mean platelet volume, and platelet distribution width may be more useful as prognostic indicators for myopericarditis in children.
METHODS
A total of 60 children were included in this study. Group 1 consists of children with myopericarditis, Group 2 is those with respiratory infections, and Group 3 consists of control group children of similar age and gender with the patient groups. Complete blood count parameters, C-reactive protein, and troponin values of the whole study group were recorded. Myopericarditis was diagnosed based on acute chest pain, dyspnea, palpitations, heart failure signs, arrhythmia symptoms and ST/T wave change, low voltage, supraventricular tachycardia/ventricular tachycardia on ECG, or elevated troponin T/troponin I levels or functional abnormalities on echocardiography. A comparison of the platelet indices made during diagnosis and 2 weeks after treatment was done for the myopericarditis patients.
RESULTS
There was no statistically significant difference in platelet indicies values. However, the increase in platelets and plateletcrit values after the treatment of myopericarditis was statistically significant. This study pointed out that there was a negative correlation between platelet-plateletcrit values and the troponin I-C-reactive protein.
CONCLUSION
We found that platelet count and plateletcrit values increased after treatment. This is important as it is the first study in children to investigate the possible role of platelet indications for myopericarditis in children.
Topics: Blood Platelets; Child; Humans; Mean Platelet Volume; Myocarditis; Platelet Count; Prognosis
PubMed: 33966672
DOI: 10.1017/S1047951121001773 -
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology :... Jul 2022We aimed to determine predictive values of the platelet count (PC), Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in preeclampsia independently...
We aimed to determine predictive values of the platelet count (PC), Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in preeclampsia independently and in combination. One hundred and eighty pregnant women (96 normal pregnancies, 84 preeclampsia) were included in this study. ROC evaluated the predictive value of PC, NLR, and PLR. AUC, Youden's index, and optimal cut-off thresholds were calculated independently and in combination. The PC significantly decreased in preeclampsia ( < .0001, 95% CI -60.6437 to -24.5963) with cut-off level ≤250.3, whereas NLR was significantly increased in preeclampsia (5.28 ± 4.77, = .0001, 95% CI 0.9813-2.9187) with cut-off level >4.47. In preeclampsia, PLR significantly decreased (94.32 ± 30.81, = .0001, 95% CI 58.2583 to -29.6817) with cut-off level ≤100.48. Combined indices of PC, NLR, and PLR were significantly more predictive of preeclampsia when compared to independent indices (AUC 0.86, < .001, 95% CI 0.801-0.907, sensitivity 75.0, and specificity 81.2) compared to independent indices.IMPACT STATEMENT Many studies have tried to find out a simple screening test that would predict the risk of developing preeclampsia. Platelet count, Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, and platelet lymphocyte ratio have been investigated independently to predict preeclampsia. These parameters are simple, cheap, and are usually available for all patients. Unfortunately, there are no universal cut-off levels accepted. The use of a combination of platelet count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet lymphocyte ratio is a simple and effective test to predict preeclampsia. The use of a scoring system involving cut-off levels of platelet count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet lymphocyte ratio is a highly predictive index for developing preeclampsia. In this study, we aimed to highlight the importance of using a combination of platelet count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet lymphocyte ratio as a scoring index instead of using these parameters independently. More studies are needed to reach a universal cut-off level for each parameter.
Topics: Blood Platelets; Female; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Lymphocyte Count; Lymphocytes; Neutrophils; Platelet Count; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 34927550
DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2021.1986476 -
Transactions of the Royal Society of... Sep 2022Thrombocytopenia is a marker of severity in dengue, and its resolution predicts clinical improvement. The objective was to evaluate mean platelet volume (MPV)... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Thrombocytopenia is a marker of severity in dengue, and its resolution predicts clinical improvement. The objective was to evaluate mean platelet volume (MPV) trajectories as a predictor of platelet count (PC) recovery in dengue patients.
