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International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2022The aim of the research is to present a level of hope in people in the terminal phase of cancer who differ in terms of mood: cheerful vs. sad. The study group consisted...
The aim of the research is to present a level of hope in people in the terminal phase of cancer who differ in terms of mood: cheerful vs. sad. The study group consisted of 246 patients. Their average age was 59.5. The youngest respondent was 18 and the oldest was 90. The Personal Card tests by T. Witkowski (KI) and B.L. Block (NCN-36), designed for people struggling with serious life-threatening diseases, were used. The test consists of four scales distinguished by factor analysis. Each scale comprises of eight items. The following are used to study hope: the situational dimension-health; the telek-temporal dimension-goals; the spiritual dimension-religious beliefs; and the emotional-affective dimension-motivations. In the global view, the hope of the subjects was moderate. In the situational dimension-health, the telek-temporal dimension-goals, and the spiritual dimension-religious beliefs, people with a generally cheerful mood had stronger hope, in comparison to people with a sad mood. Only in the emotional-affective dimension-motivations, did people with a sad mood manifest stronger hope in comparison to people with a cheerful mood. The conducted research allowed us to conclude that mood is one of the determinants of hope in terminally ill cancer patients.
Topics: Affect; Critical Illness; Hospice Care; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Palliative Care
PubMed: 36011622
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169987 -
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and... Oct 2017
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Brain; Crying; Emotions; Humans; Laughter; Mood Disorders; Sadness
PubMed: 28625974
DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-316240 -
Cognition & Emotion May 2018Experimental induction of sad mood states is a mainstay of laboratory research on affect and cognition, mood regulation, and mood disorders. Typically, the success of...
Experimental induction of sad mood states is a mainstay of laboratory research on affect and cognition, mood regulation, and mood disorders. Typically, the success of such mood manipulations is reported as a statistically significant pre- to post-induction change in the self-rated intensity of the target affect. The present commentary was motivated by an unexpected finding in one of our studies concerning the response rate to a well-validated sad mood induction. Using the customary statistical approach, we found a significant mean increase in self-rated sadness intensity with a moderate effect size, verifying the "success" of the mood induction. However, that "success" masked that, between one-fifth and about one-third of our samples (adolescents who had histories of childhood-onset major depressive disorder and healthy controls) reported absolutely no sadness in response to the mood induction procedure. We consider implications of our experience for emotion research by (1) commenting upon the typically overlooked phenomenon of nonresponse, (2) suggesting changes in reporting practices regarding mood induction success, and (3) outlining future directions to help scientists determine why some subjects do not respond to experimental mood induction.
Topics: Emotions; Humans; Psychological Techniques; Sadness
PubMed: 28466682
DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2017.1321527 -
Emotion (Washington, D.C.) Aug 2022Emotions that differ on the approach-avoidance dimension are thought to have different functions. Based on the motivational dimensional model of affect, we expected...
Emotions that differ on the approach-avoidance dimension are thought to have different functions. Based on the motivational dimensional model of affect, we expected high-approach tendency (and not valence) to facilitate sports performance in a gaming context. Moreover, we expected the influence of high-approach emotions on performance to be mediated by higher levels of cognitive and physiological challenge as an approach-related response. To test these hypotheses, 241 men completed 5 matches of a soccer video game FIFA 19. Before each match, approach tendencies and valence were experimentally manipulated by showing films that elicit amusement, enthusiasm, sadness, anger, and neutral states. Approach tendency, challenge/threat evaluations, cardiovascular responses, and game scores were recorded. After watching enthusiastic and amusing videos, gamers displayed stronger approach tendencies, and, in turn, improved performance, compared to negative emotions and neutral conditions. Moreover, enthusiasm produced a stronger approach tendency and promoted better performance than amusement. Elicitation of unpleasant emotions (anger and sadness) had no effect on approach tendencies or gaming-outcomes relative to the neutral conditions. Across all conditions, gamers with higher levels of cognitive and cardiovascular challenge achieved higher scores. These findings indicate that in a gaming context performance is enhanced by pleasant emotions with high-approach tendencies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Anger; Emotions; Humans; Male; Motivation; Sadness; Video Games
PubMed: 33119343
DOI: 10.1037/emo0000903 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2022Evidence from previous studies has confirmed that functionally impaired elderly individuals are susceptible to comorbid anxiety and depression. Network theory holds that...
