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Zeitschrift Fur Naturforschung. C,... Mar 2023A new series of aminoacetylenic nitroimidazole piperazine hybrid compounds were prepared three-component reaction. Mannich-type reaction was utilized to couple the...
A new series of aminoacetylenic nitroimidazole piperazine hybrid compounds were prepared three-component reaction. Mannich-type reaction was utilized to couple the nitroimidazole containing propargylic moiety with secondary amines and formaldehyde in the presence of Cu (I) catalyst. The newly synthesized molecules , were characterized an ambiguously through NMR and mass spectrometry. The prepared compounds were assessed for their antibacterial activity against selected gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. All of the compounds had shown insignificant activities toward gram-negative bacteria. While compounds , , and had shown moderate activities against the gram-positive bacteria , and against fungi and .
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Piperazine; Nitroimidazoles; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Anti-Infective Agents; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 35942947
DOI: 10.1515/znc-2022-0043 -
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious... Jun 2024Although Proteus species are occasional causes of serious infections, their epidemiology has not been well defined. The objective was to describe the overall and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Although Proteus species are occasional causes of serious infections, their epidemiology has not been well defined. The objective was to describe the overall and species-specific occurrence and determinants of Proteus species bloodstream infection (BSI) in a large Australian population.
METHODS
All Queensland residents with Proteus species BSI identified within the publicly funded healthcare system between 2000 and 2019 were included.
RESULTS
A total of 2,143 incident episodes of Proteus species BSI were identified among 2,079 Queensland residents. The prevalence of comorbid illness differed with higher Charlson comorbidity scores observed with P. penneri and P. vulgaris, and higher prevalence of liver disease with P. penneri, higher comorbid cancer with P. vulgaris, and lower diabetes and renal disease prevalence with P. mirabilis BSIs.
CONCLUSION
This study provides novel information on the epidemiology of Proteus species BSI.
Topics: Humans; Bacteremia; Male; Middle Aged; Female; Proteus Infections; Aged; Queensland; Proteus; Prevalence; Adult; Comorbidity; Aged, 80 and over; Young Adult; Proteus mirabilis
PubMed: 38574445
DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116286 -
Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal : SPJ :... Feb 2017A series of esters of 4-acetyl, 4-trifluoroacetyl- and 4-(3-chloropropionyl)aminobenzenethiosulfoacids (twenty-four compounds) were synthesized and characterized by...
A series of esters of 4-acetyl, 4-trifluoroacetyl- and 4-(3-chloropropionyl)aminobenzenethiosulfoacids (twenty-four compounds) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, H NMR and IR spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity of the novel candidates has been screened using the agar diffusion or serial dilution methods against representative Gram-positive (, , , sp., ), Gram-negative ( sp., , , , , ) bacteria and fungi (, , , , , , , ). Particular potency has been discovered against all tested pathogenic bacteria and fungi by compounds and at nanomolar concentrations. Some appropriate effect of thiosulfoesters structure upon their antimicrobial activity was determined.
PubMed: 28344478
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2016.06.007 -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Mar 2019Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) can occur in cases of bacteriuria with species expressing enzymes capable of converting tryptophan metabolites to red and blue pigments...
BACKGROUND
Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) can occur in cases of bacteriuria with species expressing enzymes capable of converting tryptophan metabolites to red and blue pigments which are excreted in urine, leaving a characteristic purple colour. Risk factors include urinary catheterisation, constipation and chronic kidney disease. Treatment includes catheter replacement, and antibiotics in case of urinary tract infection.
CASE PRESENTATION
A man in his 70s with myelodysplastic syndrome, stage 5 chronic kidney disease and chronic indwelling urinary catheterisation due to benign prostatic hyperplasia was admitted for transfusion for symptomatic anaemia. On the second day of hospitalisation, his urine turned purple. There was no sign of transfusion reaction, haemoglobinuria, myoglobinuria or bilirubinuria. Urine cultures were positive for Proteus vulgaris and Enterococcus faecalis, two species associated with PUBS.
INTERPRETATION
The constellation was consistent with PUBS. His bacteriuria was considered colonisation not requiring antibiotic treatment. The catheter was replaced and the urine colour returned to normal.
Topics: Aged; Bacteriuria; Catheter-Related Infections; Enterococcus faecalis; Humans; Male; Proteus vulgaris; Urinary Catheters; Urinary Tract Infections; Urine
PubMed: 30917642
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0677 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2018Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease. The common cause of death in pemphigus is septicemia which is usually secondary to cutaneous bacterial infection.
BACKGROUND
Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease. The common cause of death in pemphigus is septicemia which is usually secondary to cutaneous bacterial infection.
AIM
The aim was to study the cutaneous bacteriological profile in patients with pemphigus.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Pus for culture and sensitivity was collected from clinically infected lesions of pemphigus patients in the Department of Dermatology, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, from June 2013 to June 2014.
