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Psychoanalytic Review Feb 2019The activist conjunction of sexual orientation and gender identity is questioned by demonstrating how the concerns of the transgender movement run contrary to an agenda... (Review)
Review
The activist conjunction of sexual orientation and gender identity is questioned by demonstrating how the concerns of the transgender movement run contrary to an agenda of liberation from gender ideology. The confused vocabulary of trans discourse articulated in the language of somatic incongruence (so-called gender dysphoria) is exposed, using an analysis of the concept of somatic incongruence and the various interventions through which bodies are apparently restored to ideological congruence constructed upon, inter alia, gender, race, and age. The paper rejects transgender medical treatment and surgery as nothing but the most brutal affirmation of gender stereotypes and, in conclusion, calls for a radical and total disaffirming of gender, analogous to the termination of racial classification and segregation.
Topics: Female; Gender Dysphoria; Gender Identity; Humans; Male; Sex Reassignment Procedures; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 30730258
DOI: 10.1521/prev.2019.106.1.1 -
AMA Journal of Ethics Jul 2021Tension between naming to render an important kind of suffering among transgender people more visible and avoiding pathologizing experiences of transgender people in a...
Tension between naming to render an important kind of suffering among transgender people more visible and avoiding pathologizing experiences of transgender people in a gender-binary world can be keenly felt among patients seeking gender-affirming services. This article suggests why clinical "verification" of a patient's need for gender-affirming care is likely less important than clinicians' expressions of empathy and respect for patients' autonomy. This article also suggests that fostering transgender patients' sense of agency should be prioritized.
Topics: Emotions; Gender Dysphoria; Gender Identity; Humans; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 34351266
DOI: 10.1001/amajethics.2021.557 -
Current Opinion in Endocrinology,... Apr 2016The review summarizes relevant research focused on prevalence and natural history of gender nonconforming/transgender youth, and outcomes of currently recommended... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The review summarizes relevant research focused on prevalence and natural history of gender nonconforming/transgender youth, and outcomes of currently recommended clinical practice guidelines. This review identifies gaps in knowledge, and provides recommendations foci for future research.
RECENT FINDINGS
Increasing numbers of gender nonconforming youth are presenting for care. Clinically useful information for predicting individual psychosexual development pathways is lacking. Transgender youth are at high risk for poor medical and psychosocial outcomes. Longitudinal data examining the impact of early social transition and medical interventions are sparse. Existing tools to understand gender identity and quantify gender dysphoria need to be reconfigured to study a more diverse cohort of transgender individuals. Increasingly, biomedical data are beginning to change the trajectory of scientific investigation.
SUMMARY
Extensive research is needed to improve understanding of gender dysphoria, and transgender experience, particularly among youth. Recommendations include identification of predictors of persistence of gender dysphoria from childhood into adolescence, and a thorough investigation into the impact of interventions for transgender youth. Finally, examining the social environments of transgender youth is critical for the development of appropriate interventions necessary to improve the lives of transgender people.
Topics: Biomedical Research; Delivery of Health Care; Female; Gender Identity; Health Priorities; Health Services Needs and Demand; Health Status Disparities; Healthcare Disparities; Humans; Male; Minority Groups; Minority Health; Needs Assessment; Sex Reassignment Procedures; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 26825472
DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000236 -
Psychiatria Hungarica : a Magyar... 2022In the recent research and interpretation of the genetical-biological and environmental-social factors shaping psychosexual development, in addition to scientific...
INTRODUCTION
In the recent research and interpretation of the genetical-biological and environmental-social factors shaping psychosexual development, in addition to scientific arguments, more and more ideological and political aspect have received unfortunate emphasis.
OBJECTIVE
Since the literature investigating the development of gender identity and gender orientation has not only increased, but also polarized, it is timely to look at the scientific exchange of ideas and debates among the differing positions.
METHOD
Exploring the significance of genetic, biological and social factors involved in the development of gender identity and gender orientation based on international literature data.
RESULTS
Based on the current state of science it can be concluded that, in addition to the indisputably marked genetic-biological factors, education and social patterns, as well as the extremely complex environmental and media-related influence with its variable intensity and diverse emotional content also play a significant role in the psychosexual development. This is supported, among other observations, by the data indicating that homoerotic behavior is more common in people raised by same-sex couples.
CONCLUSION
As psychosexual development is determined jointly by both genetic-biological and social factors (like education, media etc), belonging to a sexual minority group is not a choice, not the result of a personal decision. Therefore, any kind of discrimination in this regard is unacceptable. Further scientific studies are necessary to answer a large number of questions that still remain open.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Gender Identity; Socialization; Psychosexual Development; Sexual Behavior
PubMed: 36524803
DOI: No ID Found -
Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 2021This article is a historical review of the medical and psychiatric diagnoses associated with transgender people across epochs. Ancient Greek and Roman writings already... (Review)
Review
This article is a historical review of the medical and psychiatric diagnoses associated with transgender people across epochs. Ancient Greek and Roman writings already mention gender change. Before a diagnosis even existed, historical documents described the lives of numerous people whom we would consider transgender today. The development of medical classifications took off in the nineteenth century, driven by the blooming of natural sciences. In the nineteenth century, most authors conflated questions of sexual orientation and gender. For example, the psychiatrist Krafft-Ebing reported cases of transgender people but understood them as paranoia, or as the extreme degree of severity in a dimension of sexual inversion. In the early 1900s, doctors such as Magnus Hirschfeld first distinguished homosexual and transgender behaviour. The usual term for transgender people was transvestite, before Harry Benjamin generalised the term transsexual in the mid-20th century. The term transgender became common in the 1970s. This article details the evolution of diagnoses for transgender people from DSM-III and ICD-10 to DSM-5 and ICD-11.