BACKGROUND
Evidence from previous studies has confirmed that functionally impaired elderly individuals are susceptible to comorbid anxiety and depression. Network theory holds that the comorbidity emerges from interactions between anxiety and depression symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the fine-grained relationships among anxiety and depression symptoms in the functionally impaired elderly and identify central and bridge symptoms to provide potential targets for intervention of these two comorbid disorders.
METHODS
A total of 325 functionally impaired elderly individuals from five communities in Xi'an, China, were recruited for our investigation. The GAD-7 and PHQ-9 were used to measure anxiety and depression, respectively. SPSS 22.0 software was used for descriptive statistics, and R 4.1.1 software was used for network model construction, expected influence (EI) evaluation and bridge expected influence (BEI) evaluation.
RESULTS
In the network, there were 35 edges (indicating partial correlations between symptoms) across the communities of anxiety and depression, among which the strongest edge was A1 "Nervousness or anxiety"-D2 "Depressed or sad mood." A2 "Uncontrollable worry" and D2 "Depressed or sad mood" had the highest EI values in the network, while A6 "Irritable" and D7 "Concentration difficulties" had the highest BEI values of their respective community. In the flow network, the strongest direct edge of D9 "Thoughts of death" was with D6 "Feeling of worthlessness."
CONCLUSION
Complex fine-grained relationships exist between anxiety and depression in functionally impaired elderly individuals. "Uncontrollable worry," "depressed or sad mood," "irritable" and "concentration difficulties" are identified as the potential targets for intervention of anxiety and depression. Our study emphasizes the necessity of suicide prevention for functionally impaired elderly individuals, and the symptom "feeling of worthlessness" can be used as an effective target.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Depression; Frail Elderly; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Comorbidity
PubMed: 36530716
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1067646 -
Cognitive Processing Nov 2018The purpose of this study was to clarify the impact of different self-centered moods on music preference without listening to music. Participants' affective state (sad... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
The purpose of this study was to clarify the impact of different self-centered moods on music preference without listening to music. Participants' affective state (sad vs. happy vs. neutral) were experimentally manipulated through the mood induction procedure, and then their preferences for music were ascertained through self-reports. To understand participants' internal motivations for their choices, we also asked them to indicate how appropriate he/she felt it would be to select the different music types as well as why they made such choices. Results suggested that participants in a sad mood were inclined to listen to sad (and slow) music, those in a happy mood preferred to listen to happy (and fast) music, and those in a neutral mood did not consistently prefer to listen to neutral music. In addition, participants were averse to sad music when they were in a happy or neutral mood; while they showed no aversion to happy music when they were in a sad mood. In conclusion, individuals select valence-consistent music when they are in an autobiographical memory-induced mood state.
Topics: Adult; Affect; Auditory Perception; Consumer Behavior; Emotions; Female; Happiness; Humans; Male; Music
PubMed: 30003367
DOI: 10.1007/s10339-018-0872-7 -
Journal of Experimental Child Psychology Jul 2024Experimental mood induction procedures are commonly used in studies of children's emotions, although research on their effectiveness is lacking. Studies that support...
Experimental mood induction procedures are commonly used in studies of children's emotions, although research on their effectiveness is lacking. Studies that support their effectiveness report sample-level changes in self-reported affect from pre- to post-induction, and a subset of children who do not self-report expected changes in affect (i.e., "nonresponders"). Given children's limited abilities to self-report their emotions, it is critical to know whether these paradigms also shift physiological and social-cognitive indices of emotion. We hypothesized increases in physiological reactivity and accuracy for discerning facial expressions of negative emotions from pre- to post-induction and smaller increases for nonresponders, Children (N = 80; 7- to 12-year-olds) completed a facial emotion recognition task and had an electrocardiogram recorded to index high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) before and after a mood induction procedure. The mood induction involved watching a 3-min sad film clip while attending to their feelings. In the sample overall, from pre- to post-mood induction, children self-reported significantly sadder affect, displayed significant increases in HF-HRV, and displayed significant increases in accuracy of recognizing facial emotion expressions congruent with the mood induced. One quarter (25%) of the sample did not self-report expected increases in sad affect. Contrary to expectations, responders and nonresponders did not differ in mood-induced changes in physiological reactivity or emotion recognition accuracy. These findings support that mood inductions are efficacious in shifting not only children's self-reported affect but also underlying physiological and social-cognitive processes. Furthermore, they are an effective methodology for research questions related to underlying processes even in self-reported nonresponders.
