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International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2021: International clinical practice guidelines highlight the importance of improving the psychological and mental health care of patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus... (Review)
Review
: International clinical practice guidelines highlight the importance of improving the psychological and mental health care of patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Psychological interventions can promote adherence to the demands of diabetes self-care, promoting high quality of life and wellbeing. : A systematic review was carried out to determine whether psychological treatments with a specific focus on emotional management have an impact on glycemic control and variables related to psychological adjustment. Comprehensive literature searches of PubMed Medline, Psycinfo, Cochrane Database, Web of Science, and Open Grey Repository databases were conducted, from inception to November 2019 and were last updated in December 2020. Finally, eight articles met inclusion criteria. : Results showed that the management of emotions was effective in improving the psychological adjustment of patients with T1DM when carried out by psychologists. However, the evidence regarding the improvement of glycemic control was not entirely clear. When comparing adolescent and adult populations, findings yielded slightly better results in adolescents. : More rigorous studies are needed to establish what emotional interventions might increase glycemic control in this population.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Emotional Adjustment; Humans; Psychotropic Drugs; Quality of Life
PubMed: 34682687
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010940 -
Games For Health Journal Apr 2018Emotion regulation (ER) supports multiple individual functions and promotes mental health and wellbeing. Among the tools that may be used to help people in managing... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Emotion regulation (ER) supports multiple individual functions and promotes mental health and wellbeing. Among the tools that may be used to help people in managing their affective states, videogames are reaching attention and are showing positive effects. Yet, little is known about their effectiveness.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to assess the amount and quality of studies investigating the effects and modalities of the use of videogames for ER.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic literature search according to PRISMA guidelines was performed. Subsequently, according to expert advice other few studies have been added.
RESULTS
Twenty-three studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review; they can be categorized into three groups, namely (1) cross-sectional and qualitative studies, (2) experimental studies investigating the effects of videogame experience on ER and (3) ER intervention with serious games.
DISCUSSION
Discussion of the reviewed studies highlights that frequent gaming with commercial games offers more opportunities for ER improvement (related to gameplay and enjoyment of fictional properties) than limited-time experiences, such as those supported by bespoke serious games. This research area is still in its infancy and findings need to be interpreted with caution; furthermore, future reviews are encouraged to include clinical populations.
CONCLUSION
Videogames offer several opportunities for ER and a challenge for educational and psychological interventions.
Topics: Emotional Adjustment; Humans; Video Games
PubMed: 29424555
DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2017.0108 -
Revista Latino-americana de Enfermagem 2024the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between death distress, psychological adjustment, optimism, pessimism and perceived stress among nurses working...
OBJECTIVE
the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between death distress, psychological adjustment, optimism, pessimism and perceived stress among nurses working during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHOD
this study was designed as cross-sectional/cohort. The population of the study involved 408 nurses from Northern Cyprus, which are registered as full members of the Nurse Council. The sample comprised 214 nurses, who volunteered to participate in the study. The study data was collected using a web-based online survey (Demographic form, the Coronavirus Stress Measure, The Optimism and Pessimism Questionnaire, The Brief Adjustment Scale-6, The Death Distress Scale).
RESULTS
the results indicated that perceived stress significantly and negatively predicted optimism (β = -0.21, p < 0.001) and pessimism (β = 0.38, p < 0.001). Perceived stress had significant and positive predictive effects on psychological adjustment (β = 0.31, p < 0.001) and death distress (β = 0.17, p < 0.01). Further analysis results revealed that pessimism mediates the association of stress with psychological adjustment and death distress; however, optimism only mediates the effect of stress on psychological adjustment among nurses.
CONCLUSION
a low level of pessimism is effective in strengthening nurses' psychological adjustment skills againt perceived stress and death distress. Nurses should consider behavioral strategies to help reduce the level of pessimism during periods such as pandemics.
BACKGROUND
(1) High levels of perceived stress increased higher score of psychological adjustment. (2) Pessimism mediates the association of stress with adjustment and death distress. (3) Optimism only mediates the effect of stress on psychological adjustment among nurses.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Cross-Sectional Studies; Optimism; Female; Adult; Male; Pessimism; Middle Aged; Pandemics; Emotional Adjustment; Nurses; Cyprus; Attitude to Death; Adaptation, Psychological; Cohort Studies; Stress, Psychological; Psychological Distress; SARS-CoV-2; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult
PubMed: 38695430
DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.7068.4173 -
Journal of Adolescence Apr 2022Adolescents with an immigrant background, whether first-generation (born abroad) or second-generation (at least one parent born abroad), face challenges that could...
INTRODUCTION
Adolescents with an immigrant background, whether first-generation (born abroad) or second-generation (at least one parent born abroad), face challenges that could compromise their psychological adjustment compared to their third-plus generation peers. Yet, many are developing positively despite the presence of adversity. To understand what contributes to these adolescents' resilience, it can be useful to study the coping strategies they use.
METHODS
A total of 1036 Canadian secondary school students participated in this quantitative cross-sectional study (M = 12.9; 56% females; 26% first-generation; 34% second generation; 39% third-plus generation). Coping strategies (coping orientation to problems experienced inventory) were assessed and their differentiated associations with self-esteem, anxiety (Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders), and depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) were analyzed through path analysis and invariance testing.
