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Plants (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2021Laxm. is used in traditional medicine and has various established biological activities, however, the species is considered to be a potentially invasive alien tree...
Laxm. is used in traditional medicine and has various established biological activities, however, the species is considered to be a potentially invasive alien tree species for Bulgarian flora. However, there is still much to be studied about the phytochemical and biological characteristics of the species. The present study aimed to determine the chemical composition of the ethanol extracts of aerial plant parts, by GC-MS analysis, and to thereby evaluate their in vitro antitumor and antibacterial properties. All three extracts were tested against the HT-29 and PC3 tumor cell lines using the MTT assay. Fifty-six components were identified from leaf, flower, and stem bark extracts, and over 10% were the following constituents: pyrogallol, -terpinyl acetate, neryl acetate, and -terpinyl isobutanoate. The oxygenated monoterpenes predominated in the extracts, followed by the oxygenated aliphatics and phenylpropanoids. Significant antiproliferative activity on the HT-29 cell line (IC-21.44 µg/mL and 23.63 µg/mL, respectively) was found for the flower and leaf extracts. Antibacterial activity was established for the following bacteria strains: ATCC 6633, NCTC 10320, ATCC 8739, ATCC 6027, and ATCC 6380. The stem bark and flower extracts showed better antimicrobial potential. could be considered as a potential source of biologically active substances with antitumor and antibacterial properties.
PubMed: 34961185
DOI: 10.3390/plants10122715 -
Food Chemistry May 2021In last ten years, much attention focused on tree peony fruit (TPF) for edible oil production despite other potential utilization. The present study identified and...
In last ten years, much attention focused on tree peony fruit (TPF) for edible oil production despite other potential utilization. The present study identified and quantified 29 bioactive components by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QqQ-MS) targeted approach during the development of TPF. Trans-resveratrol, benzoic acid, luteolin, and methyl gallate were selected as predominant chemical markers between seeds and pods through principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Extremely high levels of paeoniflorin (1893 mg/100 g) and trans-resveratrol (1793 mg/100 g) were observed at stage 2 (S2) and S6 in seeds, respectively. Antioxidant activities determined by ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays showed significant correlations with total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). The strongest antibacterial effects of pod and seed against Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus vulgaris occurred at initial stages and maturation stages. TPF could be a potential source of bioactive compounds with functional properties.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antioxidants; Chromatography, Liquid; Flavonoids; Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching; Fruit; Least-Squares Analysis; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Paeonia; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Proteus vulgaris; Seeds; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 33131958
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128444 -
Metabolites Aug 2022Oyster mushrooms form an integral part of many diets owing to their characteristic aroma, delicious taste and nutraceutical value. In this study, we examined oyster...
Oyster mushrooms form an integral part of many diets owing to their characteristic aroma, delicious taste and nutraceutical value. In this study, we examined oyster mushrooms by direct arc optical emission spectroscopy for the presence of various biologically important elements. Furthermore, we screened phytochemicals present in by applying GC-MS. Additionally, the antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities of the ethanolic extract of were studied. Moreover, we docked the phytochemicals and examined their binding affinities with EGFR, PR and NF-κB proteins, which are overexpressed in breast cancer. The elemental analysis showed the presence of Fe, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Cr and Sr in the spectrum. Moreover, GC-MS data revealed the presence of 32 biologically active compounds in oyster mushrooms. The ethanolic extract displayed remarkable free radical scavenging activity (~50%) against DPPH. The mushroom has shown promising antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive () and Gram-negative bacteria (, and ). The present study also revealed that oyster mushrooms possess significant anticancer activity. The ethanolic extract inhibited the growth and proliferation of MCF-7 cells. It also induced cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing and nuclear fragmentation, resulting in apoptosis of malignant cells. The molecular docking analysis showed that ligand 15 (Linoleic acid ethyl ester), ligand 27 (Ergosta-5,7,9(11),22-tetraen-3-ol, (3. beta.,22E), ligand 28 (Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol, acetate, (3. beta.,22Z), ligand 30 (Ergosta-5,7,22-Trien-3-Ol, (3. Beta.,22E) and ligand 32 (gamma. Sitosterol) exhibited better binding affinities with EGFR, PR and NF-κB proteins. This result provides a strong ground for confirmation of the in vitro anticancer effect of . From the present in vitro and in silico studies, it can be concluded that is a useful source of essential elements and reservoir of bioactive compounds which confer its significant antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer properties.
PubMed: 36144225
DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090821 -
Therapeutic Delivery May 2022The current study is focused on the development of water-soluble wound dressings, which are potential dressings for the treatment of burn wounds. Sodium alginate-based...