Topics: Humans; Child; Female; Male; Affect; Facial Expression; Heart Rate; Cognition; Facial Recognition; Self Report; Emotions; Electrocardiography; Sadness
PubMed: 38554697
DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2024.105882 -
The Journal of Nervous and Mental... Jun 2021The specific relationships between impulsiveness, inattention, sad, low mood, and irritability have not been systematically examined in young people with major...
The specific relationships between impulsiveness, inattention, sad, low mood, and irritability have not been systematically examined in young people with major depressive disorder with and without persistent depressive disorder. The relationships are important to clarify because these symptom dimensions may increase suicidal risk in children and adolescents with these depressive disorders. A total of 313 medication-naive young people (aged 6-16 years) with active major depressive disorder (MDD) alone, persistent depressive disorder (DD) alone, and comorbid MDD and DD were identified. "Inattention," "sad/unhappy," and "irritable" mood were identified by parent standardized questionnaire. Standard multiple regression was used to investigate how well inattention, sad/unhappy, and irritable mood predict impulsiveness. Inattention (32% of the variance, increased) and irritable mood (5% of the variance, increased) both made independent significant contributions to impulsiveness, whereas sad/unhappy mood did not. Decreasing irritability via more targeted and comprehensive management approaches may ameliorate impulsiveness in young people with these depressive disorders.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Attention; Child; Child Behavior; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder, Major; Dysthymic Disorder; Female; Humans; Impulsive Behavior; Irritable Mood; Male; Sadness
PubMed: 34037553
DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001293 -
Behavioural Brain Research Oct 2020Until now, depression research has taken a surprisingly narrow approach to modelling the disease, mainly focusing on some form of psychomotor retardation within a... (Review)
Review
Until now, depression research has taken a surprisingly narrow approach to modelling the disease, mainly focusing on some form of psychomotor retardation within a mechanistic framework of depression etiology. However, depression has many symptoms and each is associated with a vast number of substrates. Thus, to deepen our insights, this SI ("Depression Symptoms") reviewed the behavioral and neurobiological sequelae of individual symptoms, specifically, psychomotor retardation, sadness, low motivation, fatigue, sleep/circadian disruption, weight/appetite changes, and cognitive affective biases. This manuscript aims to integrate the most central information provided by the individual reviews. As a result, a dynamic model of depression development is proposed, which views depression as a cumulative process, where different symptoms develop at different stages, referred to as early, intermediate, and advanced, that require treatment with different pharmaceutical agents, that is, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors early on and dopamine-based antidepressants at the advanced stage. Furthermore, the model views hypothalamic disruption as the source of early symptoms and site of early intervention. Longitudinal animal models that are capable of modelling the different stages of depression, including transitions between the stages, may be helpful to uncover novel biomarkers and treatment approaches.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Brain; Circadian Rhythm; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Fatigue; Humans; Hypothalamus; Motivation; Sadness; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
PubMed: 32758506
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112845 -
Developmental Psychobiology Dec 2018Three studies elicited young infants' (aged 17-23 weeks) anger and sad facial expressions during brief contingency disruptions to explore their potential organization...
Three studies elicited young infants' (aged 17-23 weeks) anger and sad facial expressions during brief contingency disruptions to explore their potential organization over time as a biphasic process. Study 1 examined partial correlations among anger, sad, blended anger/sad, and neutral expressions during extinction in three extant, independently recruited samples. Across samples, all three negative expressions were inversely related to neutral expressions, but anger and sad expressions were not significantly correlated when anger/sad blends were controlled. Study 2 compared expressions during contingency and disruption minutes in two groups: one in which the disruption was an extinction phase (the absence of the formerly contingent event), or one in which the disruption was noncontingent presentations of the stimuli. Study 3 examined expression trajectories over time in two contingency and extinction sessions. Independent trajectories of anger and sad expressions occurred over time in Studies 2 and 3. Extinction and noncontingency differed in sad expression. The relation between expressions and blends also varied over time.
Topics: Anger; Extinction, Psychological; Facial Expression; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant Behavior; Learning; Male; Sadness
PubMed: 30221341
DOI: 10.1002/dev.21768