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International Journal of Systematic and... Aug 2019In a recent publication dealing with the classification of species assigned to the genus Propionibacterium, evidence was presented supporting that it would be...
Arachnia propionica (Buchanan and Pine 1962) Pine and Georg 1969 (Approved Lists 1980), Propionibacterium propionicum corrig. (Buchanan and Pine 1962) Charfreitag et al. 1988 and Pseudopropionibacterium propionicum (Buchanan and Pine 1962) Scholz and Kilian 2016 and the nomenclatural consequences...
In a recent publication dealing with the classification of species assigned to the genus Propionibacterium, evidence was presented supporting that it would be appropriate to sub-divide the genus into four genera, Propionibacterium Orla-Jensen 1909 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Scholz and Kilian 2016, Acidipropionibacterium Scholz and Kilian 2016, Cutibacterium Scholz and Kilian 2016 and Pseudopropionibacterium Scholz and Kilian 2016. Of these genera, Pseudopropionibacterium Scholz and Kilian 2016 was proposed to contain a single species Pseudopropionibacterium propionicum (Buchanan and Pine 1962) Scholz and Kilian 2016 that is also the nomenclatural type. The nomenclatural type of Pseudopropionibacterium propionicum (Buchanan and Pine 1962) Scholz and Kilian 2016 is also the nomenclatural type of Propionibacterium propionicum corrig. (Buchanan and Pine 1962) Charfreitag et al. 1988 and Arachnia propionica (Buchanan and Pine 1962) [Pine and Georg 1969 (Approved Lists 1980)] and are consequently homotypic synonyms. Arachnia propionica(Buchanan and Pine 1962) Pine and Georg 1969 (Approved Lists 1980) was the nomenclatural type and only species placed within the genus Arachnia Pine and Georg 1969 (Approved Lists 1980). In the light of this fact, the consequences for the names Arachnia propionica (Buchanan and Pine 1962) Pine and Georg 1969 (Approved Lists 1980), Propionibacterium propionicum corrig. (Buchanan and Pine 1962) Charfreitag et al. 1988 and Pseudopropionibacterium propionicum(Buchanan and Pine 1962) Scholz and Kilian 2016 are discussed together with the correct name for the recently validly published name Pseudopropionibacterium rubrum Saito et al. 2018.
Topics: Phylogeny; Propionibacteriaceae; Propionibacterium; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 31120826
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003442 -
Journal of Photochemistry and... Jan 2020In our recent study, we showed that pulsed blue light (PBL) suppresses the growth of Propionibacterium acnes more than continuous wave (CW) blue light in vitro, but it...
In our recent study, we showed that pulsed blue light (PBL) suppresses the growth of Propionibacterium acnes more than continuous wave (CW) blue light in vitro, but it is not known that other bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), respond similarly to PBL. The high potency of PBL relative to CW blue light makes it a suitable antimicrobial for suppressing bacterial growth in biofilms as well. Therefore, we determined if MRSA-a deadly bacterium of global concern-is susceptible to 450 nm PBL irradiation in vitro, and ascertained whether the bactericidal effect of PBL on planktonic P. acnes culture can be replicated in biofilms of P. acnes and MRSA. In three series of experiments, we irradiated P. acnes and MRSA respectively, either in planktonic cultures, forming biofilms or formed biofilms. Compared to controls, the results showed 100% bacterial suppression in planktonic cultures of MRSA irradiated with 3 mW/cm irradiance and 7.6 J/cm radiant exposure three times at 30-minute intervals, and also in P. acnes cultures irradiated with 2 mW/cm irradiance 5 J/cm radiant exposure thrice daily during each of 3 days. Irradiation of biofilms with the same irradiances and radiant exposures that gave 100% bacterial suppression in planktonic cultures resulted in disruption and disassembly of the architecture of MRSA and P. acnes biofilms, more so in forming biofilms than formed biofilms. The antimicrobial effect on each bacterium was minimal in forming biofilms, and even less in formed biofilms. Increasing radiant exposure slightly from 7.6 J/cm to 10.8 J/cm without changing any other parameter, yielded more disruption of the biofilm and fewer live MRSA and P. acnes, suggesting that 100% bacterial suppression is possible with further refinement of the protocol. In both planktonic cultures and biofilms, PBL suppressed MRSA more than P. acnes.
Topics: Biofilms; Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; Light; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Propionibacterium acnes; Thermodynamics
PubMed: 31760372
DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111702 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2023This study aimed at investigating the influence of different variants of bacterial starter cultures on the metabolism of the bacteria used, cheese protein digestibility,...