RESULTS
First-generation adolescents reported more acceptance/reinterpretation and substance use than second- and third-plus generation adolescents. First- and second-generation adolescents reported using religion more than third-plus generation adolescents. First-generation adolescents used self-distraction more often than second-generation adolescents, who used it more often than third-plus generation. The use of humor was more prevalent in second-generation adolescents compared with their third-plus generation peers. In addition, some associations between coping strategies and psychological adjustment differed across generations. In first-generation adolescents, behavioral disengagement was significantly associated with fewer anxiety symptoms. The same trend was observed in second-generation adolescents who used self-distraction. These avoidant strategies are generally associated with poor psychological adjustment.
CONCLUSIONS
This study adds new knowledge about differences across generations in the coping strategies used by adolescents to deal with stress. Further practical implications are discussed.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Anxiety; Canada; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Emotional Adjustment; Female; Humans; Male; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 35390195
DOI: 10.1002/jad.12040 -
Applied Psychology. Health and... Nov 2023This follow-up study aimed to analyze the protective role of positivity and coping strategies on the well-being and psychological distress levels reported during... (Review)
Review
This follow-up study aimed to analyze the protective role of positivity and coping strategies on the well-being and psychological distress levels reported during Portugal's first and third waves of COVID-19. The total sample consisted of 135 participants (82.0% women) with ages ranging from 20 to 72 years (M = 39.29, SD = 11.46). Results suggested a significant decrease in well-being levels but no changes in psychological distress were observed. Positivity was a strong and significant predictor of well-being and psychological distress during the pandemic crisis. Among the set of strategies used by individuals at the first wave, denial, self-blame, and self-distraction predicted a poorer adaptation with more significant mental health impairment, with self-blame standing out as the most harmful. This study highlighted the key role of positivity in adjusting to the current pandemic crisis and the lasting detrimental impact of specific coping strategies.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Emotional Adjustment; COVID-19; Follow-Up Studies; Pandemics; Portugal; Adaptation, Psychological
PubMed: 37321921
DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12462 -
Orvosi Hetilap Sep 2015Rehabilitation of lower limb amputees and the fitting of their prosthesis depend highly on the psychological adjustment process and motivational state of the patient.... (Review)
Review
Rehabilitation of lower limb amputees and the fitting of their prosthesis depend highly on the psychological adjustment process and motivational state of the patient. The loss of a limb is extremely challenging and can cause various physical and psychological problems. Depression, anxiety, decreased well-being and quality of life, body image dissatisfaction and changes in self-concept and identity are frequent after lower limb amputation. In the interest of adjustment patients have to cope with the emerging changes and difficulties in their lifes as well as the problems in psychological functioning. It is important for them to accept the alterations in their body and identity, and integrate them in a new self-concept in which process motivation is a fundamental issue. The aim of this article is to review the literature on psychological consequences of lower limb amputation, and to propose an integrative way of rehabilitation for lower limb amputees.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Amputation, Surgical; Amputees; Anxiety; Body Image; Depression; Emotional Adjustment; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Lower Extremity; Quality of Life; Self Concept; Social Identification; Social Support
PubMed: 26550913
DOI: 10.1556/650.2015.30257 -
Cancer Medicine Feb 2022Demoralisation is a clinically significant problem among cancer patients with a prevalence of 13%-18%. It is defined by difficulty in adjusting to a stressor, wherein...
BACKGROUND
Demoralisation is a clinically significant problem among cancer patients with a prevalence of 13%-18%. It is defined by difficulty in adjusting to a stressor, wherein the person feels trapped in their predicament and experiences helplessness, hopelessness, loss of confidence and loss of meaning in life. Demoralisation has a strong link with the desire for hastened death and suicidal ideation among the medically ill. This study explored whether a group of symptoms could be identified, distinct from depression, but consistent with adjustment difficulties with demoralisation and linked to ideation of death and suicide.
METHODS
Exploratory Graph Analysis, a network psychometrics technique, was conducted on a large German study of 1529 cancer patients. Demoralisation was measured with the Demoralisation Scale II and depressive symptoms with the PHQ-9.
RESULTS
A network of symptoms, with four stable communities, was identified: 1. Loss of hope and meaning; 2. Non-specific emotionality; 3. Entrapment; 4. Depressive symptoms. The first three communities were clearly distinct from the PHQ-9 depressive symptoms, except for suicidality and fear of failure. Community 1, Loss of hope and meaning, had the strongest association with thoughts of death and suicide. Hopelessness, loss of role in life, tiredness, pointlessness and feeling trapped were the most central symptoms in the network.
CONCLUSIONS
Communities 1 to 3 are consistent with poor coping without anhedonia and other classic depression symptoms, but linked to suicidal ideation. For people facing the existential threat of cancer, this may indicate poor psychological adjustment to the stressors of their illness.
