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Medical Mycology Case Reports Dec 2019Dematiaceous fungi can cause subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis, an uncommon fungal infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues. is an emerging organism that can...
Dematiaceous fungi can cause subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis, an uncommon fungal infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues. is an emerging organism that can infect patients with subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis, especially immunocompromised patients. The present case involved subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by in an 80-year-old Thai male with poorly controlled diabetes, for whom the lesion underwent spontaneous remission after his glycemic control was improved. Furthermore, cases of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis for the last 10 years were reviewed.
PubMed: 31890487
DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2019.07.006 -
Current Microbiology Apr 2015Fungal endophytes were isolated from the Mediterranean cypress Cupressus sempervirens. Eleven taxa of fungi, all within the Ascomycota, were identified based on PCR...
Fungal endophytes were isolated from the Mediterranean cypress Cupressus sempervirens. Eleven taxa of fungi, all within the Ascomycota, were identified based on PCR amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS rDNA) with taxonomic identity assigned using the NCBI nucleotide megablast search tool. The endophytic fungi included Alternaria multiformis, Didymella sp., Phoma sp., Phoma herbarum, Pyrenochaeta sp. (Dothideomycetes), Penicillium brevicompactum, Talaromyces sp. (Eurotiomycetes), Ascorhizoctonia sp. (Pezizomycetes), Thielavia microspora, and Thielavia spp. (Sordariomycetes). Considering the former findings in US, this indicates that similar ascomycetous classes of fungi, all from Pezizomycotina, associate with the healthy Cupressaceous trees in Iran. The recovered endophytes produced antifungal and antiproliferative metabolites which may contribute to the protection and survival of the host. We speculate that endophyte-infected C. sempervirens may benefit from their fungal associates by their influence on the ecology and biotic stress tolerance of the host plant. Moreover, a novel niche for the identified fungal species is being introduced.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Biodiversity; Cupressus; DNA, Fungal; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; Endophytes; Fungi; Iran; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Sequence Data; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 25527365
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-014-0753-y -
Microbes and Environments Jul 2018A soil cooling system that prepares soil for temperate soil temperatures for the growth of temperate crops under a tropical climate is described herein. Temperate...
A soil cooling system that prepares soil for temperate soil temperatures for the growth of temperate crops under a tropical climate is described herein. Temperate agriculture has been threatened by the negative impact of temperature increases caused by climate change. Soil temperature closely correlates with the growth of temperate crops, and affects plant processes and soil microbial diversity. The present study focuses on the effects of soil temperatures on lettuce growth and soil microbial diversity that maintains the growth of lettuce at low soil temperatures. A model temperate crop, loose leaf lettuce, was grown on eutrophic soil under soil cooling and a number of parameters, such as fresh weight, height, the number of leaves, and root length, were evaluated upon harvest. Under soil cooling, significant differences were observed in the average fresh weight (P<0.05) and positive development of the roots, shoots, and leaves of lettuce. Janthinobacterium (8.142%), Rhodoplanes (1.991%), Arthrospira (1.138%), Flavobacterium (0.857%), Sphingomonas (0.790%), Mycoplana (0.726%), and Pseudomonas (0.688%) were the dominant bacterial genera present in cooled soil. Key soil fungal communities, including Pseudaleuria (18.307%), Phoma (9.968%), Eocronartium (3.527%), Trichosporon (1.791%), and Pyrenochaeta (0.171%), were also recovered from cooled soil. The present results demonstrate that the growth of temperate crops is dependent on soil temperature, which subsequently affects the abundance and diversity of soil microbial communities that maintain the growth of temperate crops at low soil temperatures.
Topics: Bacteria; Biodiversity; Crops, Agricultural; Fungi; Lactuca; Malaysia; Soil; Soil Microbiology; Temperature; Tropical Climate
PubMed: 29709895
DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME17181 -
European Journal of Immunology Nov 2014While the presentation mechanism of antigenic peptides derived from exogenous proteins by MHC class II molecules is well understood, relatively little is known about the...
While the presentation mechanism of antigenic peptides derived from exogenous proteins by MHC class II molecules is well understood, relatively little is known about the presentation mechanism of endogenous MHC class II-restricted antigens. We therefore screened a chemical library of 200 compounds derived from natural products to identify inhibitors of the presentation of endogenous MHC class II-restricted antigens. We found that pyrenocine B, a compound derived from the fungus Pyrenochaeta terrestris, inhibits presentation of endogenous MHC class II-restricted minor histocompatibility antigen IL-4 inducible gene 1 (IL4I1) by primary dendritic cells (DCs). Phage display screening and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis were used to investigate the mechanism of suppressive action by pyrenocine B. EpsinR, a target molecule for pyrenocine B, mediates endosomal trafficking through binding of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs). Lentiviral-mediated short hairpin (sh) RNA downregulation of EpsinR expression in DCs resulted in a decrease in the responsiveness of CD4+ T cells. Our data thus suggest that EpsinR plays a role in antigen presentation, which provides insight into the mechanism of presentation pathway of endogenous MHC class II-restricted antigen.