Topics: Female; Gender Dysphoria; Gender Identity; Humans; International Classification of Diseases; Male; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 35860172
DOI: 10.1080/19585969.2022.2042166 -
American Journal of Public Health Mar 2022
Topics: Adolescent; Gender Identity; Humans; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 35196055
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2021.306690 -
Cancer May 2017Risk factors for impairment in psychosexual development and satisfaction among adult survivors of childhood cancer are poorly understood. The authors compared...
BACKGROUND
Risk factors for impairment in psychosexual development and satisfaction among adult survivors of childhood cancer are poorly understood. The authors compared psychosexual outcomes between survivors and healthy controls, and tested whether at-risk survivors can be identified by 1) treatment neurotoxicity or 2) diagnosis.
METHODS
A total of 144 young adult survivors of childhood cancer and 144 matched controls completed questionnaires regarding psychosexual development, sexual satisfaction, and satisfaction with relationship status. Survivors were aged 20 to 40 years and were 5 to 34 years after diagnosis. Using medical chart data, survivors were divided into non-neurotoxic (48 survivors), low-dose (36 survivors), and high-dose (58 survivors) neurotoxic treatment groups.
RESULTS
Apart from having fewer lifetime sex partners, survivors did not appear to differ from controls. However, survivors of brain tumors and any survivor who received high-dose neurotoxic treatment reported the lowest rates of achieving milestones of psychosexual development, whereas sexual and relationship status satisfaction were found to be related to relationship status. Neurotoxic treatment intensity further distinguished between survivors of brain tumors with and without psychosexual impairment.
CONCLUSIONS
The intensity of neurotoxic treatment may be a valuable indicator of risk for psychosexual impairment relative to diagnosis alone. Health care providers should assess romantic/sexual problems among survivors at risk and make referrals if needed. Cancer 2017;123:1869-1876. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Topics: Adult; Antineoplastic Agents; Brain Neoplasms; Case-Control Studies; Cranial Irradiation; Cytarabine; Female; Humans; Injections, Spinal; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Male; Methotrexate; Neoplasms; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Orgasm; Personal Satisfaction; Psychosexual Development; Reproductive Health; Risk Factors; Sexual Partners; Surveys and Questionnaires; Survivors; Thiotepa; Young Adult
PubMed: 28165611
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30513 -
The International Journal of... Jun 2016
Topics: Humans; Psychoanalytic Theory; Psychosexual Development; Sexuality
PubMed: 27437621
DOI: 10.1111/1745-8315.12569 -
MSystems Oct 2023Microbiology conferences can be powerful places to build collaborations and exchange ideas, but for queer and transgender (trans) scientists, they can also become...
Microbiology conferences can be powerful places to build collaborations and exchange ideas, but for queer and transgender (trans) scientists, they can also become sources of alienation and isolation. Many conference organizers would like to create welcoming and inclusive events but feel ill-equipped to make this vision a reality, and a historical lack of representation of queer and trans folks in microbiology means we rarely occupy these key leadership roles ourselves. Looking more broadly, queer and trans scientists are systematically marginalized across scientific fields, leading to disparities in career outcomes, professional networks, and opportunities, as well as the loss of unique scientific perspectives at all levels. For queer and trans folks with multiple, intersecting, marginalized identities, these barriers often become even more severe. Here, we draw from our experiences as early-career microbiologists to provide concrete, practical advice to help conference organizers across research communities design inclusive, safe, and welcoming conferences, where queer and trans scientists can flourish.
Topics: Humans; Transgender Persons; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Gender Identity; Transsexualism
PubMed: 37800938
DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00433-23 -
Journal of Endocrinological... Sep 2023Many issues still remain unresolved in the management of pubertal patients with gender incongruence (GI). The aim of this review is to discuss the main aspects of the... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Many issues still remain unresolved in the management of pubertal patients with gender incongruence (GI). The aim of this review is to discuss the main aspects of the treatment of these patients to provide a practical approach for clinicians.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search within PubMed was performed to provide updates of available evidence regarding the impact on bioethical, medical and fertility issues in gender incongruence during transition age.
RESULTS
Gender Affirming Hormone Treatment (GAHT) and Gender Affirming Surgery (GAS) can induce unsatisfaction with change, future regrets, and the risk of infertility. This raises ethical issues especially in the management of pubertal patients that remain unresolved. Therapy with GnRH analogues (GnRHa) is intended to delay puberty, so as to give the adolescent a longer period of time to decide whether to continue with the treatments. At the level of physical changes, this therapy may have an effect on bone mineralization and body composition; however, long-term longitudinal data are not yet available. An important feature related to the use of GnRHa is the risk of fertility. Gamete cryopreservation is the most established method of fertility preservation (FP) and should be counselled to transgender adolescents. However, these patients are not always interested in having biological children.
CONCLUSION
Based on the current evidence, there is a need to conduct further research to clarify certain issues and to standardize clinical practice and improve counselling in transgender adolescent decision making and avoid regrets in the future.
Topics: Child; Adolescent; Humans; Fertility Preservation; Counseling; Infertility; Cryopreservation; Transsexualism; Transgender Persons; Gender Dysphoria; Gender Identity
PubMed: 37071372
DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02077-5