Topics: Depression; Emotional Adjustment; Humans; Neoplasms; Psychometrics; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide
PubMed: 35122411
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4406 -
Annals of Palliative Medicine Jan 2018In this article, I do not intend to present the many and well-known treatments for relieving pain and distress symptoms of the physical body, damaged by terminal... (Review)
Review
In this article, I do not intend to present the many and well-known treatments for relieving pain and distress symptoms of the physical body, damaged by terminal diseases, such as cancer, AIDS, multiple sclerosis. In this article, I'd rather focus my attention on clinical hypnosis for subjects who, freed from physical pain, thanks to palliative care, are open to receiving comfort and support for their psychological and spiritual suffering. The intent of this article is to express how clinical hypnosis can harmoniously integrate psychological and spiritual aspects so that the terminal patient can make peace with his/her past, with the people who have hurt him/her, and with the people who will suffer because of his/her death. This article will present some hypnotic suggestions inspired by universal wisdom of the Stoics, by positive psychology of Mindfulness, by laws of nature regarding changes, differences and mysteries. The basic assumption of the suggestions presented is that, if disease is an enemy to fight, death is an inevitable part of life: it cannot be avoided, or postponed or exchanged with anybody. It arrives when we have finished living. When death is preceded by an incurable disease, palliative care can offer a mantle of compassion and acceptance of what cannot be avoided. The words palliative comes from the Latin pallium-mantle. This article also presents some suggestions I have utilized several times with my patients. These suggestions have demonstrated their efficacy in alleviating patients' suffering in coping with their disease and in facing death.
Topics: Emotional Adjustment; Humans; Hypnosis; Mindfulness; Palliative Care; Quality of Life; Spiritual Therapies; Spirituality; Terminally Ill
PubMed: 29156894
DOI: 10.21037/apm.2017.07.07 -
Psycho-oncology May 2019The increasing numbers of breast cancer survivors highlight the importance of delineating factors that identify women who are at risk of poor psychological adjustment in...
OBJECTIVE
The increasing numbers of breast cancer survivors highlight the importance of delineating factors that identify women who are at risk of poor psychological adjustment in the long term. In breast cancer survivors, higher attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance have been associated with poorer psychological adjustment. Moreover, there is evidence that self-compassion, a kind manner of treating oneself during difficulties, is associated with psychological adjustment in this population. This study aimed to extend the association between attachment styles and psychological adjustment to the context of long-term breast cancer survivors and to determine whether lower self-compassion underlies this association.
METHODS
Participants (N = 82) were recruited through emailed invitations to members of the Review and Survey Group of Breast Cancer Network Australia. Following online consent, participants completed measures assessing attachment styles, self-compassion, psychological stress, and the perceived negative impact of cancer. Bootstrapping analyses using the PROCESS macro were used to test the significance of indirect effects.
RESULTS
As hypothesised, correlational analyses revealed that higher attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance were significantly and positively associated with stress and perceived negative impact of cancer. Bootstrapping analyses revealed significant indirect effects of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance (on both stress and perceived negative impact of cancer) through lower self-compassion.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that self-compassion training may be useful for enhancing the psychological adjustment of long-term breast cancer survivors. Future longitudinal and experimental studies in more diverse samples are needed to confirm causal directionality of these relationships and to expand upon these findings.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Aged; Anxiety; Australia; Breast Neoplasms; Cancer Survivors; Emotional Adjustment; Empathy; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Object Attachment; Stress, Psychological; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 30892774
DOI: 10.1002/pon.5068 -
Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult... Jun 2023The third Cancer Plan (2014-2019) has helped with the recognition of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer's medical and psychosocial specificities and has... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
The third Cancer Plan (2014-2019) has helped with the recognition of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer's medical and psychosocial specificities and has enabled the creation of dedicated structures in France. The study involved 43 AYA patients ( = 21; = 22) between 15 and 27 years old ( = 19.9), diagnosed with all types of cancer, and were recruited in two French cancer centers. Online questionnaires were filled in 2 months after the beginning of treatment. AYAs completed measures of depressive and anxiety symptoms, perceived social support, and coping strategies. Results demonstrated moderate depressive symptoms ( = 10.7, standard deviation [SD] = 7.0) and suggested a good satisfaction ( = 30, SD = 9.5) and a mild availability ( = 27, SD = 10.3) of the social support. Spearman's correlations demonstrated that coping strategies are related to depressive symptoms, for which acceptance ( < 0.01) of the disease played a key role in their psychological adjustment. Perceived social support subscales were positively correlated with the use of distraction as a coping strategy ( < 0.05). Kruskal-Wallis test demonstrated the preferential use of instrumental ( < 0.05) and emotional support ( < 0.01), denial ( < 0.01), and self-blame ( < 0.01) for women and the use of acceptance ( < 0.05) and humor ( < 0.05) for men; and there were no significant differences between patients hospitalized in the two cancer center facilities. Finally, a better understanding of the psychological adjustment and processes among French AYAs with cancer will help families and processionals to better adjust AYA-specific needs at the beginning of cancer treatment. : NCT03964116.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Young Adult; Adaptation, Psychological; Emotional Adjustment; Neoplasms; Perception; Social Support
PubMed: 36067271
DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2022.0034