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Journal of Physical Activity & Health Jul 2022The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus dramatically changed daily life and created many obstacles for adolescents to engage in physical activity (PA). This study tracked...
The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus dramatically changed daily life and created many obstacles for adolescents to engage in physical activity (PA). This study tracked rates of self-reported PA and examined its impact on adjustment among adolescents during the first 14 months of the pandemic. Canadian adolescents (N = 1068, 14-18 y, meanage = 16.95 y) reported on their frequency of PA, context of activity, and adjustment across 4 time points (April 2020 to June 2021). In line with our hypothesis, higher average levels of vigorous PA across the pandemic predicted less anxiety and depression and higher self-esteem at our study's end. Vigorous PA also buffered the relationships COVID-19 stress had with anxiety and self-esteem. The results further support recommendations for PA throughout the pandemic and while dealing with lockdown situations.
Topics: Adolescent; COVID-19; Canada; Communicable Disease Control; Depression; Emotional Adjustment; Exercise; Humans; Pandemics
PubMed: 35894979
DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0018 -
Annals of Palliative Medicine Jan 2018In this article, I do not intend to present the many and well-known treatments for relieving pain and distress symptoms of the physical body, damaged by terminal... (Review)
Review
In this article, I do not intend to present the many and well-known treatments for relieving pain and distress symptoms of the physical body, damaged by terminal diseases, such as cancer, AIDS, multiple sclerosis. In this article, I'd rather focus my attention on clinical hypnosis for subjects who, freed from physical pain, thanks to palliative care, are open to receiving comfort and support for their psychological and spiritual suffering. The intent of this article is to express how clinical hypnosis can harmoniously integrate psychological and spiritual aspects so that the terminal patient can make peace with his/her past, with the people who have hurt him/her, and with the people who will suffer because of his/her death. This article will present some hypnotic suggestions inspired by universal wisdom of the Stoics, by positive psychology of Mindfulness, by laws of nature regarding changes, differences and mysteries. The basic assumption of the suggestions presented is that, if disease is an enemy to fight, death is an inevitable part of life: it cannot be avoided, or postponed or exchanged with anybody. It arrives when we have finished living. When death is preceded by an incurable disease, palliative care can offer a mantle of compassion and acceptance of what cannot be avoided. The words palliative comes from the Latin pallium-mantle. This article also presents some suggestions I have utilized several times with my patients. These suggestions have demonstrated their efficacy in alleviating patients' suffering in coping with their disease and in facing death.
Topics: Emotional Adjustment; Humans; Hypnosis; Mindfulness; Palliative Care; Quality of Life; Spiritual Therapies; Spirituality; Terminally Ill
PubMed: 29156894
DOI: 10.21037/apm.2017.07.07 -
Journal of Youth and Adolescence Feb 2024As Western societies become more ethnically and culturally diverse, understanding the acculturation of immigrant youth is essential for fostering social cohesion. How...
As Western societies become more ethnically and culturally diverse, understanding the acculturation of immigrant youth is essential for fostering social cohesion. How the cultural identity formation of ethnic minority adolescents relates to their academic, social, and psychological adjustment is an important and as yet unresolved research question. This study examined to what extent identifying with the heritage and/or host culture is an individual resource or risk factor for the adjustment of immigrant youth in Germany. A random sample of 15-17-year-olds (N = 1992; M = 15.3 years, SD = 0.64; 44.5% girls; 44.7% students with immigrant background) was assessed twice: at the end of 9th and 10th grade. Academic performance and three dimensions of social/psychological adjustment (school attachment, self-esteem, and life satisfaction) were examined. Results showed that biculturalism was the modal identification pattern. Contrary to expectations, cultural identification did not differ systematically with perceived distance from the majority culture. Multivariate structural equation modeling revealed that both heritage and host identification can be developmental resources, but that their effects are dependent on the dimension of adjustment; biculturalism only proved to be a cumulative resource for school attachment. The domain specificity of the findings challenges the generalization claims of predominant acculturation theories.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adolescent; Male; Emotional Adjustment; Social Identification; Ethnicity; Minority Groups; Emigration and Immigration; Social Adjustment; Emigrants and Immigrants; Acculturation
PubMed: 37715861
DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01853-z -
Human Reproduction (Oxford, England) Mar 2022What are children's perspectives of the quality of their relationships with their parents and their own psychological well-being in families created using egg donation?
STUDY QUESTION
What are children's perspectives of the quality of their relationships with their parents and their own psychological well-being in families created using egg donation?
SUMMARY ANSWER
Children's scores indicated good parent-child relationship quality and high levels of psychological well-being, with children in families created using egg donation rating their relationships with their mothers as higher in warmth/enjoyment than children in a comparison group of families created using IVF.
