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Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical... Sep 2023Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological cancer driven on by aberrant myeloid precursor cell proliferation and differentiation. A prognostic model was created in...
BACKGROUND
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological cancer driven on by aberrant myeloid precursor cell proliferation and differentiation. A prognostic model was created in this study to direct therapeutic care.
METHODS
Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were investigated using the RNA-seq data from the TCGA-LAML and GTEx. Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis (WGCNA) examines the genes involved in cancer. Find the intersection genes and construct the PPI network to discover hub genes and remove prognosis-related genes. A nomogram was produced for predicting the prognosis of AML patients using the risk prognosis model that was constructed using COX and Lasso regression analysis. GO, KEGG, and ssGSEA analysis were used to look into its biological function. TIDE score predicts immunotherapy response.
RESULTS
Differentially expressed gene analysis revealed 1004 genes, WGCNA analysis revealed 19,575 tumor-related genes, and 941 intersection genes in total. Twelve prognostic genes were found using the PPI network and prognostic analysis. To build a risk rating model, RPS3A and PSMA2 were examined using COX and Lasso regression analysis. The risk score was used to divide the patients into two groups, and Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the two groups had different overall survival rates. Univariate and multivariate COX studies demonstrated that risk score is an independent prognostic factor. According to the TIDE study, the immunotherapy response was better in the low-risk group than in the high-risk group.
CONCLUSIONS
We eventually selected out two molecules to construct prediction models that might be used as biomarkers for predicting AML immunotherapy and prognosis.
Topics: Humans; Prognosis; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Nomograms; Cell Differentiation; Computational Biology; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 37222809
DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04871-3 -
Cancer Biomarkers : Section a of... 2023Cervical cancer (CC) is a malignant tumor threatening women's health. Replication factor C (RFC) 5 is significantly highly expressed in CC tissues, and the immune...
BACKGROUND
Cervical cancer (CC) is a malignant tumor threatening women's health. Replication factor C (RFC) 5 is significantly highly expressed in CC tissues, and the immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prognostic role of RFC5 in CC, analyze the immune genes significantly associated with RFC5, and establish a nomogram to evaluate the prognosis of patients with CC.
METHODS
High RFC5 expression in patients with CC was analyzed and verified through TCGA GEO, TIMER2.0, and HPA databases. A risk score model was constructed using RFC5-related immune genes identified using R packages. Combining the risk score model and clinical information of patients with CC, a nomogram was constructed to evaluate the prognosis of patients with CC.
RESULTS
Comprehensive analysis showed that the risk score was a prognostic factor for CC. The nomogram could predict the 3-year overall survival of patients with CC.
CONCLUSIONS
RFC5 was validated as a biomarker for CC. The RFC5 related immune genes were used to establish a new prognostic model of CC.
Topics: Humans; Female; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Prognosis; Nomograms; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Databases, Factual; Tumor Microenvironment; Replication Protein C
PubMed: 37302025
DOI: 10.3233/CBM-220347 -
Technology in Cancer Research &... 2022Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignant tumor globally in terms of morbidity and mortality. The presence of lymph node metastasis (LNM) is an independent... (Review)
Review
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignant tumor globally in terms of morbidity and mortality. The presence of lymph node metastasis (LNM) is an independent prognostic factor for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in cervical cancer patients. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system was revised in 2018. An important revision designates patients with regional LNM as stage IIIC, pelvic LNM only as stage IIIC1, and para-aortic LNM as stage IIIC2. However, the current staging system is only based on the anatomical location of metastatic lymph nodes (LNs). It does not consider other LN status parameters, which may limit its prognostic significance to a certain extent and needs further exploration and confirmation in the future. The purpose of this review is to summarize the choice of treatment for stage IIIC cervical cancer and the effect of different LN status parameters on prognosis.
Topics: Female; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 35341413
DOI: 10.1177/15330338221086403 -
BMC Cancer Oct 2023Inflammatory, immune, and nutritional status are key factors in obstructive colorectal cancer (OCRC). This study aims to investigate the value of modified Naples...
BACKGROUND
Inflammatory, immune, and nutritional status are key factors in obstructive colorectal cancer (OCRC). This study aims to investigate the value of modified Naples prognostic score (M-NPS) in evaluating OCRC prognosis.
METHODS
A total of 196 OCRC patients were retrospectively analyzed to construct M-NPS based on serum albumin (ALB), total cholesterol (CHOL), neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and lymphocyte:monocyte ratio (LMR), and then they were divided into three groups. The Kaplan-Meier (KM) method and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were performed for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of OCRC patients.
RESULTS
Patients with high M-NPS had worse OS and DFS (P = 0.0001, P = 0.0011). Multivariate COX analysis showed that M-NPS was an independent prognostic factor for OCRC patients. Patients in the M-NPS 2 group had significantly worse OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.930 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.217-10.964), P < 0.001) and DFS (HR = 3.508 (95% CI, 1.691-7.277), P < 0.001) than those in the 0 group.