Topics: Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; Animals; Antigen Presentation; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Surface Display Techniques; Dendritic Cells; Flavoproteins; Fungal Proteins; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; L-Amino Acid Oxidase; Lymphocyte Activation; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pyrones; RNA Interference; RNA, Small Interfering; SNARE Proteins; Surface Plasmon Resonance
PubMed: 25196058
DOI: 10.1002/eji.201444475 -
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi = Zhongguo... Sep 2014The endophytic fungi with plant growth promoting effects were screened by co-culture of each endophytic fungus and seedlings of Dendrobium officinale. Anatomical...
The endophytic fungi with plant growth promoting effects were screened by co-culture of each endophytic fungus and seedlings of Dendrobium officinale. Anatomical features of the inoculated roots were studied by paraffin sectioning. Morphological characteristics and rDNA ITS1-5. 8S-ITS2 sequences were applied for the taxonomy of endophytic fungi. The results showed that 8 strains inoculated to D. officinale seedlings greatly enhanced plant height, stem diameter, new roots number and biomass. According to the anatomical features of the inoculated roots, each fungus could infect the velamina of seedlings. The hyphae or pelotons were existed in the exodermis passage cells and cortex cells. The effective fungi could not infect the endodermis and vascular bundle sheath, but which was exception for other fungi with harmful to seedlings. Combined with classic morphologic classification, 2 effective strains were identified which were subjected to Pestalotiopsis and Eurotium. Six species of fungi without conidiophore belonged to Pyrenochaeta, Coprinellus, Pholiota, Alternaria, Helotiales, which were identified by sequencing the PCR-amplified rDNA ITS1-5. 8S-ITS2 regions. The co-culture technology of effective endophytic fungi and plant can apply to cultivate the seedlings of D. officinale. It is feasible to shorten growth cycle of D. officinale and increase the resource of Chinese herbs.
Topics: Biomass; DNA, Fungal; DNA, Ribosomal; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; Dendrobium; Endophytes; Fungi; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Hyphae; Plant Roots; Plants, Medicinal; RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S; Seedlings; Species Specificity
PubMed: 25522603
DOI: No ID Found -
Transplant Infectious Disease : An... Apr 2015We present a case report of a patient with diffuse skin and systemic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), 1 year after renal transplantation. A concomitant Pyrenochaeta romeroi...
We present a case report of a patient with diffuse skin and systemic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), 1 year after renal transplantation. A concomitant Pyrenochaeta romeroi granuloma of the right hallux was diagnosed and illustrated an important immunodysfunction in our patient. Four months after reduction in immunosuppression and switch to everolimus, a total regression of the KS was observed. Reduction in the immunosuppression and treatment with terbinafine cleared the P. romeroi infection, while lowering immunosuppression and changing the type of immunosuppressive therapy were important steps in the successful management of the KS. In recent years, evidence of the antitumor effects of everolimus is increasing: total regression of KS in combination with renal function preservation in renal graft recipients is possible with mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor-based regimens. In addition, with increasing numbers of human immunodeficiency virus-positive transplant recipients, mTOR inhibitors may play a more crucial role in the management of KS.
Topics: Adult; Dermatomycoses; Drug Substitution; Everolimus; Female; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Kidney Transplantation; Liver Neoplasms; Mycophenolic Acid; Sarcoma, Kaposi; Skin Neoplasms; Tacrolimus; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 25645490
DOI: 10.1111/tid.12357 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Mar 2018Mycetoma, a chronic and mutilating subcutaneous infection recognized by the WHO as a neglected tropical disease, has been reported in >25 countries in Africa, Asia, and...
Mycetoma, a chronic and mutilating subcutaneous infection recognized by the WHO as a neglected tropical disease, has been reported in >25 countries in Africa, Asia, and South America. In Latin America, is assumed to be the prevalent fungal agent. Recent molecular studies have shown that this is an environmental saprobe in Europe, where it is rarely implicated in human diseases. The aim of the present paper is to establish the identity of Latin American cases ascribed to Three cases analyzed were caused by Data on an additional 21 strains in the literature revealed that rather than is responsible for most cases of black grain eumycetoma in Latin America.
Topics: Adult; Antifungal Agents; Ascomycota; DNA, Fungal; DNA, Ribosomal; Female; Humans; Itraconazole; Latin America; Madurella; Male; Mexico; Middle Aged; Mycetoma; Phylogeny; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29263207
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01723-17