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Sports Health 2024
Topics: Humans; Hamstring Muscles; Sprains and Strains; Athletic Injuries
PubMed: 37278326
DOI: 10.1177/19417381231175880 -
Radiology Jul 2017
Topics: Adult; Athletic Injuries; Fingers; Humans; Male; Radiography; Sprains and Strains
PubMed: 28628404
DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2017152588 -
Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) Nov 2014Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a term used to identify certain insufficiencies of the ankle joint complex following an acute ankle injury. Acute ankle injuries are... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a term used to identify certain insufficiencies of the ankle joint complex following an acute ankle injury. Acute ankle injuries are often associated with sporting mishaps; however, this review was the first to identify the aspects of CAI (perceived instability, mechanical instability and recurrent sprain), and persisting symptoms following an ankle sprain, that have been reported within sporting cohorts.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the presence of common aspects of CAI within individual sports.
METHODS
A systematic search of the MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and AMED databases up until 1 October, 2013 produced 88 studies appropriate for review. A calculated weighted percentage of the outcome data allowed the comparison of figures across a range of sports.
RESULTS
Soccer, basketball and volleyball were the most represented sports and recurrent ankle injury/sprain was the most reported aspect of CAI. Soccer had the highest percentage of participants with recurrent sprain (61%) and mechanical instability (38%), whilst track and field had the highest percentage of participants with perceived instability (41%). Gymnasts had the highest percentage of ankles with persisting symptoms following an initial ankle sprain.
CONCLUSION
This review was the first to assess aspects of CAI within sporting cohorts and has identified limitations to the research reporting these data. The problem of CAI across a range of sports remains unclear and thus advocates the need for further controlled research in the area to ascertain the true extent of CAI within sporting populations.
Topics: Ankle Injuries; Ankle Joint; Athletic Injuries; Basketball; Chronic Disease; Humans; Joint Instability; Prevalence; Recurrence; Soccer; Sprains and Strains; Volleyball
PubMed: 24981244
DOI: 10.1007/s40279-014-0218-2 -
Der Unfallchirurg Sep 2018
Topics: Ankle Injuries; Foot Injuries; Humans; Sprains and Strains
PubMed: 30151744
DOI: 10.1007/s00113-018-0524-5 -
Foot and Ankle Clinics Jun 2023Acute ankle sprains are common sports injuries. MRI is the most accurate test for assessing the integrity and severity of ligament injuries in acute ankle sprains.... (Review)
Review
Acute ankle sprains are common sports injuries. MRI is the most accurate test for assessing the integrity and severity of ligament injuries in acute ankle sprains. However, MRI may not detect syndesmotic and hindfoot instability, and many ankle sprains are treated conservatively, questioning the value of MRI. In our practice, MRI adds value in confirming the absence or presence of ankle sprain-associated hindfoot and midfoot injuries, especially when clinical examinations are challenging, radiographs are inconclusive, and subtle instability is suspected. This article reviews and illustrates the MRI appearances of the spectrum of ankle sprains and associated hindfoot and midfoot injuries.
Topics: Humans; Sprains and Strains; Athletic Injuries; Ligaments, Articular; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Ankle Injuries
PubMed: 37137621
DOI: 10.1016/j.fcl.2023.01.011 -
Research in Sports Medicine (Print) 2018To systematically review published literature on pediatric snowboard injuries, a literature search was performed in PubMed for "snowboard*". Studies must 1) have been... (Review)
Review
To systematically review published literature on pediatric snowboard injuries, a literature search was performed in PubMed for "snowboard*". Studies must 1) have been primary research; 2) included at least 10 snowboarders; 3) included children and/or adolescents 4) reported specific injury outcomes, risk factors, or injury prevention program effectiveness. The overall injury rates ranged from 0.5 per 1,000 runs to 420 per 1,000 snowboarders. The most common injuries types were fractures, sprains and strains. Most injuries occurred to an upper extremity or the head. Falls and collisions were the most common mechanisms. Snowboarders who were younger, female, had less snowboard experience, or had a previous injury were at greater risk for injury. Wearing wrist guards had a protective effect. Injury rates varied by injury denominator and source of data. Injury prevention efforts should evaluate modifiable extrinsic risk factors, such as strategies to increase use of protective equipment.
