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RoFo : Fortschritte Auf Dem Gebiete Der... Jul 2021The Working Group Uroradiology and Urogenital Diagnosis of the German Roentgen Society (DRG) revised and updated the recommendations for preparation and scanning...
The Working Group Uroradiology and Urogenital Diagnosis of the German Roentgen Society (DRG) revised and updated the recommendations for preparation and scanning protocol of the multiparametric MRI of the Prostate in a consensus process and harmonized it with the managing board of German Roentgen Society and Professional Association of the German Radiologist (BDR e. V.). These detailed recommendation define the referenced "validated quality standards" of the German S3-Guideline Prostate Cancer and describe in detail the topic 1. anamnestic datas, 2. termination of examinations and preparation of examinations, 3. examination protocol and 4. MRI-(in-bore)-biopsy. KEY POINTS:: · The recommendations for preparation and scanning protocol of the multiparametric MRI of the Prostate were revised and updated in a consensus process and harmonized with the managing board of German Roentgen Society (DRG) and Professional Asssociation of the German Radiologist (BDR).. · Detailed recommendations are given for topic 1. anamnestic datas, 2. termination and preparation of examinations, 3. examination protocoll and 4. MRI-(in-bore)-biopsy.. · These recommendations define the referenced "validated quality standards" of the German S3-Guideline Prostate Cancer.. CITATION FORMAT: · Franiel T, Asbach P, Beyersdorff D et al. mpMRI of the Prostate (MR-Prostatography): Updated Recommendations of the DRG and BDR on Patient Preparation and Examination Protocol. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2021; 193: 763 - 776.
Topics: Biopsy, Needle; Humans; Male; Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Societies, Medical
PubMed: 33735931
DOI: 10.1055/a-1406-8477 -
Nucleic Acids Research Sep 2023In severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the non-structural protein NSP1 inhibits translation of host mRNAs by binding to the mRNA entry channel...
In severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the non-structural protein NSP1 inhibits translation of host mRNAs by binding to the mRNA entry channel of the ribosome and, together with the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of the viral mRNAs, allows the evasion of that inhibition. Here, we show that NSP1 mediates endonucleolytic cleavages of both host and viral mRNAs in the 5'UTR, but with different cleavage patterns. The first pattern is observed in host mRNAs with cleavages interspersed regularly and close to the 5' cap (6-11 nt downstream of the cap). Those cleavage positions depend more on the position relative to the 5' cap than on the sequence itself. The second cleavage pattern occurs at high NSP1 concentrations and only in SARS-CoV-2 RNAs, with the cleavages clustered at positions 45, 46 and 49. Both patterns of cleavage occur with the mRNA and NSP1 bound to the ribosome, with the SL1 hairpin at the 5' end sufficient to protect from NSP1-mediated degradation at low NSP1 concentrations. We show further that the N-terminal domain of NSP1 is necessary and sufficient for efficient cleavage. We suggest that in the ribosome-bound NSP1 protein the catalytic residues of the N-terminal domain are unmasked by the remodelling of the α1- and α2-helices of the C-terminal domain.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Protein Biosynthesis; Ribosomes; RNA, Messenger; SARS-CoV-2; Viral Nonstructural Proteins
PubMed: 37503833
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad627 -
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Oct 2020Born in 1869, Gaston Contremoulins began his career as a painter. Fascinated by photography and discovery of X-rays by Roentgen in 1895, our ingenious self taught...
Born in 1869, Gaston Contremoulins began his career as a painter. Fascinated by photography and discovery of X-rays by Roentgen in 1895, our ingenious self taught engineer joined the laboratory of microphotography in the faculty of medicine in Paris. He published in 1896 studies in the use of X-rays associated with a compass for research and anatomical localization of foreign bodies in the skull. This work was awarded by the Montyon prize of the French Academy of Sciences in 1897. Appointed chief of radiological laboratories in Paris Hospital in 1898, despite the fact that he was not doctor, he developed his method named metro radiography for localization, then extraction of foreign bodies in all organs mainly during World War 1. He developed with surgeons osteosynthesis and prothesis for wounded soldiers. Early awareness of radiation hazards for physicians, hospital staff and also the neighborhood of the radiological installation, Contremoulins developed ways of protecting source and also promoted the shielding of walls and floors, despite the opposition of some of the radiologists. Retired from the Necker Hospital in 1934, he exercised his talents in the Saint-Germain-en-Laye Hospital for another 16 years. He ended his days in 1950 after he was diagnosed with inoperable cataracts.
