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British Journal of Community Nursing Apr 2018The education sector faces major challenges in providing learning experiences so that newly qualified nurses feel adequately prepared to work in a community setting....
The education sector faces major challenges in providing learning experiences so that newly qualified nurses feel adequately prepared to work in a community setting. With this in mind, higher education institutions need to develop more innovative ways to deliver the community-nurse experience to student nurses. This paper presents and explores how simulation provides an opportunity for educators to support and evaluate student performance in an environment that models a complete patient encounter in the community. Following the simulation, evaluative data were collated and the answers analysed to identify key recommendations.
Topics: Adult; Clinical Competence; Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; Female; Humans; Male; Nurses, Community Health; Qualitative Research; Role Playing; Simulation Training; Students, Nursing; United Kingdom; Young Adult
PubMed: 29633877
DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2018.23.4.174 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2020Psychodrama is an effective psychotherapeutic model but interventions with adolescents require age-tailored techniques that maximize engagement and facilitate...
Psychodrama is an effective psychotherapeutic model but interventions with adolescents require age-tailored techniques that maximize engagement and facilitate communication processes. This study describes a novel adaptation of a therapeutic mask technique to psychodrama with adolescents. Over the course of eight group sessions of psychodrama, five adolescents (16 to 18 years-old) created their own mask and explored its therapeutic use. Their experiences were captured at the end of each session with the Helpful Aspects of Therapy (HAT) form, and at the end of the study with the Clinical Change Interview (CCI). Awareness/insight/self-understanding, empowerment and relief were the most significant aspects experienced by the adolescents, along with perceived increase of calmness and world connection, satisfaction in interpersonal communication and better emotional expression and regulation. The mask technique was experienced as a playful and engaging task that facilitated insight and interpersonal communication. Findings provide preliminary evidence on the clinical utility of mask-based psychodrama with adolescents.
PubMed: 33510672
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.588877 -
Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2023The present study investigated the effects of a hybrid online course on a group of Italian Master's degree students involved in a European Erasmus+ project. The course...
The present study investigated the effects of a hybrid online course on a group of Italian Master's degree students involved in a European Erasmus+ project. The course was composed of nine modules about death education, palliative psychology and the use of creative arts therapies-such as psychodrama, intermodal psychodrama and photovoice-in the end-of-life-field. The project involved 64 students in the experimental group (who attended the course) and 56 students as the control group. Both groups completed an online questionnaire before and after the delivery of the course and 10 students from the experimental group participated in a focus group at the end of the course. The quantitative analysis revealed that the experimental group students showed lesser levels of perception of death as annihilation, fear of the death and death avoidance, while they increased their levels of death acceptance, creative self-efficacy and attitude toward the care of the dying. Qualitative analysis identified three main themes: the positive impact of the course on death education and end-of-life care; the role of art therapies on death and end-of-life care; and the unhelpful facets of the course. Overall, this intervention changed the perception and the feelings of the students regarding the themes of death and palliative psychology and increased their creative self-efficacy and their interest in working in an end-of-life field.
PubMed: 36829411
DOI: 10.3390/bs13020182 -
Evolutionary Psychology : An... 2022Sex differences in the use of competitive tactics have been well established. Although many factors may contribute to these sex differences, according to social role...
Sex differences in the use of competitive tactics have been well established. Although many factors may contribute to these sex differences, according to social role theory (SRT), stereotypes and expectations about men's and women's typical social roles are crucial. We addressed the potential impact of social roles by studying massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs), a setting where individuals represent themselves with avatars and thus enjoy the opportunity to compete without regard to the typical expectations and behaviors associated with men's and women's roles. We surveyed players via MTurk (63 women, 191 men) and Reddit (166 women, 1,326 men) regarding their frequency of engaging in five competitive behaviors and the sex and role of their primary avatar. As expected, there were reliable sex differences in competitiveness: men were more likely than women to engage in player-versus-player duels (MTurk = 0.19; Reddit = 0.51), do solo runs of difficult content (0.30, 0.35), and work to acquire expensive items (0.32, 0.19); women were more likely than men to seek in-game awards (-0.38, -0.36) and spend real-world money on expensive microtransactions (-0.16, -0.27). Contrary to SRT, these sex differences in forms of competitive behavior were generally unrelated to players' chosen avatar sex or avatar role. These results instead indicate that sex differences in competitiveness largely reflect evolved predispositions.