METHODS
An observational, longitudinal and analytical study was conducted at Fundación Valle del Lili (Cali, Colombia). Patients diagnosed with dengue during 2016-2020 were included. The association between PC and the covariates was evaluated using simple linear, quadratic and non-parametric spline smoothing regression models. A longitudinal linear mixed model was adjusted and then validated for PC measurements.
RESULTS
A total of 71 patients were included. The median age was 27 y, 38.5% were women and half had dengue with warning signs. A statistically significant PC decrease was observed when MPV was 13.87 fL and 4.46 d from the onset of symptoms, while PC displayed a significant constant increase with neutrophils count. Then, PC recovery was achieved with an MPV of 13.58 fL, 4.5 d from the onset of symptoms and a minimum neutrophils count of 150 μL.
CONCLUSION
MPV may be a predictor of PC recovery in dengue patients. PC recovery is expected when a patient has an MPV of 13.58 fL, an onset time of 4.5 d and a neutrophils count of 150 μL.
Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Dengue; Female; Humans; Male; Mean Platelet Volume; Platelet Count; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 35220437
DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trac008 -
Platelets Jul 2021Platelet function in neonates is sparsely investigated. The majority of previous studies investigated platelets in umbilical cord (UC) blood rather than in peripheral...
Platelet function in neonates is sparsely investigated. The majority of previous studies investigated platelets in umbilical cord (UC) blood rather than in peripheral blood.We included 20 term neonates and sampled UC blood and peripheral blood within 20 min and 24 h after birth. Platelet count and mean platelet volume (MPV) were measured. Platelet surface glycoproteins (GP) and platelet activation (bound fibrinogen, CD63 and -selectin) after agonist stimulation were examined by flow cytometry. Platelet aggregation was evaluated by impedance aggregometry. The significance level was set after Bonferroni correction.Platelet count and MPV did not differ between UC and peripheral blood (-values >0.08). Expression of platelet surface GP was similar in UC and peripheral blood (all -values >0.02). Platelet activation was lower in UC blood than in peripheral blood for bound fibrinogen (four out of eight -values <0.001) but did not differ for CD63 (all -values >0.01) or -selectin (all -values >0.01). Platelet aggregation was significantly higher in UC than in peripheral blood (-values <0.001).In conclusion, platelet count, MPV and expression of platelet surface GP measured in term neonatal UC blood represented that of peripheral blood. Platelet activation and aggregation in UC blood did not reflect that of peripheral blood.
Topics: Blood Platelets; Cohort Studies; Female; Fetal Blood; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Platelet Count; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 32631163
DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1786040 -
Platelets Jan 2021The spleen, in addition to its role in immunity, plays key roles in erythrocyte maintenance and platelet sequestration. Loss of the spleen via splenectomy occurs in... (Review)
Review
The spleen, in addition to its role in immunity, plays key roles in erythrocyte maintenance and platelet sequestration. Loss of the spleen via splenectomy occurs in approximately 6.4 to 7.1 per 100 000 people per year globally, commonly as a life-saving emergency procedure in trauma and a therapeutic procedure in hematological and hematological malignant conditions. It is associated with increased risk of life-threatening infection and thromboembolism, presumably via loss of splenic function, but the underlying mechanisms behind post-splenectomy thromboembolism are unclear. The splenectomized individual has a two-fold risk of thromboembolism as compared to non-splenectomized individuals and the risk of thromboembolism is elevated both post-operatively and in the longer term. Although those splenectomized for hematological conditions or hematological malignant conditions are at highest risk for thromboembolism, an increase in thromboembolic outcomes is also observed amongst individuals splenectomized for trauma, suggesting underlying disease state is only a partial factor. Although the physiological role of the splenic platelet pool on platelets is unclear, platelet changes after splenectomy suggest that the spleen may play a role in maintaining platelet quality and function. In hypersplenic conditions, sequestration can increase to sequester up to 72% of the total platelet mass. Following splenectomy, a thrombocytosis is commonly seen secondary to the loss of the ability to sequester platelets. Abnormal platelet quality and function have been observed as a consequence of splenectomy. These platelet defects seen after splenectomy may likely contribute to the increase in post-splenectomy thromboembolism. Here we draw upon the literature to characterize the post-splenectomy platelet and its potential role in post-splenectomy thromboembolism.