Topics: France; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Male; Radiologists; Radiology
PubMed: 33036047
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1701500 -
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics Jul 2016Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) play a key role in protein synthesis as adaptor molecules between messenger RNA and protein sequences on the ribosome. Their discovery in the early... (Review)
Review
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) play a key role in protein synthesis as adaptor molecules between messenger RNA and protein sequences on the ribosome. Their discovery in the early sixties provoked a worldwide infatuation with the study of their architecture and their function in the decoding of genetic information. tRNAs are also emblematic molecules in crystallography: the determination of the first tRNA crystal structures represented a milestone in structural biology and tRNAs were for a long period the sole source of information on RNA folding, architecture, and post-transcriptional modifications. Crystallographic data on tRNAs in complex with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) also provided the first insight into protein:RNA interactions. Beyond the translation process and the history of structural investigations on tRNA, this review also illustrates the renewal of tRNA biology with the discovery of a growing number of tRNA partners in the cell, the involvement of tRNAs in a variety of regulatory and metabolic pathways, and emerging applications in biotechnology and synthetic biology.
Topics: Computer Simulation; Models, Molecular; Protein Conformation; RNA, Transfer; Scattering, Small Angle; X-Ray Diffraction
PubMed: 26968773
DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.03.005 -
Zeitschrift Fur Medizinische Physik Mar 2015It is 40 years ago that a very popular X-ray device disappeared in German shoe shops: the shoe-fitting fluoroscope or Pedoskop. Since the 1930s, these X-ray machines... (Review)
Review
It is 40 years ago that a very popular X-ray device disappeared in German shoe shops: the shoe-fitting fluoroscope or Pedoskop. Since the 1930s, these X-ray machines were an integral part of any good shoe business. Following the entry into force X-Ray Regulation (RöV 1973) the use of these devices was prohibited in Germany.
Topics: Body Burden; Equipment Design; Equipment Safety; Fluoroscopy; Foot; Humans; Radiation Exposure; Radiation Injuries; Shoes; X-Rays
PubMed: 25023417
DOI: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2014.06.007 -
Health Policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Sep 2015Lean seems to be the next revolution for a better, improved, value-based healhcare. In the last 15 years Lean has been increasingly adapted and adopted in healthcare.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Lean seems to be the next revolution for a better, improved, value-based healhcare. In the last 15 years Lean has been increasingly adapted and adopted in healthcare. Accordingly, Lean healthcare has been developing into a major strand of research since the early 2000s. The aim of this work is to present a comprehensive overview of the main issues highlighted by research on implementation of Lean in a complex contest such as the healthcare one.
METHOD
Comprehensive literature review was conducted in order to identify empirical and theoretical articles published up to September 2013. Thematic analysis was performed in order to extract and synthesis data.
FINDINGS
243 articles were selected for analysis. Lean is best understood as a means to increase productivity. Hospital is the more explored setting, with emergency and surgery as the pioneer departments. USA appears to be the leading country for number of applications. The theoretical works have been focused mainly on barriers, challenges and success factors. Sustainability, framework for measurement and critical appraisal remain underestimated themes. Evaluations of "system wide approach" are still low in number.
CONCLUSION
Even though Lean results appear to be promising, findings so far do not allow to draw a final word on its positive impacts or challenges when introduced in the healthcare sector. Scholars are called to explore further the potentiality and the weaknesses of Lean, above all as for the magnitude of investments required and for the engagement of the whole organization it represents increasingly strategic choice, whilst health professionals, managers and policy makers could and should learn from research how to play a pivotal role for a more effective implementation of lean in different health contexts.
Topics: Delivery of Health Care; Humans; Organizational Innovation; Quality Improvement; Quality of Health Care
PubMed: 25737260
DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2015.02.002 -
Nano Letters May 2023The rotational response of quantum condensed fluids is strikingly distinct from rotating classical fluids, especially notable for the excitation and ordering of...
The rotational response of quantum condensed fluids is strikingly distinct from rotating classical fluids, especially notable for the excitation and ordering of quantized vortex ensembles. Although widely studied in conservative systems, the dynamics of rotating open-dissipative superfluids such as exciton-polariton condensates remains largely unexplored, as it requires high-frequency rotation while avoiding resonantly driving the condensate. We create a rotating polariton condensate at gigahertz frequencies by off-resonantly pumping with a rotating optical stirrer composed of the time-dependent interference of two frequency-offset, structured laser modes. Acquisition of angular momentum exceeding the critical 1/particle is directly measured, accompanied by the deterministic nucleation and capture of quantized vortices with a handedness controlled by the pump rotation direction. The demonstration of controlled optical rotation of a spontaneously formed polariton condensate enables new opportunities for the study of open dissipative superfluidity, ordering of non-Hermitian quantized vortex matter, and topological states in a highly nonlinear, photonic platform.