CONCLUSION
M-NPS was an independent prognostic factor for OCRC patients; it might provide a potential reference for immunonutritional intervention in patients with obstruction.
Topics: Humans; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Lymphocytes; Disease-Free Survival; Colorectal Neoplasms
PubMed: 37798689
DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11435-8 -
European Journal of Pain (London,... Sep 2021Numerous systematic reviews have attempted to synthesize evidence on prognostic factors for predicting future outcomes such as pain, disability and return-to-work/work... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Numerous systematic reviews have attempted to synthesize evidence on prognostic factors for predicting future outcomes such as pain, disability and return-to-work/work absence in neck and low back pain populations.
DATABASES AND DATATREATMENT
An umbrella review of systematic reviews was conducted to summarize the magnitude and quality of the evidence for each prognostic factor investigated. Searches were limited to the last 10 years (2008-11th April 2018, updated 28th September 2020). A two-stage approach was undertaken: in stage one, data on prognostic factors was extracted from systematic reviews identified from the systematic search that met the inclusion criteria. Where a prognostic factor was investigated in ≥1 systematic review and where 50% or more of those reviews found an association between the prognostic factor and one of the outcomes of interest, it was taken forward to stage two. In stage two, additional information extracted included the strength of association found, consistency of effects and risk of bias. The GRADE approach was used to grade confidence in the evidence.
RESULTS
Stage one identified 41 reviews (90 prognostic factors), with 35 reviews (25 prognostic factors) taken forward to stage two. Seven prognostic factors (disability/activity limitation, mental health; pain intensity; pain severity; coping; expectation of outcome/recovery and fear-avoidance) were judged as having moderate confidence for robust findings.
CONCLUSIONS
Although there was conflicting evidence for the strength of association with outcome, these factors may be used for identifying vulnerable subgroups or people able to self-manage. Further research can investigate the impact of using such prognostic information on treatment/referral decisions and patient outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Low Back Pain; Pain Measurement; Prognosis; Self Report; Systematic Reviews as Topic
PubMed: 33864327
DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1782 -
International Journal of Oral and... Jan 2022Oral cancer is the most common malignancy of the head and neck region, characterized by a poor prognosis. Novel prognostic markers are needed to better stratify these... (Review)
Review
Oral cancer is the most common malignancy of the head and neck region, characterized by a poor prognosis. Novel prognostic markers are needed to better stratify these patients. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) has been included in the eighth edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual as an additional prognostic factor, but its influence on the recurrence risk and lymph node metastasis is relatively understudied. This is a comprehensive review of the literature on the clinical and prognostic role of LVI in oral cancer. A relevant search of the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases yielded 29 articles that satisfied the inclusion criteria. Findings indicated that LVI is an independent negative prognostic factor in oral cancer patients and appears to be associated with cervical lymph node metastasis and loco-regional recurrence. Notably, in oral tongue cancer, survival outcomes progressively worsen when LVI is associated with other adverse pathological features, especially in the early stages. Therefore, these patients could benefit from elective neck dissection and/or adjuvant therapy. The high variability of LVI prevalence hinders the comparison of literature results. Several methodological limitations were found to be present in the collected articles, including the lack of a rigorous definition for LVI, the difficult detection in routine histological section, the presence of potential confounders, the retrospective nature, and an inadequate sample size in most studies. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct prognostic studies using standardized methods to define and quantify LVI.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Mouth Neoplasms; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
PubMed: 33814227
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.03.007 -
Oncotarget Aug 2016As there are millions of cancer deaths every year, it is of great value to identify applicable prognostic biomarkers. As an important alarm, the prognostic role of high... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
As there are millions of cancer deaths every year, it is of great value to identify applicable prognostic biomarkers. As an important alarm, the prognostic role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in cancer remains controversial. We aim to assess the association of HMGB1 expression with prognosis in cancer patients. Systematic literature searches of PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases were performed for eligible studies of HMGB1 as prognostic factor in cancer. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the influence of HMGB1 expression on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in cancer patients. 18 studies involving 11 different tumor types were included in meta-analysis. HMGB1 overexpression was significantly associated with poorer OS (HR: 1.99; 95% CI, 1.71-2.31) and PFS (HR: 2.26; 95% CI, 1.65-3.10) irrespective of cancer types including gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma, esophageal cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and cervical carcinoma. Subgroup analyses indicated geographical area and size of studies did not affect the prognostic effects of HMGB1 for OS. Morever, HMGB1 overexpression had a consistent correlation with poorer OS when detected by immunohistochemistry in tissues and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum, whereas the correlation did not exist by quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction in tissues. HMGB1 overexpression is associated with poorer prognosis in patients with various types of cancer, suggesting that it is a prognostic factor and potential biomarker for survival in cancer.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Disease-Free Survival; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Geography; HMGB1 Protein; Humans; Neoplasms; Prognosis; Proportional Hazards Models; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 27391431
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10413 -
BMJ Open Aug 2023The prognosis of invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast is determined by many clinicopathological factors. This study aims to identify prognostic factors...