The current study is focused on the development of water-soluble wound dressings, which are potential dressings for the treatment of burn wounds. Sodium alginate-based dissolvable wound dressings were prepared and loaded with silver nanoparticles and various antibiotics (ampicillin and ciprofloxacin) followed by characterization and antibacterial studies. The prepared sodium alginate-based dissolvable wound dressing exhibited good porosity, water uptake and moisture content, promising antibacterial activity, high absorption capacity of simulated wound exudates, excellent water vapor transmission rate in the range of 2000 to 5000 g/m day, sustained drug-release profiles and water solubility. The wound dressings were active against and strains of bacteria. The results obtained revealed the wound dressing as potential wound dressings for burn wounds and sensitive skin.
Topics: Alginates; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bandages; Burns; Ciprofloxacin; Escherichia coli; Humans; Metal Nanoparticles; Silver
PubMed: 35924677
DOI: 10.4155/tde-2021-0087 -
Recent Patents on Inflammation &... 2016Immunity related disorder is one of the leading causes of disease in the world. Oxidative stress and microbial infections play a major role in inflammation-induced... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
CONTEXT
Immunity related disorder is one of the leading causes of disease in the world. Oxidative stress and microbial infections play a major role in inflammation-induced diseases. Bovine colostrum (BC) contains immunoglobulins and lactoferrins which help in building the immunity and protect against the bacterial proliferation and growth.
AIM
This study was designed to investigate the antimicrobial and antiinflammatory activities of BC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Antimicrobial activity was determined by the pour-plate method using five different strains of bacteria (Gram -ve and +ve), and carrageenan-induced rat paw edema method was used for the evaluation of antiinflammatory activity in adult Wistar rats. Diclofenac was used as standard antiinflammatory drug, and amoxicillin was used as standard antimicrobial agent.
RESULTS
BC showed significant antimicrobial activity against Escherichia. coli, Staphylococcus. aureus, Proteus. vulgaris, Enterobacter. aerogenes and Salmonella. typhi. At 100 µg/mL of BC, the inhibition zones were found to be 13mm, 11mm, 12mm, 12mm, and 11mm, respectively. The BC zones were comparatively smaller than those of amoxicillin at 10µg/mL, where the inhibition zones were 16mm, 30mm, 23mm, 22mm and 23mm, respectively. In the BC treated animals, the percentage edema inhibition was found to be 67.94% at the third hour, suggesting high antiinflammatory activity of BC in rats.
CONCLUSION
BC may be beneficial in reducing the risks of inflammation associated diseases. Further studies are needed before BC can be recommended for therapeutic interventions in humans.
Topics: Amoxicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bacteria; Carrageenan; Cattle; Colostrum; Diclofenac; Disease Models, Animal; Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; Edema; Inflammation; Rats, Wistar
PubMed: 26899853
DOI: 10.2174/1872214810666160219163118 -
Letters in Applied Microbiology Feb 2023One of the most common causes of urinary tract infections (UTIs) is Proteus species. Because there is little information on the pathogenicity of Proteus species isolated...
One of the most common causes of urinary tract infections (UTIs) is Proteus species. Because there is little information on the pathogenicity of Proteus species isolated from Iran, we assessed their virulence characteristics and antibiotic resistance in this study. In Shahrekord, Iran, 260 isolates of Proteus causing UTIs were identified from patients. Polymerase chain reaction for gene amplification was used to determine virulence features and antibiotic resistance gene distribution in uropathogenic Proteus spp. After biochemical and molecular analysis, 72 (27.69%) of the 260 collected samples were recognized as Proteus mirabilis, and 127 (48.84%) specimens were Pr. vulgaris in both male and female forms. A significant interaction effect between Pr. mirabilis and Pr. vulgaris infections and the sex of patients was seen in both the male and female groups. No statistically significant difference was observed between Pr. mirabilis infection and season in different year seasons. However, in different seasons of the year, a statistically significant difference was observed between infection with Pr. vulgaris in autumn and other seasons. There was a considerable difference between Pr. mirabilis and Pr. vulgaris infections at different ages in various age groups. As people aged, infections occurred more frequently. Fim,pap,kspMT, and set1 genes had the highest expression in both Pr. vulgaris and Pr. mirabilis. Also, the highest rate of antibiotic resistance of Pr. vulgaris and Pr. mirabilis is attributed to the high expression of aac(3)-IV,tet(A), and blaSHV genes. In conclusion, identifying these genes as the key controllers of Proteus virulence factors might help with better infection management.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Aged; Virulence Factors; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Proteus Infections; Proteus; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 36715324
DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovac043 -
Enzyme and Microbial Technology Oct 2022Regarding the existence of similar helices on the structure of different proteins, recently, novel variants of Chondroitinase ABC I (cABC I) have been constructed, where...