PubMed: 37129463
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01021 -
Oral Radiology May 2018Oral and maxillofacial radiology became the ninth dental specialty recognized by the American Dental Association (ADA) in 1999. This came about following the discovery... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Oral and maxillofacial radiology became the ninth dental specialty recognized by the American Dental Association (ADA) in 1999. This came about following the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895 and, 14 days later, the application of X-rays to making dental radiographs by Otto Walkhoff. The purpose of this narrative study was to review the evolution of oral and maxillofacial radiology as a dental specialty in the USA and its recognition as a program of training by the West African College of Surgeons.
METHODS
This study was conceptualized as a narrative review of the literature focusing on the history and development of oral and maxillofacial radiology in the USA. It builds a synthesis that describes the recognition of oral and maxillofacial radiology as a specialty of dentistry in West Africa, UK, Japan, and Australia.
RESULTS
The main finding was that oral and maxillofacial radiology became the ninth specialty recognized by the American Dental Association, ADA, in October 13, 1999. On March 20, 2014, the West African College of Surgeons recognized this specialty and granted accreditation for postgraduate training. In the UK, Japan, and Australia, the postgraduate education in oral and maxillofacial radiology has two patterns, namely professional training and academic training.
CONCLUSIONS
The primary goal of the postgraduate training curriculum is to train radiologists who are competent to deliver care to patients in any clinical setting, including a dental school, hospital radiology practice, or private practice.
Topics: Africa, Western; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Radiology; Specialties, Dental
PubMed: 30484127
DOI: 10.1007/s11282-017-0285-9 -
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma... Aug 2022Uncemented stem migration analysis by EBRA-FCA (Einzel-Bild-Roentgen Analyse, Femoral Component Analyse) has been seen to be a good predictive indicator for early... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Uncemented stem migration analysis by EBRA-FCA (Einzel-Bild-Roentgen Analyse, Femoral Component Analyse) has been seen to be a good predictive indicator for early implant failure. In this study, we investigated the migration behavior of a cementless metaphyseal-anchored press-fit stem after 4-year follow-up.
METHODS
Applying a retrospective study design, we reviewed all consecutive patients who between 2012 and 2017 received a cementless Accolade II press-fit stem at our Department. We reviewed medical histories and performed radiological measurements using EBRA-FCA software. EBRA-FCA measurements and statistical investigations were performed by two independent investigators.
RESULTS
A total of 102 stems in 91 patients (female 60; male 31) fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Mean age at surgery was 66.2 (range 24.3-92.6) years. EBRA migration analysis showed a mean subsidence of 1.4 mm (range 0.0-12.0) at final follow-up. The angle between stem and femur axis was 0.5° (range 0.0°-2.8°) after 48 months. No correlations between gender or Dorr types and subsidence were found (p > 0.05). A body mass index > 30 kg/m showed a significant increase in stem subsidence within the first 6 (p = 0.0258) and 12 months (p = 0.0466) postoperative.
CONCLUSIONS
Migration pattern of the metaphyseal-anchored stem and a low subsidence rate at final follow-up may predict a good long-term clinical result.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Number: 20181024-1875.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; Female; Femur; Follow-Up Studies; Hip Prosthesis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prosthesis Design; Prosthesis Failure; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 34287700
DOI: 10.1007/s00402-021-04068-8 -
Cancers Jun 2022Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, characterized by an insidious onset and poor prognosis strongly associated with tumor size... (Review)
Review
Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, characterized by an insidious onset and poor prognosis strongly associated with tumor size and the presence of distant metastases, most commonly in the liver. Contrary to most tumor identification, a biopsy followed by a pathological exam is used only in certain cases. Therefore, an early and noninvasive diagnosis is essential to enhance patients' chances for early treatment. We reviewed imaging modalities currently used in the diagnostics of uveal melanoma, including fundus imaging, ultrasonography (US), optical coherence tomography (OCT), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), as well as positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The principle of imaging techniques is briefly explained, along with their role in the diagnostic process and a summary of their advantages and limitations. Further, the experimental data and the advancements in imaging modalities are explained. We describe UM imaging innovations, show their current usage and development, and explain the possibilities of utilizing such modalities to diagnose uveal melanoma in the future.
PubMed: 35804919
DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133147