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Journal of the American Academy of... Mar 2022Despite advances in early detection as described in part 1 of this continuing medical education series, melanoma continues to be a large contributor to cutaneous... (Review)
Review
Despite advances in early detection as described in part 1 of this continuing medical education series, melanoma continues to be a large contributor to cutaneous cancer-related mortality. In a subset of patients with unresectable or metastatic disease, surgical clearance is often not possible; therefore, systemic and local therapies are considered. The second article in this series provides dermatologists with an up-to-date working knowledge of the treatment options that may be prescribed by oncologists for patients with unresectable stage III, stage IV, and recurrent melanoma.
Topics: Education, Medical, Continuing; Humans; Immunotherapy; Melanoma; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 34915056
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.09.075 -
Skin Research and Technology : Official... Nov 2018Infrared thermal imaging captures the infrared radiation emitted by the skin surface. The thermograms contain valuable information, since the temperature distribution... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Infrared thermal imaging captures the infrared radiation emitted by the skin surface. The thermograms contain valuable information, since the temperature distribution can be used to characterize physiological anomalies. Thus, the use of infrared thermal imaging (IRT) has been studied as a possible medical tool to aid in the diagnosis of skin oncological lesions. The aim of this review is to assess the current state of the applications of IRT in skin neoplasm identification and characterization.
METHODS
A literature survey was conducted using the reference bibliographic databases: Scopus, PubMed and ISI Web of Science. Keywords (thermography, infrared imaging, thermal imaging and skin cancer) were combined and its presence was verified at the title and abstract of the article or as a main topic. Only articles published after 2013 were considered during this search.
RESULTS
In total, 55 articles were encountered, resulting in 14 publications for revision after applying the exclusion criteria. It was denoted that IRT have been used to characterize and distinguish between malignant and benign neoplasms and different skin cancer types. IRT has also been successfully applied in the treatment evaluation of these types of lesions.
CONCLUSION
Trends and future challenges have been established to improve the application of IRT in this field, disclosing that dynamic thermography is a promising tool for early identification of oncological skin conditions.
Topics: Humans; Infrared Rays; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Skin Temperature; Thermography
PubMed: 29575378
DOI: 10.1111/srt.12469 -
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology Jan 2018Pilomatrix carcinoma is a rare, locally aggressive tumor with a tendency to recur. Distant metastases have been reported, with pulmonary lesions being the most frequent... (Review)
Review
Pilomatrix carcinoma is a rare, locally aggressive tumor with a tendency to recur. Distant metastases have been reported, with pulmonary lesions being the most frequent manifestation. Similar to pilomatrixoma, pilomatrix carcinoma typically presents as a nontender, firm dermal swelling and is found most commonly in the head and neck region. Although pilomatrixomas and pilomatrix carcinoma are well-recognized lesions, clinically they are frequently misdiagnosed as other skin conditions. By reviewing the literature over the past 10 years, the aims of this review are to analyze the cause, clinical presentation, histopathologic features, management and outcomes of pilomatrix carcinoma amongst children and adults.
Topics: Adult; Carcinoma; Child; Female; Hair Diseases; Humans; Male; Pilomatrixoma; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 28914451
DOI: 10.1111/cup.13046 -
Annales de Dermatologie Et de... Dec 2014
Review
Topics: Antigens, CD; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous; Humans; Leiomyosarcoma; Skin Neoplasms; Vimentin
PubMed: 25433934
DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2014.05.006 -
Surgical Oncology Clinics of North... Jul 2020This article presents the current data supporting adjuvant therapy for patients with cutaneous melanoma. With the recent development of novel immunotherapy agents as... (Review)
Review
This article presents the current data supporting adjuvant therapy for patients with cutaneous melanoma. With the recent development of novel immunotherapy agents as well as targeted therapy, there are strong data to support the use of these therapies in patients at high risk of developing recurrent or metastatic disease.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Humans; Melanoma; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 32482320
DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2020.02.009 -
La Revue Du Praticien Dec 2022THERAPEUTIC REVOLUTIONS AGAINST MELANOMA. Responsible for 90% of skin cancer deaths, melanoma is the most aggressive skin tumor. Although the main risk factor is known,...
THERAPEUTIC REVOLUTIONS AGAINST MELANOMA. Responsible for 90% of skin cancer deaths, melanoma is the most aggressive skin tumor. Although the main risk factor is known, its incidence doubles every 10 years. Actually, intense and repeated ultraviolet radiation exposure during childhood and adolescence is significantly associated with the development of melanoma. Therefore, rules of photo-protection must be taught and applied from an early age. In addition, to diagnose melanoma as soon as possible is a major challenge as it is a particularly aggressive disease. At a localized stage, surgical management is sufficient, while the risk of recurrence persists. Consequently, medical follow-up and education in self-screening are essential. Treatment of advanced forms evolved over the past decade improving patient prognosis. Alternative treatment strategies are being assessed to improve survival, avoid relapse and reduce side effects. Knowing the high rate of early metastasis in case of stages III and IV melanoma, adjuvant treatment showed notable results that could be adjusted by neo-adjuvant therapies, which are also being studied in earlier stages. The aim of this article is to review the diagnosis and up-to-date treatments of melanoma, as well as the results of the latest studies. We tried to be as thorough as possible and to emphasize the importance of primary and secondary prevention. Eventually, we stressed out the need for non-dermatological practitioners to share this knowledge and to be aware of the management of a patient with a suspicious skin lesion.
