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BMC Infectious Diseases Aug 2018Chronic rhinosinusitis is an inflammatory disorder in which the role of bacteria remains uncertain. While sinus outflow obstruction is often an initiating event, mucosal...
BACKGROUND
Chronic rhinosinusitis is an inflammatory disorder in which the role of bacteria remains uncertain. While sinus outflow obstruction is often an initiating event, mucosal inflammation and dysbiosis may persist or develop in sinuses with widely patent surgical openings. Understanding of the relationship between dysbiosis and chronic sinus inflammation is obfuscated by inter-individual microbiota variability and likely intra-individual temporal variation that has yet to be defined. In this study, long-term microbiota stability is investigated within surgically-opened maxillary sinuses of individuals with and without sinus inflammatory disease.
METHODS
Maxillary sinus swabs were performed in 35 subjects with longstanding maxillary antrostomies. Subjects with and without active chronic maxillary sinusitis were included. Repeat swabs were obtained from the same sinuses after a prolonged interval (mean 719 ± 383 days). Patients were categorized based on the inflammatory status of the sinus mucosa at times of sample collection, as assessed by nasal endoscopy. Total DNA from swab eluents was extracted, and the microbiota characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing followed by taxonomic classification. Prevalence and abundance of genera were determined by analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Taxa were identified that were stably present between two time points in individual subjects.
RESULTS
The overall proportion of stable taxa across time points was 24.5 ± 10.6%. This stability index was consistent across patient groups and not correlated with clinical parameters. Highly prevalent taxa, including Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium, and Pseudomonas, were often stably present, but varied in relative abundance. Janthinobacterium, Enterobacter, Lactobacillus, and Acinetobacter were prevalent and moderately abundant taxa in healthy sinuses, but not in inflamed sinuses. Moraxella and Haemophilus were present at low prevalence and proportional abundance in chronically or intermittently inflamed sinuses, but not in healthy sinuses.
CONCLUSIONS
A relatively small component of the post-antrostomy maxillary sinus microbiota exhibits long-term stability in individual subjects. Stable bacteria include a limited number of highly prevalent and a larger number of lower prevalence taxa, which vary widely in proportional abundance. The concept of individual-specific core sinus microbiota, durable over time and medical therapy, but fluctuating in proportional abundance, has implications for understanding the role of bacteria in CRS pathogenesis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Bacteria; Corynebacterium; DNA, Bacterial; Endoscopy; Female; Humans; Linear Models; Male; Maxillary Sinus; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Principal Component Analysis; Propionibacterium; Prospective Studies; Pseudomonas; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sinusitis; Staphylococcus
PubMed: 30165830
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3272-9 -
PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science... 2020Mammalian cell lines constitute an important part in the manufacture of therapeutic proteins. A contamination-free operation of a mammalian cell bioreactor demands... (Review)
Review
Mammalian cell lines constitute an important part in the manufacture of therapeutic proteins. A contamination-free operation of a mammalian cell bioreactor demands constant attention to details. , a slow-growing bacterium, is a common skin flora and is often associated with mammalian cell bioreactor contaminations. This paper reviews the literature published about such contaminations and presents three hypothetical contamination scenarios based on the author's experience in the hope of fostering early detection of contamination events. Bioreactor process parameters such as unusual fluctuation in dissolved oxygen, high levels of ammonia, and microscopic examination have been identified as useful tools to detect slow-growing bacteria contamination.
Topics: Animals; Bacteriological Techniques; Bioreactors; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Line; Equipment Contamination; Humans; Kinetics; Propionibacterium acnes
PubMed: 31843987
DOI: 10.5731/pdajpst.2019.010710 -
Anais Da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 2022Objective was evaluated the therapeutic effect of Juglans regia (J) and Zingiber officinale (Z) extracts, alone or associated (Z75% + J25%, Z50% + J50% and Z25% + J75%)...
Effect of combining Zingiber officinale and Juglans regia extracts on Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis: antibiofilm action and low toxicity.
Objective was evaluated the therapeutic effect of Juglans regia (J) and Zingiber officinale (Z) extracts, alone or associated (Z75% + J25%, Z50% + J50% and Z25% + J75%) applied on planktonic cultures and biofilms of Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as analyzing the cytotoxic effects of plant extracts on mouse macrophages (Raw 264-7). Broth microdilution assay was performed (M7-A6 - CLSI). Anti-biofilm activities and cytotoxicity on Raw 264-7 were studied using MTT assay and scanning electron microscopy. ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey HSD applied for parametric data and Kruskal-Wallis with Conover-Iman test, for non-parametric (p<0.05). On P. acnes biofilm, Z50% + J50% reduced 46.9% in 5 min and Z25% + J75% reduced 74.1% in 24hs. On S. aureus, Z75% + J25% reduced 23.1% in 5 min Z25% +J75% reduced 79.4% in 24hs. On S. epidermidis, Z75% + J25% reduced 74.6% in 5 min and 82.05% in 24 h. The treatments on macrophages for 24 h promoted a maximum reduction by 14,5% for groups of extracts associations. On multispecies biofilm, Z75%+J25% reduced 84.3% in 24 h. In conclusion association of glycolic extracts provided therapeutic effect, demonstrated antimicrobial activity and low cytotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcus aureus; Propionibacterium acnes; Zingiber officinale; Juglans; Staphylococcal Infections; Biofilms
PubMed: 36449895
DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220201133 -
Cell Reports. Medicine Feb 2022Tailored skin microbiome modulation approaches with probiotics are highly challenging. Here, we show that lactobacilli are underestimated members of the skin microbiota....