Topics: Female; Humans; Internet; Male; Role Playing; Sex Characteristics; Surveys and Questionnaires; Video Games
PubMed: 35733406
DOI: 10.1177/14747049221109388 -
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology :... Oct 2022This study was designed to examine the potential benefit of the addition of psychodrama classes to antenatal education as a new technique to address fear of childbirth.... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
This study was designed to examine the potential benefit of the addition of psychodrama classes to antenatal education as a new technique to address fear of childbirth. This was a randomised controlled trial. A total of 150 women were initially enrolled in two groups. Psychodrama sessions were added to standard antenatal education in the experiment group. The control group participated only in routine antenatal education classes. Birth outcomes and fear of childbirth were measured and analysed to assess the impact. The analysis was completed with an experimental group of 50 women and a control group of 49 women. At the conclusion of the training, it was observed that there was a greater decrease in fear of childbirth in the experiment group than in the control group. Additionally, in the postpartum period, the experimental group had a higher rate of vaginal childbirth and a shorter childbirth time than the control group. Psychodrama may be an effective means of reducing fear of childbirth and reduced caesarean section childbirth. Psychoeducation should be added antenatal education programs. Thus, it may represent an important tool in the efforts to improve maternal mental health and also provide broader social benefits.IMPACT STATEMENT Studies examining means to reduce fear of childbirth have found that psychoanalysis, cognitive behavioural therapy, eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing, haptotherapy and art therapy were useful. Psychodrama as a new intervention may be beneficial decreased of fear of childbirth, increased of normal birth rate and at improving the experience of pregnancy and childbirth. Protecting and caring for the mental health of the mother and child benefits the entire community. It has been reported that 1 in 5 mothers experience psychiatric difficulties during the postpartum period, and 7 of 10 do not receive treatment, which has a negative impact on the mother, the child and family. Assesment of the mental health of women during the postpartum period is not regularly performed in many countries and women are frequently left to struggle on their own. The identification of pregnant women who have a high fear of childbirth and who are at risk of developing a psychiatric disorder by nurses is an important element of providing of appropriate, high-quality care.
Topics: Child; Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Cesarean Section; Parturition; Delivery, Obstetric; Fear; Psychodrama
PubMed: 36018050
DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2022.2114329 -
Dementia (London, England) May 2022COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns created a global public health crisis generating mental health problems including social isolation, stress, and anxiety...
COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns created a global public health crisis generating mental health problems including social isolation, stress, and anxiety especially for persons with dementia and their carers. This article reports on the use of digital technology to maintain social connectivity via a virtual group session that focused on the topic of "what is home." Participants in this session included 16 day-care center clients representing an immigrant community identified with mild to moderate cognitive impairment. A trained psychodrama therapist conducted the virtual group meeting based on five key techniques: spectrogram, role reversal, doubling, mirroring, and soliloquy. The NVivo software was used for the qualitative analysis of the transcribed video recording to identify key themes based on grounded theory methodology. Zooming from home, clients engaged in significant social interaction. Findings of the NVivo analysis identified the following themes of "what is home": Emotions and home, Home is family, Home is community, and Reminiscence (with objects and traditions). Findings suggest that digital interactive technologies, like Zoom, enhance social connectivity thus mitigating the negative impact of social isolation for persons with dementia especially during pandemic lockdowns. Our pilot findings based on virtual group meetings from home demonstrate that participants can express significant emotive capacity and enhanced connectivity with one another despite a diagnosis of mild to moderate dementia. While larger studies are needed to confirm these findings, we suggest that this methodology may be used to support persons with dementia not only in times of pandemics but also as an addition to other community and home care services. Changes in reimbursement policies to include these innovative home services may be helpful in building more resilient communities for the more highly vulnerable populations.
Topics: COVID-19; Caregivers; Communicable Disease Control; Dementia; Humans; Pandemics; Psychodrama; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 35236150
DOI: 10.1177/14713012221074484 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2021Empirical studies in the creative arts therapies (CATs; i.e., art therapy, dance/movement therapy, drama therapy, music therapy, psychodrama, and poetry/bibliotherapy)...