Topics: Blood Platelets; Female; Humans; Male; Phenotype; Platelet Count; Spleen; Splenectomy
PubMed: 32106750
DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1732322 -
Clinics in Laboratory Medicine Mar 2015Many modern automated cell counters in high-volume clinical hematology laboratories use new, improved technologies for routine platelet analysis. The latest progress... (Review)
Review
Many modern automated cell counters in high-volume clinical hematology laboratories use new, improved technologies for routine platelet analysis. The latest progress includes the use of state-of-the art information technology, specific fluorescent dyes, and monoclonal antibodies to obtain more reliable platelet counts. This information allows the accurate and precise enumeration of platelets even in thrombocytopenic patients and the reporting of novel platelet parameters. In the near future, digital image analysis may permit even better platelet analysis.
Topics: Automation; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Platelet Count
PubMed: 25676376
DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2014.11.002 -
Platelets 2020Avian influenza A (H7N9) is a serve zoonosis with a high mortality rate. Timely and effective diagnosis and early warning is crucial for the clinical treatment of H7N9...
Avian influenza A (H7N9) is a serve zoonosis with a high mortality rate. Timely and effective diagnosis and early warning is crucial for the clinical treatment of H7N9 patients. The previous studies indicated that thrombocytopenia was associated with the prognosis of influenza cases, but the related evidence of platelet change within the course of the disease remains largely insufficient. A total of 130 laboratory-confirmed H7N9 cases and their corresponding medical records from August 2013 to March 2015 were collected from 23 hospitals of 13 cities in Guangdong, China. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the outcome of H7N9 cases and their average platelet count (PC) including maximum, minimum, range, admission and discharge/death of the PC value. Furthermore, we built a classification and regression tree (CART) model to predict the fatality rate which varied with average PC. There was a 7% chance for a mortality from H7N9 if PC was over 207.0 × 10^9/L, while there was a 46.3% chance of a mortality from H7N9 when PC was between 123.9 × 10^9/L and 207.0 × 10^9/L, and 81.3% chance of a mortality from H7N9 when PC was less than 123.9 × 10^9/L. This study demonstrates that using platelet count to predict the fatality of H7N9 is significant, and lower platelet counts of H7N9 patients were associated with higher risk of mortality of H7N9 patients, which may need to be taken into consideration when planning clinical treatment.
Topics: China; Female; Humans; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype; Influenza, Human; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet Count; Retrospective Studies; Survival Analysis
PubMed: 31509040
DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2019.1665639 -
Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences... Jan 2022Platelets are associated with the processes that aid in tumour growth and progression. Platelet Count (PLT) and platelet indices like Mean Platelet Volume (MPV),... (Review)
Review
Platelets are associated with the processes that aid in tumour growth and progression. Platelet Count (PLT) and platelet indices like Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Large Cell Ratio (P-LCR), Plateletcrit (PCT) and Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) are markers that are linked with platelet activities in cancer. This review involves the evaluation of PLT, MPV and PCT in different cancers. Platelets actions should be always monitored during several diseases, as their potential exceeds the classical function in preventing bleeding. Vast roles of platelets were discovered in several biological functions. Therefore, studying their indices can be effective in the diagnosis of several disorders including cancer.
Topics: Blood Platelets; Humans; Mean Platelet Volume; Neoplasms; Platelet Count; Prognosis
PubMed: 35233997
DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.100.105 -
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Jan 2022Carcinoma-associated thrombocytosis involves tumor production of mediators such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and thrombopoietin (TPO) that increase thrombopoiesis and may...