Topics: Humans; Ultraviolet Rays; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Melanoma; Skin Neoplasms; Combined Modality Therapy
PubMed: 36891784
DOI: No ID Found -
Archives of Dermatological Research Jul 2022Trichoblastic carcinoma is a rare neoplasm thought to arise from malignant degeneration of benign follicular tumors. Its clinical features, optimal treatment, and... (Review)
Review
Trichoblastic carcinoma is a rare neoplasm thought to arise from malignant degeneration of benign follicular tumors. Its clinical features, optimal treatment, and outcomes remain largely unknown. We performed a comprehensive review of the existing trichoblastic carcinoma literature. PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for keywords related to trichoblastic carcinoma, and additional articles were found in reference lists. Cases with a histopathologic diagnosis of trichoblastic carcinoma were summarized. A total of 93 cases have been described, all in case reports or case series. The average age was 65, with 66.7% of cases in males. A minority of patients had familial tumor syndromes or a history of radiation at the site, and only one was reported to be immunosuppressed. The most common site was the face (48.4%), and the majority developed de novo (87.1%). The clinical presentation was highly variable. Although most cases (82.8%) were successfully treated with surgery alone, a subset of patients had more aggressive disease including local progression or recurrence in five cases, nodal metastases in five cases, and distant metastases in three cases. Trichoblastic carcinoma is a rare malignancy with the potential for aggressive behavior. Further research is needed to better characterize this neoplasm.
Topics: Aged; Carcinoma; Face; Hair Diseases; Humans; Male; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 33993349
DOI: 10.1007/s00403-021-02241-y -
Cells Oct 2021Different types of cells, such as endothelial cells, tumor-associated fibroblasts, pericytes, and immune cells, release extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the tumor... (Review)
Review
Different types of cells, such as endothelial cells, tumor-associated fibroblasts, pericytes, and immune cells, release extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the tumor microenvironment. The components of EVs include proteins, DNA, RNA, and microRNA. One of the most important functions of EVs is the transfer of aforementioned bioactive molecules, which in cancer cells may affect tumor growth, progression, angiogenesis, and metastatic spread. Furthermore, EVs affect the presentation of antigens to immune cells via the transfer of nucleic acids, peptides, and proteins to recipient cells. Recent studies have also explored the potential application of EVs in cancer treatment. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which EVs regulate melanoma development, progression, and their potentials to be applied in therapy. We initially describe vesicle components; discuss their effects on proliferation, anti-melanoma immunity, and drug resistance; and finally focus on the effects of EV-derived microRNAs on melanoma pathobiology. This work aims to facilitate our understanding of the influence of EVs on melanoma biology and initiate ideas for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Topics: Animals; Disease Progression; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Extracellular Vesicles; Humans; Melanoma; Models, Biological; Skin Neoplasms; Tumor Microenvironment; Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant
PubMed: 34685720
DOI: 10.3390/cells10102740 -
Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and... Jun 2018Melanoma is an aggressive cancer that arises from melanocytes that can both locally invade surrounding tissues as well as metastasize systemically. If detected early,... (Review)
Review
Melanoma is an aggressive cancer that arises from melanocytes that can both locally invade surrounding tissues as well as metastasize systemically. If detected early, melanoma can be curable with surgical resection. However, despite complete removal, high-risk resected melanomas have a significant rate of both local and distant recurrence. Curative treatment options are typically limited for patients who develop distant recurrence after resections of their primary melanoma. Therefore, adjuvant therapy is typically given after complete resection of high-risk melanomas to try and reduce the risk of recurrent disease. Adjuvant therapy for high-risk resected melanoma has changed considerably over the past couple of years due to the availability of new melanoma therapies that are active in the metastatic setting. Here, we review the new treatment options and ongoing clinical research for adjuvant therapy.
Topics: Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; Humans; Melanoma; Neoplasm Staging; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 30040087
DOI: 10.12788/j.sder.2018.022 -
Current Opinion in Hematology Mar 2020Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and aggressive hematologic malignancy with historically poor outcomes. It typically manifests as... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and aggressive hematologic malignancy with historically poor outcomes. It typically manifests as asymptomatic skin lesions and cytopenias, which result from bone marrow involvement. Less commonly, it will present in lymph nodes or visceral organs as well. Although rare, BPDCN has been discussed more frequently in recent years as new drugs have been developed that could be effective at treating this disease.
RECENT FINDINGS
Until recently, treatment for BPDCN commonly included intensive chemotherapy regimens, which are generally reserved for management of acute myeloid leukemia or acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, in 2018 tagraxofusp (SL-401) was approved as the only treatment specifically indicated for BPDCN. Additional clinical trials are ongoing evaluating the efficacy of newer agents, which could potentially further improve the long-term outcomes for patients with BPDCN.
SUMMARY
This manuscript reviews the diagnosis, manifestations and treatment of BPDCN.
Topics: Dendritic Cells; Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Soft Tissue Neoplasms
PubMed: 31972688
DOI: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000569