Tailored skin microbiome modulation approaches with probiotics are highly challenging. Here, we show that lactobacilli are underestimated members of the skin microbiota. We select specific strains of nomadic lactobacilli for their functional applicability on the skin and capacity to inhibit growth and inflammation by skin pathobionts. The strains are formulated as microcapsules for topical formulations and tested in patients with mild-to-moderate acne. The selected lactobacilli are able to reduce inflammatory lesions in a pilot and placebo-controlled study. Daily application for 8 weeks is associated with an temporary modulation of the microbiome, including a reduction in relative abundance of staphylococci and , and an increase in lactobacilli. The reduction in inflammatory lesions is still apparent 4 weeks after the topical application of the lactobacilli ended, indicating a possible additional immunomodulatory effect. This study shows that carefully selected and formulated lactobacilli are a viable therapeutic option for common acne lesions.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Humans; Inflammation; Lactobacillus; Propionibacterium acnes; Skin
PubMed: 35243421
DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100521 -
Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science... Sep 2021Propionic acid bacteria (PAB) is an umbrella term for a group of bacteria with the ability to produce propionic acid. In the past, due to this common feature and other... (Review)
Review
Propionic acid bacteria (PAB) is an umbrella term for a group of bacteria with the ability to produce propionic acid. In the past, due to this common feature and other phenotypic similarities, genetically heterogeneous bacteria were considered as a single genus, Propionibacterium. Members of this genus ranged from "dairy propionibacteria," which are widely known for their role in eye and flavor formation in cheese production, to "cutaneous propionibacteria," which are primarily associated with human skin. In 2016, the introduction of two new genera based on genotypic data facilitated a clear separation of cutaneous (Cutibacterium spp.) from dairy PAB (Propionibacterium spp., Acidipropionibacterium spp.). In light of these taxonomic changes, but with particular emphasis on dairy PAB, this review describes the current state of knowledge about metabolic pathways and other characteristics such as antibiotic resistance and virulence factors. In addition, the relevance of dairy PAB for the food industry and cheese production in particular is highlighted. Furthermore, methods for cultivation, detection, and enumeration are reviewed, incorporating the current taxonomy as well as the potential for routine applications.
Topics: Cheese; Food Industry; Humans; Propionates; Propionibacterium
PubMed: 34355493
DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12804 -
European Journal of Clinical... Feb 2016The development of a breath test by the identification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by cariogenic bacteria is a promising approach for caries risk...
The development of a breath test by the identification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by cariogenic bacteria is a promising approach for caries risk assessment and early caries detection. The aim of the present study was to investigate the volatile profiles of three major cariogenic bacteria and to assess whether the obtained signatures were species-specific. Therefore, the headspaces above cultures of Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus salivarius and Propionibacterium acidifaciens were analysed after 24 and 48 h of cultivation using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. A volatile database was queried for the obtained VOC profiles. Sixty-four compounds were detected within the analysed culture headspaces and were absent (36) or at least only present in minor amounts (28) in the control headspace. For S. mutans 18, for L. salivarius three and for P. acidifaciens five compounds were found to be unique signature VOCs. Database matching revealed that the identified signatures of all bacteria were unique. Furthermore, 13 of the 64 detected substances have not been previously reported to be emitted by bacteria or fungi. Specific VOC signatures were found in all the investigated bacteria cultures. The obtained results encourage further research to investigate the transferability to in vivo conditions towards the development of a breath test.
Topics: Breath Tests; Dental Caries; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Lactobacillus; Propionibacterium; Risk Assessment; Streptococcus mutans; Volatile Organic Compounds
PubMed: 26610336
DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2536-1 -
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology Nov 2022Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. If skin lesions are not treated well in time, they can leave a permanent impact on the appearance and a negative... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. If skin lesions are not treated well in time, they can leave a permanent impact on the appearance and a negative influence on personal confidence. The common therapy for acne symptom includes antibiotics, benzoyl peroxide, and azeleic acid. However, those medications have side effects, and the long-term use should be cautious. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a safe and effective material, which is more suitable for daily use.