This study aimed at investigating the influence of different variants of bacterial starter cultures on the metabolism of the bacteria used, cheese protein digestibility, and fatty acid profile. The results revealed that lactic acid bacteria had a significant effect on the proportions of fatty acids in cheeses, with saturated fatty acids being predominant in in all cheese variants. Fatty acid proportions are complex and depend on the type of cheese culture and monoculture used. Additionally, the analysis of fatty acid composition showed variations in the proportion of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, impacting the values of atherogenic and thrombogenic indices. Notably, the atherogenic index was highest in samples of mature cheeses obtained from a typical mesophilic cheese culture, whereas it was lowest in samples of fresh milk and mature cheeses obtained from a mesophilic cheese culture and monocultures of Lacticaseibacillus casei and Propionibacterium. The study also highlighted the influence of lactobacilli on the content of available free lysine, glycine, and methionine in cheese proteins. Mature cheeses obtained with Propionibacterium and L. casei starter cultures exhibited higher free lysine and glycine content compared with fresh cheeses and those obtained solely with the cheese culture. Additionally, mature cheeses obtained with starter cultures of mesophilic cheese culture, Propionibacterium, and L. casei had the highest free methionine content. Based on these findings, it is evident that the choice of cheese making cultures and monocultures can significantly affect the fatty acid composition and amino acid content of cheese and fresh milk, potentially bearing important health implications.
Topics: Lactobacillales; Fatty Acids; Cheese; Lysine; Propionibacterium; Methionine; Fabaceae; Glycine; Racemethionine
PubMed: 37717086
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42633-w -
Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Sep 2015Many shoulder arthroplasties revised for pain, stiffness, or component loosening are culture positive for Propionibacterium. The culture results are unknown until days...
BACKGROUND
Many shoulder arthroplasties revised for pain, stiffness, or component loosening are culture positive for Propionibacterium. The culture results are unknown until days or weeks after surgery, too late to inform intraoperative surgical decisions and immediate postsurgical antibiotic treatment. The objective of this study was to identify preoperative and intraoperative characteristics that may alert surgeons to an increased likelihood of positive cultures.
METHODS
We analyzed the records of 132 shoulders that underwent surgical revision of a shoulder arthroplasty, 66 of which became culture positive for Propionibacterium and 66 did not.
RESULTS
Propionibacterium-positive and Propionibacterium-negative shoulders were similar with respect to many characteristics; however, Propionibacterium-negative shoulders were revised sooner after the index procedure and were significantly more likely to be female, to have sustained a fall, to have instability, and to have rotator cuff deficiency. Intraoperatively, Propionibacterium-positive shoulders demonstrated more glenoid erosions, glenoid osteolysis, glenoid loosening, and a higher incidence of a soft tissue membrane between the humeral component and humeral endosteum. Shoulders culture positive for Propionibacterium were more likely to be culture positive for another bacteria.
CONCLUSIONS
Although Propionibacterium-positive and Propionibacterium-negative shoulders have many similarities, factors such as male gender, delayed presentation, glenoid osteolysis and loosening, humeral membrane, and the absence of instability or cuff failure should arouse suspicion of Propionibacterium and suggest the need for deep cultures and consideration of aggressive surgical and medical treatment.
Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Aged; Arthroplasty, Replacement; Female; Humans; Joint Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Propionibacterium; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Reoperation; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Shoulder Joint
PubMed: 25725967
DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2015.01.003 -
Food Microbiology Feb 2016Dairy propionibacteria (PAB) are used as a ripening starter in combination with Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for dairy products such as Swiss-type cheese. LAB and PAB have...
Dairy propionibacteria (PAB) are used as a ripening starter in combination with Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for dairy products such as Swiss-type cheese. LAB and PAB have also been studied for their probiotic properties but little is still known about their individual and/or synergistic beneficial effects within dairy matrices. In the context of a rising incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, it has become crucial to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of bacteria ingested in large numbers via dairy products. We therefore selected different strains and combinations of technological LAB and PAB. We determined their immunomodulatory potential by IL-10 and IL-12 induction, in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, on either single or mixed cultures, grown on laboratory medium or directly in milk. Milk was fermented with selected anti-inflammatory strains of LAB or PAB/LAB mixed cultures and the resulting bacterial fractions were also evaluated for these properties, together with starter viability and optimum technological aspects. The most promising fermented milks were evaluated in the context of TNBS- or DSS-induced colitis in mice. The improvement in inflammatory parameters evidenced an alleviation of colitis symptoms as a result of fermented milk consumption. This effect was clearly strain-dependent and modulated by growth within a fermented dairy product. These findings offer new tools and perspectives for the development of immunomodulatory fermented dairy products for targeted populations.