Topics: Adolescent; Athletic Injuries; Child; Female; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Male; Risk Factors; Skiing; Sprains and Strains
PubMed: 30431362
DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2018.1438277 -
Journal of Special Operations Medicine... Jun 2022This article reviews hazards associated with obstacle course events (OCEs) like the Spartan Race and Tough Mudder, which are becoming increasingly popular, and provides... (Review)
Review
This article reviews hazards associated with obstacle course events (OCEs) like the Spartan Race and Tough Mudder, which are becoming increasingly popular, and provides strategies to mitigate these hazards. In seven studies, the overall weighted incidence of participants seeking medical care during OCEs was only 1.4% with ~6% of these requiring higher level medical care at a hospital. Nonetheless, 27% of participants self-reported =1 extremity injury. Common OCE medical problems included sprains/strains and dermatological injuries (abrasions/laceration/blisters); the ankle and knee were common injury locations. There are reports microorganism infections during OCEs, associated with ingestion of contaminated water and mud. On military obstacle courses, ~5% were injured, but this activity has the highest injury rate (injuries/hour of training) of all major testing or training activities. Ankle sprain risk can be reduced with proprioceptive training and prophylactic ankle bracing. Knee injury risk can be reduced with exercise-based programs that incorporate various components of proprioceptive training, plyometrics, resistance exercises, stretching, and shuttle/bounding running. Reducing abrasions and lacerations involve wearing low friction clothing, gloves, and prophylactic covering of skin areas prone to abrasions/lacerations with specific protective materials. Reducing blister likelihood involves use of antiperspirants without emollients, specialized sock systems, and covering areas prone to blisters with paper tape. Reducing infections from microorganism can be accomplished by protective covering open wounds, rinsing off mud post-race, and avoiding ingestion of food and drink contaminated with mud. These chiefly evidence-based injury and illness prevention measures should minimize the risks associated with OCEs.
Topics: Ankle Injuries; Blister; Braces; Humans; Lacerations; Sprains and Strains
PubMed: 35649408
DOI: 10.55460/M457-YZ98 -
Foot and Ankle Surgery : Official... Apr 2022Ankle trauma in children and adolescents is the most common orthopedic injury encountered in pediatric trauma. It has long been recognized that a lateral ankle injury in... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Ankle trauma in children and adolescents is the most common orthopedic injury encountered in pediatric trauma. It has long been recognized that a lateral ankle injury in this population is often a Salter and Harris type I fracture of the distal fibula (SH1). The purpose of this study is to confirm the existence of a lateral ankle sprain and to report the incidence of each pathology of the lateral ankle compartment: SH1 fracture, ATFL injury, and osteochondral avulsions.
METHODS
A systematic review of the literature is done using the database provided by PubMed and Embase. All articles reporting the incidence of imaging modality-confirmed lateral ankle injury (SH1, ATFL injury, osteochondral avulsion) in children and adolescents were included. Exclusion criteria were the following: case reports or articles with less than ten subjects, unspecified imaging modality and articles unrelated to lateral ankle lesions. Thus, 237 titles and abstracts were selected, 25 were analyzed thoroughly, and 11 articles were included for final analysis.
RESULTS
SH1 fractures were found in 0-57.5% of the cases in all series and 0-3% in the most recent series. A diagnosis of an ATFL injury was found in 3.2-80% and an osteochondral avulsion of the distal fibula in 6-28.1%. The most recent series report 76-80% and 62% for ATFL injury and osteochondral avulsion respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a non-negligible incidence of ATFL sprains and fibular tip avulsions in patients with a suspected SH1 fracture of the distal fibula. According to recent evidence and MRI examinations, the most common injuries of the pediatric ankle are ATFL sprain and osteochondral avulsions. This should be taken into consideration in daily practice when ordering radiological examination and deciding on treatment modalities.