Empirical studies in the creative arts therapies (CATs; i.e., art therapy, dance/movement therapy, drama therapy, music therapy, psychodrama, and poetry/bibliotherapy) have grown rapidly in the last 10 years, documenting their positive impact on a wide range of psychological and physiological outcomes (e.g., stress, trauma, depression, anxiety, and pain). However, it remains unclear and the CATs have positive effects, and which therapeutic factors account for these changes. Research that specifically focuses on the therapeutic factors and/or mechanisms of change in CATs is only beginning to emerge. To gain more insight into how and why the CATs influence outcomes, we conducted a scoping review ( = 67) to pinpoint therapeutic factors specific to each CATs discipline, joint factors of CATs, and more generic common factors across all psychotherapy approaches. This review therefore provides an overview of empirical CATs studies dealing with therapeutic factors and/or mechanisms of change, and a detailed analysis of these therapeutic factors which are grouped into domains. A framework of 19 domains of CATs therapeutic factors is proposed, of which the three domains are composed solely of factors unique to the CATs: "embodiment," "concretization," and "symbolism and metaphors." The terminology used in change process research is clarified, and the implications for future research, clinical practice, and CATs education are discussed.
PubMed: 34366998
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.678397 -
Revue de L'infirmiere Nov 2019Role-playing between peers is a pedagogical approach frequently used in training, including for student nurses. As the size of the group has been identified as... (Review)
Review
Role-playing between peers is a pedagogical approach frequently used in training, including for student nurses. As the size of the group has been identified as potentially influencing this practice, a into the effects of role-playing in sub-groups of students on the development of relational attitudes and techniques.
Topics: Aptitude; Humans; Peer Group; Role Playing; Students, Nursing
PubMed: 31757330
DOI: 10.1016/j.revinf.2019.09.011 -
MedEdPORTAL : the Journal of Teaching... May 2021Obtaining informed consent (IC) is an essential medical practice. Utilization of IC role-playing training with medication study cards and self-peer-supervisor review...
INTRODUCTION
Obtaining informed consent (IC) is an essential medical practice. Utilization of IC role-playing training with medication study cards and self-peer-supervisor review should improve student fund of knowledge and strengthen IC skills for clerkship-level medical students.
METHODS
Between 2017 and 2020, approximately 555 clerkship medical students used our formative role-playing exercise tools. Students independently prepared psychotropic medication study cards and role-played IC during group didactics. Peer and supervisor reviews were not recorded but were discussed as a group. Students completed routine anonymous postclerkship surveys regarding the IC exercise. An enhanced IC curriculum was deployed in 2020, adding a training video and peer/supervisor feedback form. Student feedback and specialty shelf exam scores were reviewed to assess the exercise's effectiveness.
RESULTS
Surveys indicated satisfaction with the exercise and increased confidence in obtaining IC. Interestingly, the student group that received enhanced IC training had fewer shelf exam failures than those without, perhaps indicating improved fund of psychotropic medication knowledge.
DISCUSSION
Peer role-playing IC training is well accepted by students, allows practice of essential elements of IC and shared decision-making, and provides an engaging way to improve medication fund of knowledge. Our clerkship has initiated development of an IC objective structured clinical examination station and is adapting the exercise across specialties for longitudinal learning in response to the positive feedback and ease of use. Structured review of psychotropics and peer IC role-playing can be tailored for other specialties, medications, and procedures and further developed for use in pre- and postclerkship education.
Topics: Clinical Clerkship; Curriculum; Humans; Informed Consent; Role Playing; Students, Medical
PubMed: 34013021
DOI: 10.15766/mep_2374-8265.11152 -
Australasian Psychiatry : Bulletin of... Feb 2016In this article, the author uses the leitmotifs inherent in a critically acclaimed film and in the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas as a backdrop for discussion around how...
OBJECTIVE
In this article, the author uses the leitmotifs inherent in a critically acclaimed film and in the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas as a backdrop for discussion around how we encounter the humanity in the Other and its particular relevance for psychiatry. She proceeds to describe the existential underpinnings of psychodrama and demonstrates how she has been directing a psychodrama group, 'Theatre of Life', which has been operating for well over a decade within a public mental health system, acute inpatient unit. Through the ensuing discussion, she illustrates how the humanistic ethic of 'welcoming the Other' is actualised in the 'here-and now' of the psychodrama group psychotherapy process.
CONCLUSIONS
A thematic analysis derived from group-members' evaluation of each session illuminates their felt sense depicting the ethic in action.
Topics: Group Processes; Humans; Inpatients; Psychodrama
PubMed: 26503969
DOI: 10.1177/1039856215612990