Topics: Animals; Cultured Milk Products; Humans; Immunomodulation; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-12; Lactobacillaceae; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Mice; Probiotics; Propionibacterium
PubMed: 26611170
DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.04.002 -
PloS One 2019Androgenetic alopecia is the most common form of hair loss in males. It is a multifactorial condition involving genetic predisposition and hormonal changes. The role of...
Androgenetic alopecia is the most common form of hair loss in males. It is a multifactorial condition involving genetic predisposition and hormonal changes. The role of microflora during hair loss remains to be understood. We therefore analyzed the microbiome of hair follicles from hair loss patients and the healthy. Hair follicles were extracted from occipital and vertex region of hair loss patients and healthy volunteers and further dissected into middle and lower compartments. The microbiome was then characterized by 16S rRNA sequencing. Distinct microbial population were found in the middle and lower compartment of hair follicles. Middle hair compartment was predominated by Burkholderia spp. and less diverse; while higher bacterial diversity was observed in the lower hair portion. Occipital and vertex hair follicles did not show significant differences. In hair loss patients, miniaturized vertex hair houses elevated Propionibacterium acnes in the middle and lower compartments while non-miniaturized hair of other regions were comparable to the healthy. Increased abundance of P. acnes in miniaturized hair follicles could be associated to elevated immune response gene expression in the hair follicle.
Topics: Alopecia; Burkholderia; Female; Hair Follicle; Humans; Immunity; Male; Microbiota; Propionibacterium; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 31050675
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216330 -
MBio Jul 2014The majority of bacteria detected in the nostril microbiota of most healthy adults belong to three genera: Propionibacterium, Corynebacterium, and Staphylococcus. Among...
The majority of bacteria detected in the nostril microbiota of most healthy adults belong to three genera: Propionibacterium, Corynebacterium, and Staphylococcus. Among these staphylococci is the medically important bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. Almost nothing is known about interspecies interactions among bacteria in the nostrils. We observed that crude extracts of cell-free conditioned medium from Propionibacterium spp. induce S. aureus aggregation in culture. Bioassay-guided fractionation implicated coproporphyrin III (CIII), the most abundant extracellular porphyrin produced by human-associated Propionibacterium spp., as a cause of S. aureus aggregation. This aggregation response depended on the CIII dose and occurred during early stationary-phase growth, and a low pH (~4 to 6) was necessary but was not sufficient for its induction. Additionally, CIII induced plasma-independent S. aureus biofilm development on an abiotic surface in multiple S. aureus strains. In strain UAMS-1, CIII stimulation of biofilm depended on sarA, a key biofilm regulator. This study is one of the first demonstrations of a small-molecule-mediated interaction among medically relevant members of the nostril microbiota and the first description of a role for CIII in bacterial interspecies interactions. Our results indicate that CIII may be an important mediator of S. aureus aggregation and/or biofilm formation in the nostril or other sites inhabited by Propionibacterium spp. and S. aureus. Importance: Very little is known about interspecies interactions among the bacteria that inhabit the adult nostril, including Staphylococcus aureus, a potential pathogen that colonizes about a quarter of adults. We demonstrated that coproporphyrin III (CIII), a diffusible small molecule excreted by nostril- and skin-associated Propionibacterium spp., induces S. aureus aggregation in a manner dependent on dose, growth phase, and pH. CIII also induces S. aureus to form a plasma-independent surface-attached biofilm. This report is the first description of a role for CIII in bacterial interspecies interactions at any human body site and a novel demonstration that nostril microbiota physiology is influenced by small-molecule-mediated interactions.
Topics: Biofilms; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coproporphyrins; Culture Media, Conditioned; Propionibacterium; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 25053784
DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01286-14 -
Science Translational Medicine May 2017The microorganisms that inhabit hospitals may influence patient recovery and outcome, although the complexity and diversity of these bacterial communities can confound...
