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Pediatrics in Review Oct 2021Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a common condition seen in the first 1 to 3 months after birth. Patients typically present with nonbilious projectile emesis after feeds...
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a common condition seen in the first 1 to 3 months after birth. Patients typically present with nonbilious projectile emesis after feeds that may result in hypokalemic, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. Although inability to tolerate feeds is frequently seen with self-limited conditions such as reflux, a low threshold to obtain an ultrasonographic image is important to prevent a delay in diagnosis. Although operative intervention is the treatment, it is imperative that patients are hydrated and serum electrolyte concentrations normalized before the induction of anesthesia. Laparoscopic pyloromyotomy is safe and effective. Postoperative emesis is normal, and reassurance to parents is appropriate. There is no significant long-term physiologic impairment from pyloric stenosis after successful surgical intervention.
Topics: Alkalosis; Humans; Infant; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic; Vomiting
PubMed: 34599053
DOI: 10.1542/pir.2020-003277 -
Seminars in Pediatric Surgery Aug 2016
Topics: Appendicitis; Child; Cryptorchidism; Gallbladder Diseases; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Male; Pediatrics; Pyloric Stenosis
PubMed: 27521707
DOI: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2016.05.008 -
AORN Journal Feb 2019
Topics: Education, Nursing, Continuing; Gastrectomy; Humans; Perioperative Nursing; Pyloric Stenosis; Pylorus
PubMed: 30694544
DOI: 10.1002/aorn.12624 -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Apr 2018
Topics: Humans; Infant; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic
PubMed: 29663752
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0242 -
Radiographics : a Review Publication of... Aug 2023Radiologic evaluation of neonatal bowel obstruction is challenging owing to the overlapping clinical features and imaging appearances of the most common differential...
Radiologic evaluation of neonatal bowel obstruction is challenging owing to the overlapping clinical features and imaging appearances of the most common differential diagnoses. The key to providing an appropriate differential diagnosis comes from a combination of the patient's gestational age, clinical features, and imaging findings. While assessment of radiographs can confirm bowel obstruction and indicate whether it is likely proximal or distal, additional findings at upper or lower gastrointestinal contrast study together with use of US are important in providing an appropriate differential diagnosis. The authors provide an in-depth assessment of the appearances of the most common differential diagnoses of proximal and distal neonatal bowel obstruction at abdominal radiography and upper and lower gastrointestinal contrast studies. These are divided into imaging patterns and their associated differential diagnoses on the basis of abdominal radiographic findings. These findings include esophageal atresia variants including the "single bubble," "double bubble," and "triple bubble" and distal bowel obstruction involving the small and large bowel. Entities discussed include esophageal atresia, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, pyloric atresia, duodenal atresia, duodenal web, malrotation with midgut volvulus, jejunal atresia, ileal atresia, meconium ileus, segmental volvulus, internal hernia, colonic atresia, Hirschsprung disease, and functional immaturity of the large bowel. The authors include the advantages of abdominal US in this algorithm, particularly for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, duodenal web, malrotation with midgut volvulus, and segmental volvulus. RSNA, 2023 Quiz questions for this article are available through the Online Learning Center.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; Intestinal Volvulus; Esophageal Atresia; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic; Intestinal Obstruction; Duodenal Obstruction; Digestive System Abnormalities; Radiography, Abdominal; Duodenal Diseases
PubMed: 37471246
DOI: 10.1148/rg.230035 -
Seminars in Pediatric Surgery Aug 2016Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a common surgical cause of vomiting in infants. Following appropriate fluid resuscitation, the mainstay of treatment is pyloromyotomy.... (Review)
Review
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a common surgical cause of vomiting in infants. Following appropriate fluid resuscitation, the mainstay of treatment is pyloromyotomy. This article reviews the aetiology and pathophysiology of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, its clinical presentation, the role of imaging, the preoperative and postoperative management, current surgical approaches and non-surgical treatment options. Contemporary postoperative feeding regimens, outcomes and complications are also discussed.
Topics: Atropine; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Infant; Parasympatholytics; Perioperative Care; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic; Pylorus
PubMed: 27521712
DOI: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2016.05.004 -
Pediatrics International : Official... Jul 2016Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is the most commonly encountered surgical disease among pediatric patients. Incomplete pyloromyotomy is not uncommon complication...
Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is the most commonly encountered surgical disease among pediatric patients. Incomplete pyloromyotomy is not uncommon complication of pyloromyotomy. However, recurrent pyloric stenosis is extremely rare. Up until now, there are only five cases reported in the English literature. We report a child with recurrent pyloric stenosis who was managed by redo pyloromyotomy.
Topics: Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Laparoscopy; Male; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic; Pylorus; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 27389044
DOI: 10.1111/ped.12958 -
The American Surgeon Sep 2018
Topics: Fluoroscopy; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Laparoscopy; Male; Pyloric Stenosis; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic; Pylorus; Recurrence; Reoperation
PubMed: 30269705
DOI: No ID Found -
Neonatal Network : NN Jul 2018Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is the most common gastrointestinal disease among infants. IHPS occurs as an isolated condition or together with other... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is the most common gastrointestinal disease among infants. IHPS occurs as an isolated condition or together with other congenital anomalies. Association with genetic and environmental factors, bottle feeding, younger maternal age, maternal smoking, and erythromycin administration in the first two weeks of life has been shown. Familial aggregation has been described and a family history is seen in 47.9 percent of siblings. Infants typically present with projectile vomiting associated with symptoms of failure to thrive. An olive-like mass palpable in the right upper abdominal quadrant is being reported less frequently because of earlier diagnosis by ultrasound. IHPS is generally corrected through laparoscopic pyloromyotomy. Endoscopic pyloric balloon dilation is a novel alternative. Further studies on different populations, the general population, and familial segregation to determine the prevalence, influence, and mode of familial aggregation and correlation with environmental factors are needed to determine the etiology of IHPS.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Curriculum; Education, Nursing, Continuing; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Middle Aged; Neonatal Nursing; Nurses, Neonatal; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic; United States
PubMed: 30567916
DOI: 10.1891/0730-0832.37.4.197