OBJECTIVE
Collagen was selected to co-ferment with three probiotic strains TYCA06/AP-32/CP-9 (TAC) due to its excellent feature on wound healing. The fermented material was added into cosmetic gel and applied on subjects' acne lesions. The antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acnes and anti-inflammation effect around lesion area were investigated in a 4-week clinical study.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
An anti-P. acnes assay, a keratinocytes HaCaT cell-based wound healing assay, and a cytokine assay on thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and interleukin (IL)-33 were used to evaluate the function of the fermented material in vitro. The TAC/Collagen formula was further incorporated into a cosmetic gel, and the human clinical trial was carried out by applying this gel on 20 volunteers' face with acne vulgaris. The moisture score, sebum content, inflammation, porphyrins numbers, and brown spot number of whole face were observed and recorded.
RESULTS
The postbiotics of the TAC/Collagen displayed a good growth inhibition against P. acnes and reduced TSLP and IL-33 inflammation in vitro. This TAC/Collagen formula enhanced the wound healing in HaCaT cell culture. The result of the clinical trial showed the TAC/Collagen gel improved the moisture score and inflammation index of the skin in vivo. In addition, this TAC/Collagen gel also improved the wound healing of acne symptom in volunteers with acne vulgaris. Moreover, this TAC/Collagen gel reduced the number of the porphyrins and brown spots on facial skin.
CONCLUSION
These postbiotics of TAC/Collagen have beneficial effects on skin health and are able to ameliorate the redness, inflammation, and acne symptom in acne vulgaris patients.
Topics: Humans; Acne Vulgaris; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Benzoyl Peroxide; Dermatologic Agents; Cosmetics; Cytokines; Collagen; Propionibacterium acnes
PubMed: 35818134
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15228 -
Dermatologic Therapy May 2021Acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermatologic disorders affects people of all races and ethnicities and has many adverse effects on the quality of life. The... (Review)
Review
Acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermatologic disorders affects people of all races and ethnicities and has many adverse effects on the quality of life. The increased bacterial resistance to antibiotics has reduced the effectiveness of treatment with these agents. There is an increasing focus on the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of acne. This study investigates the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as an antioxidant in the treatment of acne vulgaris. This systematic review was conducted through a search in databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Scielo, and Medline using keywords including acne vulgaris, anti and NAC, and all the keywords associated with each of the subtitles. The factors affecting the occurrence and expansion of acne include increased sebum synthesis, hyperkeratinization of pilosebaceous units, colonization with Propionibacterium acnes, and increased release of inflammatory mediators and ROS. Studies have shown that glutathione stimulation following the administration of NAC increases glutathione levels for the detoxification of oxygen-free radicals. Moreover, NAC prevents the synthesis and release of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6, MP9, and IL-1β and has shown antibacterial activities against important bacteria including E. coli, S. epidermidis, Pseudomonas, and Klebsiella. This medication has anti-proliferative effects and is also used for excoriation and PCOD. The results of the present study showed the beneficial effects of using NAC in patients with acne vulgaris in terms of the disease complications and comorbidities. Given its diverse functional mechanisms, this medication can be used to treat acne and its consequences.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Acne Vulgaris; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Escherichia coli; Humans; Propionibacterium acnes; Quality of Life
PubMed: 33629414
DOI: 10.1111/dth.14915 -
Anaerobe Aug 2015The main topic of this paper is the evaluation of adhesion of propionibacteria to IPEC-J2 cells and the survival at pH 2.5 and with 0.3% bile salts added, bioactivity...
The main topic of this paper is the evaluation of adhesion of propionibacteria to IPEC-J2 cells and the survival at pH 2.5 and with 0.3% bile salts added, bioactivity towards pathogens and antibiotic resistance of Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii, Propionibacterium jensenii, Propionibacterium acidipropionici and Propionibacterium thoenii. Adhesion to IPEC-J2 cell lines was ca. 25-35% and significantly increased with CaCl2. Moreover, propionibacteria showed a reduction of cell count of ca. 0.5% at pH 2.5 after 3 h, whereas cell count increased after 24 h with bile salts; finally, they significantly inhibited Escherichia coli O157:H7.
Topics: Animals; Antibiosis; Bacterial Adhesion; Bile Acids and Salts; Cell Line; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Epithelial Cells; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Microbial Viability; Probiotics; Propionibacterium; Swine
PubMed: 26079323
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2015.06.003 -
Arthroscopy : the Journal of... Apr 2018Propionibacterium acnes has long been known to play a detrimental role in shoulder surgery. This thoughtful and revealing study found significant evidence of lower rates...
Editorial Commentary: An Alternative to Opioids? Adhesive Drapes and Chlorhexidine Skin Preparation May Reduce Propionibacterium acnes-Related Pain After Shoulder Surgery.
Propionibacterium acnes has long been known to play a detrimental role in shoulder surgery. This thoughtful and revealing study found significant evidence of lower rates of P. acnes cultured during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with the use of an adhesive drape and chlorhexidine skin preparation.
Topics: Adhesives; Analgesics, Opioid; Arthroscopy; Chlorhexidine; Humans; Pain; Propionibacterium acnes; Prospective Studies; Rotator Cuff; Shoulder; Shoulder Joint; Skin; Sutures
PubMed: 29622251
DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2017.11.023