The microorganisms that inhabit hospitals may influence patient recovery and outcome, although the complexity and diversity of these bacterial communities can confound our ability to focus on potential pathogens in isolation. To develop a community-level understanding of how microorganisms colonize and move through the hospital environment, we characterized the bacterial dynamics among hospital surfaces, patients, and staff over the course of 1 year as a new hospital became operational. The bacteria in patient rooms, particularly on bedrails, consistently resembled the skin microbiota of the patient occupying the room. Bacterial communities on patients and room surfaces became increasingly similar over the course of a patient's stay. Temporal correlations in community structure demonstrated that patients initially acquired room-associated taxa that predated their stay but that their own microbial signatures began to influence the room community structure over time. The α- and β-diversity of patient skin samples were only weakly or nonsignificantly associated with clinical factors such as chemotherapy, antibiotic usage, and surgical recovery, and no factor except for ambulatory status affected microbial similarity between the microbiotas of a patient and their room. Metagenomic analyses revealed that genes conferring antimicrobial resistance were consistently more abundant on room surfaces than on the skin of the patients inhabiting those rooms. In addition, persistent unique genotypes of and were identified. Dynamic Bayesian network analysis suggested that hospital staff were more likely to be a source of bacteria on the skin of patients than the reverse but that there were no universal patterns of transmission across patient rooms.
Topics: Bacteria; Bayes Theorem; Hospitals; Humans; Microbiota; Propionibacterium; Staphylococcus
PubMed: 28539477
DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aah6500 -
MBio Oct 2018Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second-most-common cancer in Australia. The majority of SCCs progress from premalignant actinic keratosis (AK) lesions...
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second-most-common cancer in Australia. The majority of SCCs progress from premalignant actinic keratosis (AK) lesions that form on chronically sun-exposed skin. The role of skin microbiota in this progression is not well understood; therefore, we performed a longitudinal microbiome analysis of AKs and SCCs using a cohort of 13 SCC-prone immunocompetent men. The majority of variability in microbial profiles was attributable to subject, followed by time and lesion type. and organisms were relatively more abundant in nonlesional photodamaged skin than in AKs and SCCs. was most commonly associated with lesional skin, in particular, sequences most closely related to Of 11 -like operational taxonomic units (OTUs), six were significantly associated with SCC lesions across seven subjects, suggesting their specific involvement with AK-to-SCC progression. If a causative link exists between certain -like OTUs and SCC etiology, therapeutic approaches specifically targeting these bacteria could be used to reduce SCC. Actinic keratosis (AK) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are two of the most common dermatologic conditions in Western countries and cause substantial morbidity worldwide. The role of human papillomaviruses under these conditions has been well studied yet remains inconclusive. One PCR-based study has investigated bacteria in the etiology of these conditions; however, no study has investigated the microbiomes of AK and SCC more broadly. We longitudinally profiled the microbiomes of 112 AK lesions, profiled cross sections of 32 spontaneously arising SCC lesions, and compared these to matching nonlesional photodamaged control skin sites. We identified commonly occurring strains of and at higher relative abundances on nonlesional skin than in AK and SCC lesions, and strains of were relatively more abundant in lesional than nonlesional skin. These findings may aid in the prevention of SCC.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bacteria; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Disease Progression; Humans; Immunocompetence; Keratosis, Actinic; Longitudinal Studies; Malassezia; Male; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Propionibacterium; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 30301852
DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01432-18 -
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Jan 2015Propionibacteria are actinobacteria consisting of two principal groups: cutaneous and dairy. Cutaneous propionibacteria are considered primary pathogens to humans,... (Review)
Review
Propionibacteria are actinobacteria consisting of two principal groups: cutaneous and dairy. Cutaneous propionibacteria are considered primary pathogens to humans, whereas dairy propionibacteria are widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Increasing attention has been focused on improving the performance of dairy propionibacteria for the production of industrially important chemicals, and significant advances have been made through strain engineering and process optimization in the production of flavor compounds, nutraceuticals, and antimicrobial compounds. In addition, genome sequencing of several propionibacteria species has been completed, deepening understanding of the metabolic and physiological features of these organisms. However, the metabolic engineering of propionibacteria still faces several challenges owing to the lack of efficient genome manipulation tools and the existence of various types of strong restriction-modification systems. The emergence of systems and synthetic biology provides new opportunities to overcome these bottlenecks. In this review, we first introduce the major species of propionibacteria and their properties and provide an overview of their functions and applications. We then discuss advances in the genome sequencing and metabolic engineering of these bacteria. Finally, we discuss systems and synthetic biology approaches for engineering propionibacteria as efficient and robust cell factories for the production of industrially important chemicals.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Bacteriocins; DNA Restriction-Modification Enzymes; Dietary Supplements; Food Additives; Food Microbiology; Genome, Bacterial; Industrial Microbiology; Metabolic Engineering; Propionates; Propionibacterium; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Synthetic Biology
PubMed: 25431012
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6228-z