RESULTS
Of the 49 patients included in the study, 44 were suffering from pemphigus vulgaris, 4 from pemphigus foliaceus and one had pemphigus vegetans. There were 31 male and 18 female patients. The mean age of the group was 35.51 year. Mean Autoimmune Bullous Disorder Intensity Score was 17.36. About 32.7% were diabetic. About 40.81% showed the growth of , 12.24% of , 6.12% of , 4.08% of β-hemolytic streptococci and nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli, and 2.04% of species, and species. showed 100% sensitivity to antibiotics - tetracycline, amikacin, chloramphenicol, and netilmicin; 90% resistance was found for penicillin and 55% resistance was found for ciprofloxacin and erythromycin. Methicillin-resistant was 30%. showed 100% sensitivity to ciprofloxacin, amikacin, gentamicin, piperacillin, piperacillin + tazobactam, and netilmicin.
CONCLUSION
was the most common organism showing sensitivity to tetracycline, amikacin, chloramphenicol, and netilmicin and resistance to penicillin, ciprofloxacin, and erythromycin.
PubMed: 30078873
DOI: 10.4103/ijd.IJD_152_17 -
International Journal of Biological... May 2022The objectives of this study were (1) to prepare Armillariella tabescens mycelia polysaccharides (PAT) with remarkably growth inhibitory effect on typical food-borne...
The objectives of this study were (1) to prepare Armillariella tabescens mycelia polysaccharides (PAT) with remarkably growth inhibitory effect on typical food-borne pathogenic bacteria using a green and efficient polyamide method and (2) to explore the antibacterial mechanism of PAT for use as a natural antibacterial agent. The sugar and uronic acid contents of PAT were 93.41% and 12.24%, respectively. PAT could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus cells, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 4.0, and 4.0 mg/mL, respectively. Ultra-high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed cell wall and membrane rupture of E. coli treated with PAT. Further, 0.5-4.0 mg/mL PAT was found to significantly (P < 0.01) and concentration-dependently increase the conductivity of the broth, exudation of the intracellular protein, and alkaline phosphatase and β-galactosidase activities. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed morphological changes in E. coli DNA after PAT treatment and intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation; flow cytometry revealed E. coli cell apoptosis. Our findings provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the development of PAT as a natural antibacterial product.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Armillaria; Bacillus subtilis; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Polysaccharides
PubMed: 35318079
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.086 -
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology Jan 2015Tryptophanase (Trpase) is a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme responsible for the production of indole, an important intra- and interspecies signaling molecule...
Tryptophanase (Trpase) is a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme responsible for the production of indole, an important intra- and interspecies signaling molecule in bacteria. In this study, the tnaA gene of Vibrio cholerae coding for VcTrpase was cloned into the pET-20b(+) vector and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) tn5:tnaA. Using Ni(2+)-nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) chromatography, VcTrpase was purified, and it possessed a molecular mass of ∼49 kDa with specific absorption peaks at 330 and 435 nm and a specific activity of 3 U/mg protein. The VcTrpase had an 80 % homology to the Trpase of Haemophilus influenzae and E. coli, but only around 50 % identity to the Trpase of Proteus vulgaris and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The optimum conditions for the enzyme were at pH 9.0 and 45 °C. Recombinant VcTrpase exhibited analogous kinetic reactivity to the EcTrpase with K m and k cat values of 0.612 × 10(-3) M and 5.252 s(-1), respectively. The enzyme catalyzed S-methyl-L-cysteine and S-benzyl-L-cysteine degradation, but not L-phenylalanine and L-serine. Using a site-directed mutagenesis technique, eight residues (Thr52, Tyr74, Arg103, Asp137, Arg230, Lys269, Lys270, and His463) were conserved for maintaining enzyme catalysis. All amino acid substitutions at these sites either eliminated or remarkably diminished Trpase activity. These sites are thus potential targets for the design of drugs to control the V. cholerae Trpase and to further investigate its functions.
Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; Catalysis; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Genetic Vectors; Humans; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Tryptophanase; Vibrio cholerae
PubMed: 25253268
DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1263-x -
Journal of Nepal Health Research Council Jun 2022Urinary tract infection is one of the commonest infectious diseases worldwide. This study was carried out to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of...
BACKGROUND
Urinary tract infection is one of the commonest infectious diseases worldwide. This study was carried out to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria causing urinary tract infection visiting Kathmandu University Hospital.
METHODS
A total of 3,500 urine samples were processed and antibiotic resistance pattern was determined following Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Patients' information was obtained after informed consent.