BACKGROUND
Carcinoma-associated thrombocytosis involves tumor production of mediators such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and thrombopoietin (TPO) that increase thrombopoiesis and may play a role in tumor evasion and metastasis. Carcinoma-associated thrombocytosis is described in people, but has not been described in dogs.
HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES
Evaluate the concentrations of IL-6 and TPO in dogs diagnosed with carcinoma with or without thrombocytosis. We hypothesized that IL-6 and TPO concentrations would be higher in dogs with carcinoma compared to healthy dogs, and that IL-6 and TPO concentrations would be higher in dogs with carcinoma and thrombocytosis when compared to dogs with carcinoma and normal platelet counts.
ANIMALS
One-hundred sixteen dogs: 63 with carcinoma and 53 healthy control dogs.
METHODS
Complete blood count was performed in all dogs, and they were stratified for sub-group analysis based on the presence or absence of thrombocytosis (platelet count > 500 103/µL). Serum TPO and IL-6 concentrations were measured by ELISA. Results of selected numeric variables were compared using Wilcoxon rank sum tests for pairwise comparisons. A value of P < .05 was considered significant.
RESULTS
Twelve of the dogs with carcinoma (12/63, 19.0%) and none of the healthy control dogs (0%) had thrombocytosis. Thrombopoietin concentrations (median [range]) were significantly higher in dogs with carcinoma when compared to controls (87.42 pg/mL [0 to >600] vs 15.99 pg/mL [0 to >600], P < .001). Interleukin-6 concentrations (median [range]) were not different between dogs with carcinoma and healthy control dogs (9.70 pg/mL [0-181.53] vs 3.03 pg/mL [0-280.77], P = .15). In dogs with carcinoma, the TPO and IL-6 concentrations were not different between dogs with thrombocytosis and dogs with normal platelet count.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
Thrombopoietin concentrations were significantly higher in dogs with carcinoma, regardless of platelet count. Thrombopoietin is likely to be 1 of multiple factors that can impact platelet number, production, and consumption in dogs with carcinoma.
Topics: Animals; Carcinoma; Case-Control Studies; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Interleukin-6; Platelet Count; Thrombocytosis; Thrombopoietin
PubMed: 34881459
DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16317 -
Journal of Clinical Apheresis Oct 2021Peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation is a key treatment option for hematological diseases and is widely performed in clinical practice. Platelet loss is one...
BACKGROUND
Peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation is a key treatment option for hematological diseases and is widely performed in clinical practice. Platelet loss is one of the major complications of PBSC apheresis, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) return is considered in case of platelet decrease following apheresis; however, little is known about the frequency and severity of platelet loss and the efficacy of PRP return postapheresis.
METHODS
We assessed changes in platelet counts following PBSC-related apheresis in 270 allogeneic (allo)- and 105 autologous (auto)-PBSC settings. We also evaluated the efficacy of PRP transfusion on platelet recovery postapheresis.
RESULTS
In both allo- and auto-PBSC settings, the preapheresis platelet count (range, 84-385 and 33-558 × 10 /L, respectively) decreased postapheresis (range, 57-292 and 20-429 × 10 /L, respectively), whereas severe platelet decrease (<50 × 10 /L) was only observed in auto-PBSC patients (n = 9). We confirmed that platelet count before apheresis was a risk factor for severe platelet decrease (<50 × 10 /L) following auto-PBSC apheresis (odds ratio 0.749, P < .049). PRP return postapheresis facilitated platelet recovery in more than 80% of cases in both allo and auto settings.
CONCLUSION
Lower platelet count preapheresis is a useful predictor of severe platelet decrease following auto-PBSC apheresis and PRP return is an effective process to facilitate platelet recovery postapheresis.
Topics: Blood Component Removal; Humans; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; Platelet Count; Platelet Transfusion; Platelet-Rich Plasma
PubMed: 34133767
DOI: 10.1002/jca.21917