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
Little is known about how children in families created through egg donation view their family relationships and their own psychological well-being. Research with 7-and-10-year-olds in anonymous egg donation families has indicated good parent-child relationship quality from children's perspectives, but studies have not involved younger children or those conceived following identity-release egg donation.
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
This study included 50 children who had been born through egg donation and a comparison group of 43 children conceived through IVF with the parents' own gametes. Data were collected between April 2018 and December 2019. The sample forms part of a larger longitudinal study examining family functioning in families created through fertility treatment.
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
Children were aged 5 years old and had been born into families with different-sex couple parents. All families were visited at home. Children were administered the Berkeley Puppet Interview, a standardized assessment of parent-child relationship quality and psychological well-being.
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
Children in egg donation families rated their relationships with their mothers as higher in warmth and enjoyment than did children in IVF families. No differences were found between the two family types in children's ratings of the father-child relationship, or in children's ratings of their own psychological well-being.
LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION
It is possible that children who did not consent to take part in the research had less positive perceptions of their family and themselves than children who participated.
WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
The findings are relevant to UK clinics offering identity-release egg donation, to parents who have used egg donation to create their family and to individuals and couples considering their fertility treatment options. That children in egg donation families were more similar than different to children in IVF families in their self-concept and perception of their family relationships should prove reassuring.
STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)
This research was supported by a Wellcome Trust Collaborative Award [208013/Z/17]. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
N/A.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Child, Preschool; Emotional Adjustment; Female; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Parent-Child Relations; Parents
PubMed: 34928301
DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab265 -
Development and Psychopathology Oct 2017We examined whether adolescents' genetic sensitivity, measured by a polygenic index score, moderated the longitudinal associations between parenting and adolescents'...
We examined whether adolescents' genetic sensitivity, measured by a polygenic index score, moderated the longitudinal associations between parenting and adolescents' psychological adjustment. The sample included 323 mothers, fathers, and adolescents (177 female, 146 male; Time 1 [T1] average age = 12.61 years, SD = 0.54 years; Time 2 [T2] average age = 13.59 years, SD = 0.59 years). Parents' warmth and hostility were rated by trained, independent observers using videotapes of family discussions. Adolescents reported their symptoms of anxiety, depressed mood, and hostility at T1 and T2. The results from autoregressive linear regression models showed that adolescents' genetic sensitivity moderated associations between observations of both mothers' and fathers' T1 parenting and adolescents' T2 composite maladjustment, depression, anxiety, and hostility. Compared to adolescents with low genetic sensitivity, adolescents with high genetic sensitivity had worse adjustment outcomes when parenting was low on warmth and high on hostility. When parenting was characterized by high warmth and low hostility, adolescents with high genetic sensitivity had better adjustment outcomes than their counterparts with low genetic sensitivity. The results support the differential susceptibility model and highlight the complex ways that genes and environment interact to influence development.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Child; Depression; Emotional Adjustment; Female; Hostility; Humans; Male; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting
PubMed: 28027713
DOI: 10.1017/S0954579416001310 -
Journal of Personality Jun 2022How narrative identity and well-being are intertwined as emerging adults process their lived experiences remains a critical theoretical and empirical question. We...
OBJECTIVES
How narrative identity and well-being are intertwined as emerging adults process their lived experiences remains a critical theoretical and empirical question. We studied narrative identity among US emerging adults in a multiphase study. We aimed to test (1) if and how narrative identity themes (i.e., coherence, agency, growth) change rapidly across repeated narrations; (2) are related to reports of psychological adjustment (i.e., well-being, recent stress) over time; and (3) whether the valence of the autobiographical event nuanced the ways narrative identity and adjustment co-evolve.
METHODS
In a mini-longitudinal study conducted over three months, 300 adults aged 18-to-29-years (M age = 24.39 years; 60% women) provided autobiographical narratives about high-point and low-point (LP) life events at five time points, as well as repeated reports on well-being and recent stress.
RESULTS
Overall, coherence showed (1) the most consistency across time and valence than other narrative themes and (2) the most consistent associations with adjustment. In multilevel models, LP coherence and LP growth coincided with higher levels of adjustment.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings reinforce the ways narrative identity reflects dynamic processes of understanding the events of one's life, and the ways individual differences in framing and reasoning about life are important for psychological adjustment.