Topics: Adolescent; Ankle Injuries; Ankle Joint; Child; Fibula; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Lateral Ligament, Ankle; Sprains and Strains
PubMed: 33965308
DOI: 10.1016/j.fas.2021.04.010 -
Clinics in Sports Medicine Oct 2020Surgical management for chronic lateral ankle ligament instability is useful when patients have failed nonoperative modalities. Open anatomic reconstruction is an... (Review)
Review
Surgical management for chronic lateral ankle ligament instability is useful when patients have failed nonoperative modalities. Open anatomic reconstruction is an effective method of stabilization. Ankle arthroscopy is a recommended to address intra-articular disorder before stabilization. An anatomic approach provides full range of motion, stability, and return to sport and activity. Allograft or suture tape augmentation can be useful for patients with generalized ligamentous laxity, patients with high body mass index, and elite athletes. Allograft reconstruction may be especially useful in revision procedures. Arthroscopic approach to lateral ankle ligament stabilization may provide good outcomes, with long-term data still limited.
Topics: Ankle Injuries; Chronic Disease; Humans; Joint Instability; Lateral Ligament, Ankle; Orthopedic Procedures; Recurrence; Sprains and Strains; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32892970
DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2020.07.004 -
Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) 2023Miranda et al. reported a correlation between the significance of injuries to osseous, chondral, tendon, and ligamentous tissues in participants with low-grade versus...
UNLABELLED
Miranda et al. reported a correlation between the significance of injuries to osseous, chondral, tendon, and ligamentous tissues in participants with low-grade versus high-grade acute ankle sprains. They demonstrated that participants with high-grade ankle sprains presented with shorter calcaneonavicular distances and increased rates of structural abnormalities compared to those with low-grade sprains. Special attention should be paid to acute ankle sprains in emergency settings to avoid failure in detecting severe injuries that could lead to chronic pain, impairment, or instability. Participants presenting acute ankle sprains (<15 days) were divided into low-grade versus high-grade sprain,according to the presence of a complete tear in at least one component of lateral ligament complex. High-grade ankle sprains group presented increased rates of medial malleolus bone bruise, deltoid ligament tears,extensor retinaculum lesions, and articular effusion. The calcaneonavicular distance was statistically shorter in patients with high-grade sprains (median, 3.0mm) when compared to those with low-grade sprains (median, 4.0mm) Objective: To correlate the significance of osseous, chondral, tendon, and ligamentous injuries with anatomical variations in low-grade versus high-grade acute ankle sprains.
METHODS
We retrospectively identified the magnetic resonance imaging findings of acute ankle sprains (<15 days). Participants with a history of previous sprains, arthritis, tumors, infections, or inflammatory conditions were excluded. Images were independently evaluated by two musculoskeletal radiologists and assessed for osseous, chondral, tendon, and ligamentous injuries and anatomical variations. Participants were divided into low-grade versus high-grade sprain groups, according to the presence of a complete tear in at least one component of the lateral ligament complex.
RESULTS
The final study group comprised 100 magnetic resonance images (mean age, 36 years), the majority of males (54%), the right ankle (52%), and a mean sprain duration of 5 days. Participants with high-grade sprains presented with increased rates of medial malleolus edema (p<0.001), moderate and large articular effusions (p=0.041), and shorter calcaneonavicular distance (p=0.008). Complete tears of the anterior talofibular ligament and calcaneofibular ligaments were observed in 100% and 51.2% of the participants in the High-Grade Group, respectively. The deltoid ligament complex was partially torn in this group (55.8% versus 8.8%, p<0.001). Extensor tendon retinaculum lesions occurred significantly more frequently in this group (41.9%) compared to the overall study population (23%) (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
Participants with high-grade ankle sprains presented with shorter calcaneonavicular distances and increased rates of medial malleolus edema, deltoid complex partial tears, extensor retinaculum lesions, and articular effusion.
Topics: Male; Humans; Adult; Retrospective Studies; Sprains and Strains; Ankle Joint; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Ankle Injuries; Rupture; Edema
PubMed: 37820199
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2023AO0162