Regarding the existence of similar helices on the structure of different proteins, recently, novel variants of Chondroitinase ABC I (cABC I) have been constructed, where a representative helix between two structural motifs in Chondroitinase ABC I from Proteus vulgaris has been replaced by similar versions of helices found in other proteins. The previous study has revealed that the structural features and the activity of double mutants M886A/G887E (inspired by the 30 S ribosomal protein S1 from Geminocystis herdmanii) and M889I/Q891K (inspired by the chondroitin lyase from Proteus mirabilis) is comparable with that of wild-type (WT) cABC I. Here, the kinetic parameters of the enzyme activity for the WT and double mutants were determined. Of the recombinant double mutants, M889I/Q891K gave the highest catalytic efficiency with the k/K value of approximately 2.3-fold increase, as compared with the WT and M886A/G887E. Modeling of experimental data showed that the mechanism of the heat-induced structural alteration, and the enzyme-substrate complex formation, changed upon mutation. These natural versions of the connecting helix can be used as an efficient linker in protein engineering studies as well as those investigations involving the use of biological linkers.
Topics: Catalysis; Chondroitin ABC Lyase; Kinetics; Protein Engineering; Proteus vulgaris
PubMed: 35689963
DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110073 -
Biotechnology Letters Jul 2018To develop a new and efficient biocatalytic synthesis method of imidazole-4-acetic acid (IAA) from L-histidine (L-His).
OBJECTIVE
To develop a new and efficient biocatalytic synthesis method of imidazole-4-acetic acid (IAA) from L-histidine (L-His).
RESULTS
L-His was converted to imidazole-4-pyruvic acid (IPA) by an Escherichia coli whole-cell biocatalyst expressing membrane-bound L-amino acid deaminase (mL-AAD) from Proteus vulgaris firstly. The obtained IPA was subsequently decarboxylated to IAA under the action of HO. Under optimum conditions, 34.97 mM IAA can be produced from 50 mM L-His, with a yield of 69.9%.
CONCLUSIONS
Compared to the traditional chemical synthesis, this biocatalytic method for IAA production is not only environmentally friendly, but also more cost effective, thus being promising for industrial IAA production.
Topics: Amidohydrolases; Bacterial Proteins; Biocatalysis; Biotechnology; Escherichia coli; Fermentation; Histidine; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Imidazoles; Proteus vulgaris; Pyruvates; Temperature
PubMed: 29796898
DOI: 10.1007/s10529-018-2569-5 -
Germs Mar 2023Infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) and AmpC-β-lactamase (AmpC-βL)-producers are...
Enterobacteriaceae isolates from clinical and household tap water samples: antibiotic resistance, screening for extended-spectrum, metallo- and ampC-beta-lactamases, and detection of and in Uyo, Nigeria.
INTRODUCTION
Infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) and AmpC-β-lactamase (AmpC-βL)-producers are increasing globally. This study identified bacteria in clinical and tap water samples and determined the prevalence of MDR, and β-lactamase enzymes and genes.
METHODS
Isolates were identified by the Vitek 2 (bioMérieux, France) automated system. Antibiotic resistance and screening for β-lactamase enzymes and genes was done using disc diffusion method and Vitek 2 automated system, CHROMagar-ESBL, combined double disc, inhibition-based method and multiplex polymerase chain reaction, respectively.
RESULTS
The Enterobacteriaceae isolates obtained were , , spp., , , , , , , and . Of the 674 isolates from clinical samples, 36.5%, 28.5%, and 19.9% were ESBL, MBL, and AmpC-βL producers, respectively. A low prevalence of AmpC-βL and MBL producers were obtained, with no significant difference (p<0.05) between the prevalence of ESBL and non-ESBL producers. Isolates exhibited varied levels of resistance to gentamicin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline. The results showed that 54.6% of ESBL producers, 57.9% of MBL producers, and 62.8% of AmpC-βL producers were MDR strains. Of the 141 representative isolates tested, 36.9%, 15.6%, and 20.6% had only , , and , respectively; 5.7% possessed both and ; 7.1% possessed both and and 4.3% had both and .
CONCLUSIONS
This study found a high prevalence of β-lactamase producers, indicating the need for further research on the molecular epidemiology of β-lactamase producers and their impacts in the region.
PubMed: 38023952
DOI: 10.18683/germs.2023.1366 -
The Journal of Antibiotics Oct 2023A new peptide, emblestatin (1), was discovered from a culture broth of Embleya scabrispora K20-0267. This strain was isolated from soil using an agar medium containing...
A new peptide, emblestatin (1), was discovered from a culture broth of Embleya scabrispora K20-0267. This strain was isolated from soil using an agar medium containing lysozyme. Based on NMR and mass spectrometric analyses, 1 consists of 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxazoline, β-alanine, glutamine, N-methyl-N-hydroxyornithine and 3-amino-1-hydroxy-2-piperidone moieties. Further analysis using the advanced Marfey's method revealed that all amino acids with the stereogenic α-carbon in 1 had the L configuration. Compound 1 exhibited iron chelating activity and weak antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris and Staphylococcus aureus.
PubMed: 37468747
DOI: 10.1038/s41429-023-00645-8