Topics: Adult; Emotional Adjustment; Female; Humans; Individuality; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Narration
PubMed: 34411304
DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12668 -
Annual Review of Nursing Research 2015A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the association between coping (as measured by the Ways of Coping Questionnaire [WOCQ]) and psychological adjustment in... (Review)
Review
A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the association between coping (as measured by the Ways of Coping Questionnaire [WOCQ]) and psychological adjustment in caregivers of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). A search conducted using the CINAHL, Medline, and PsycINFO databases yielded 201 citations between 1974 and 2014. A total of seven articles met the inclusion criteria; namely, the respondents who completed the WOCQ were family caregivers of individuals with TBI (including 66-item, 42-item, or 21-item versions). Reviews were conducted in accordance with the American Academy of Neurology guidelines (2011) for classifying evidence. The results found no Class 1 or Class II studies but only four Class III and three Class IV studies. The major finding across the better-rated Class III studies was that the use of emotion-focused coping and problem-focused coping was possibly associated with psychological adjustment in caregivers. The Class IV studies were determined to be inadequate or conflicting in determining the association between coping and psychological adjustment. Future studies need to employ carefully crafted designs, adhere to statistical procedure, apply advanced analytic techniques, and employ explicit models of coping, which will increase the accuracy and generalizability of the findings.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Brain Injuries; Caregivers; Emotional Adjustment; Humans; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 25946387
DOI: 10.1891/0739-6686.33.219 -
Vocational identity and psychological adjustment: a study in French adolescents and emerging adults.Journal of Adolescence Feb 2016The aim of the present research was to study vocational identity in French adolescent and emerging adult students by using a French adaptation of the Vocational Identity...
The aim of the present research was to study vocational identity in French adolescent and emerging adult students by using a French adaptation of the Vocational Identity Status Assessment (VISA), and to analyze the links between vocational identity formation and negative and positive psychological adjustment. Participants were 1077 French students who completed self-report scales about vocational identity, depression and satisfaction with life. The French version of the VISA showed good psychometric properties and six identity statuses were derived by means of cluster analysis: achievement, foreclosure, moratorium, searching moratorium, diffused diffusion and carefree diffusion. The main findings show that diffused diffusion and moratorium represent the dark sides of identity because of their negative psychological adjustment, and that the two processes of reconsideration of commitment were differently associated with psychological adjustment. These findings demonstrate that clinical interventions should be adapted to the individual's identity profile.
Topics: Achievement; Adolescent; Career Choice; Emotional Adjustment; Female; Humans; Male; Personal Satisfaction; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychological Tests; Psychometrics; Self Concept; Young Adult
PubMed: 26603910
DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.10.005 -
International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2019Social and emotional factors such as emotional competence and self-esteem are protective factors that promote adolescent mental health and well-being. In this paper, we...
Social and emotional factors such as emotional competence and self-esteem are protective factors that promote adolescent mental health and well-being. In this paper, we will examine the combined contribution of these socio-emotional factors in addition to personal factors, in the prediction of psychological adjustment and subjective well-being in adolescence. The study included 840 adolescents aged between 12 and 16 years old ( = 13.37, = 1.16, 51.4% girls). We measured personal variables (sex, age, number of siblings), socio-emotional variables (emotional competence and self-esteem), psychological adjustment (emotional and behavioural problems) and subjective well-being (life satisfaction and affect balance). Besides descriptive analysis and Pearson bivariate correlations, two different methodologies were performed, including hierarchical regression models and a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). The results show that emotional competence is a protective factor for optimal adjustment and well-being, and suggest that self-esteem reinforces this relation. Different patterns were observed for female and male adolescents of different ages and with different family backgrounds. The practical implications of our findings for intervention programs have been discussed.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Emotional Adjustment; Emotions; Female; Humans; Male; Problem Behavior; Psychology, Adolescent; Self Concept; Siblings
PubMed: 31766641
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234650 -
Journal of Family Psychology : JFP :... Apr 2018This study examined two types of illness-related communication (disclosure and holding back) and their associations with psychological adjustment and marital...
This study examined two types of illness-related communication (disclosure and holding back) and their associations with psychological adjustment and marital satisfaction in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and their spouses. A sample of 142 couples reported on disclosure and holding back of OA-related concerns, marital satisfaction, and depressive symptoms at two time points across 1 year. Results from dyadic analyses indicated that holding back was associated with decreases in one's own marital satisfaction for patients and spouses and increases in one's own depressive symptoms for spouses over 1 year. In addition, increases in disclosure were associated with increases in marital satisfaction for patients and spouses over time. Holding back and disclosure did not have significant interpersonal effects on the partner's psychological adjustment or marital satisfaction. These results provide support for the hypothesized intrapersonal effects of disclosure and holding back on marital satisfaction and psychological adjustment over time for both OA patients and their spouses, and highlight the importance of open communication for dyadic coping among couples dealing with chronic illness. (PsycINFO Database Record
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Aged; Chronic Disease; Communication; Disclosure; Emotional Adjustment; Female; Humans; Male; Marriage; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Personal Satisfaction; Spouses
PubMed: 29698013
DOI: 10.1037/fam0000390