OBJECTIVES
The prognosis of invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast is determined by many clinicopathological factors. This study aims to identify prognostic factors and develop reliable nomogram to predict the overall survival (OS) in patients with IMPC.
DESIGN
Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards analysis were used to identify variables and construct a nomogram based on the training cohort. C-index and calibration curves were performed to evaluate the performance of the model in the training cohort and validation cohorts.
SETTING
We collected the patient data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. This database holds data related to the cancer incidence from 18 population-based cancer registries in the USA.
PARTICIPANTS
The SEER database was used to screen 754 eligible patients as the study cohort. The whole cohort was randomly divided into a training cohort (n=377) and a validation cohort (n=377).
RESULTS
Age at diagnosis, hormone receptors, number of positive regional lymph nodes and clinical stage were independent prognostic factors for patients with IMPC. The calibration curves presented excellent consistency between the actual and nomogram-predict survival probabilities in the training and validation cohorts. The C-index values of the nomogram were 0.794 and 0.774 for OS in the training and validation cohorts, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The novel nomogram provides new insights of the risk of each prognostic factor and can assist doctors in predicting the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS in patients with IMPC.
Topics: Humans; Nomograms; Prognosis; Carcinoma; Risk Factors
PubMed: 37550031
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072632 -
The Oncologist Apr 2022Many candidate surrogate endpoints are currently assessed using a 2-level statistical approach, which consists in checking whether (1) the potential surrogate is... (Review)
Review
Many candidate surrogate endpoints are currently assessed using a 2-level statistical approach, which consists in checking whether (1) the potential surrogate is associated with the final endpoint in individual patients and (2) the effect of treatment on the surrogate can be used to reliably predict the effect of treatment on the final endpoint. In some situations, condition (1) is fulfilled but condition (2) is not. We use concepts of causal inference to explain this apparently paradoxical situation, illustrating this review with 2 contrasting examples in operable breast cancer: the example of pathological complete response (pCR) and that of disease-free survival (DFS). In a previous meta-analysis, pCR has been shown to be a strong and independent prognostic factor for event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) after neoadjuvant treatment of operable breast cancer. Yet, in randomized trials, the effects of experimental treatments on pCR have not translated into predictable effects on EFS or OS, making pCR an "individual-level" surrogate, but not a "trial-level" surrogate. In contrast, DFS has been shown to be an acceptable surrogate for OS at both the individual and trial levels in early, HER2-positive breast cancer. The distinction between the prognostic and predictive roles of a tentative surrogate, not always made in the literature, avoids unnecessary confusion and allows better understanding of what it takes to validate a surrogate endpoint that is truly able to replace a final endpoint.
Topics: Biomarkers; Breast Neoplasms; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Humans; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Prognosis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35380717
DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac006 -
The American Journal of Surgical... Oct 2023The extent of tumor spread influences on the clinical outcome, and which determine T stage of colorectal cancer. However, pathologic discrimination between pT3 and pT4a...
The extent of tumor spread influences on the clinical outcome, and which determine T stage of colorectal cancer. However, pathologic discrimination between pT3 and pT4a in the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)-TNM stage is subjective, and more objective discrimination method for deeply invasive advanced colon cancer is mandatory for standardized patient management. Peritoneal elastic laminal invasion (ELI) detected using elastic staining may increase the objective discrimination of deeply invasive advanced colon cancer. In this study, we constructed ELI study group to investigate feasibility, objectivity, and prognostic utility of ELI. Furthermore, pT classification using ELI was investigated based on these data. At first, concordance study investigated objectivity using 60 pT3 and pT4a colon cancers. Simultaneously, a multi-institutional retrospective study was performed to assess ELI's prognostic utility in 1202 colon cancer cases from 6 institutions. In the concordance study, objectivity, represented by κ, was higher in the ELI assessment than in pT classification. In the multi-institutional retrospective study, elastic staining revealed that ELI was a strong prognostic factor. The clinical outcome of pT3 cases with ELI was significantly and consistently worse than that of those without ELI. pT classification into pT3 without ELI, pT3 with ELI, and pT4a was an independent prognostic factor. In this study, we revealed that ELI is an objective method for discriminating deeply invasive advanced colon cancer. Based on its feasibility, objectivity, and prognostic utility, ELI can subdivide pT3 lesions into pT3a (without ELI) and pT3b (with ELI).
Topics: Humans; Colonic Neoplasms; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 37395605
DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000002090