RESULTS
Total number of samples with positive growth was 434 (12.40%). 331 (76.27%) of the isolates were Escherichia coli followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter species, Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter species. Over all 224 (51.61%) were multidrug resistant strains. All strains were sensitive to colistin, vancomycin and linezolid. Over all ampicillin and cefazolin had least sensitivity. Multidrug resistant strains were detected more among elderly patients with complicated urinary tract infection and diabetes which was 25 (83.33%) compared to elderly patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infection and having no diabetes or any other comorbid illnesses which was only 11(22.22%) (p-value<0.05). 21 (70.00%) of the pregnant females had multidrug resistant isolates and only 18 (36.73%) of pediatric age group patients had multidrug resistant isolates (p-value<0.05) Conclusion: Drug-resistant bacteria were observed in urine samples. Effective treatment and prevention of urinary tract infection need detailed microbiological diagnosis and drug susceptibility testing.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Female; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Nepal; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 35945879
DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v20i01.4142 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2021(Danin and Hedge) Bräuchler is a perennial herb in the Lamiaceae family that was discovered and classified in 1998. This green herb is restricted to the mountains...
(Danin and Hedge) Bräuchler is a perennial herb in the Lamiaceae family that was discovered and classified in 1998. This green herb is restricted to the mountains overlooking the Dead Sea, specifically in Jordan's southwest, the Edom mountains, and the Tubas mountains in Palestine. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of essential oil (EO) of air-dried and fresh resulted in the identification of 30 and 42 phytochemicals accounting for 99.56 and 98.64% of the EO, respectively. Thymol (46.07 ± 1.1 and 40.64 ± 1.21%) was the major compound, followed by its biosynthetic precursors -terpinene (21.15 ± 1.05% and 20.65 ± 1.12%), and -cymene (15.02 ± 1.02% and 11.51 ± 0.97%), respectively. Microdilution assay was used to evaluate the antimicrobial property of EOs against (ATCC 25923), clinical isolate Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA), (ATCC 700221) (ATCC 13883), (ATCC 700221), (ATCC 25922) and (ATCC 27853) and (ATCC-90028). With a MIC of 0.135 μg/mL, the EOs has the most potent antibacterial action against . Both EOs display good antifungal efficacy against , with a MIC value of 0.75 μg/mL, which was better than that of Fluconazole's (positive control, MIC = 1.56 μg/mL). The antioxidant capacity of EOs extracted from air-dried and fresh was determined using the DPPH assay, with IC values of 4.78 ± 0.41 and 5.37 ± 0.40 μg/mL, respectively. The tested EOs showed significant cytotoxicity against Hela, HepG2, and COLO-205 cells, with IC values ranging from 82 ± 0.98 to 256 ± 1.95 μg/mL. The current work shows there is a possibility to use the EOs for various applications.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Antioxidants; Candida albicans; Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; Cymenes; Enterococcus faecium; Escherichia coli; Free Radical Scavengers; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Oils, Volatile; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Proteus vulgaris; Satureja; Staphylococcal Infections; Thymol
PubMed: 35011355
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010125 -
Archives of Microbiology Jul 2022There is an urgent need to develop natural antimicrobials for the control of rapidly mutating drug-resistant bacteria and poultry viruses. Five extracts were prepared...
There is an urgent need to develop natural antimicrobials for the control of rapidly mutating drug-resistant bacteria and poultry viruses. Five extracts were prepared using diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, methanol, 1-butanol and n-hexane from abdominal fats of Varanus griseus locally known as Indian desert monitor. Antibacterial, antioxidant and antiviral activities from oil extracts were done through disc diffusion method, stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay and in ovo antiviral assay, respectively. The gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were used to determine principal active compounds and chemical profile of each oil extract. n-Hexane extract showed clear zones of inhibition (ZOI) against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (12 ± 0.5 mm, 9 ± 0.5 mm, and 9 ± 0.5 mm) while diethyl ether extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity (11 ± 0.5 mm) against Proteus vulgaris only. In case of drug-resistant strains, methanol extract was active (6 ± 0.5 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus, whereas n-hexane extract has shown ZOI 11 ± 0.5 mm against P. aeruginosa. Range of percentage scavenging activity of V. griseus oil extracts from DPPH free radical assay was 34.9-70.7%. For antiviral potential, growth of new castle disease virus (NDV) was effectively inhibited by all five extracts (HA titer = 0-4). The highest antiviral activity against avian influenza virus (H9N2) was observed from methanol, diethyl ether and 1-Butanol oil extracts with HA titers of 2, 2 and 0, respectively. Methanol, diethyl ether, 1-butanol and n-hexane oil extracts produced best hemagglutination assay (HA) titer values (0, 0, 4 and 0) against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Ethyl acetate and 1-Butanol extract exhibited good antiviral potential against infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) with indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) titers of 8 and 4, respectively. Main classes of identified compounds through gas chromatography were aldehydes, fatty acids, phenols and esters. GC-MS identified 11 bioactive compounds in V. griseus oil extracts. It is summarized that V. griseus oil has strong antioxidant activity and good antimicrobial potential because of its bioactive compounds.
Topics: 1-Butanol; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Antioxidants; Antiviral Agents; Ether; Free Radicals; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype; Methanol; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 35904606
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03138-8