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International Journal of Health... Jan 2022Korean cosmetics sales workers in department stores face harmful working environments, including limited restroom access, working long hours in a standing position, and...
Korean cosmetics sales workers in department stores face harmful working environments, including limited restroom access, working long hours in a standing position, and customer violence. This study investigated health disparities between cosmetics saleswomen and the general population of working women in South Korea. We assessed the prevalence of health indicators, including physician-diagnosed disease, using a cross-sectional survey of 860 Korean cosmetics saleswomen in September 2018. Health indicators of cosmetics saleswomen were compared to those of general working women from the nationally representative datasets (e.g., National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort). We estimated age-standardized prevalence ratios (SPRs) for health outcomes, including physical, mental, and health-related behavioral conditions. Cosmetics saleswomen were more likely to be diagnosed or treated for physical and mental conditions (e.g., cystitis SPR: 4.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.48-4.65; plantar fasciitis SPR: 23.48, 95% CI: 18.12-29.93; varicose vein SPR: 38.41, 95% CI: 32.18-45.49; and depression SPR: 11.18, 95% CI: 8.53-14.40) compared to general working women. Prevalence of smoking and hazardous alcohol consumption was also higher among cosmetics saleswomen than those of general women workers. Given our findings, further research is needed to identify work-related risk factors that could deteriorate cosmetic sales workers' health in South Korea.
Topics: Cosmetics; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Republic of Korea; Standing Position; Toilet Facilities
PubMed: 34166142
DOI: 10.1177/00207314211025490 -
Technology and Health Care : Official... 2018Poor postural control constitutes a major impairment in children with cerebral palsy (CP), compromising everyday activities such as sitting- and standing-position.
BACKGROUND
Poor postural control constitutes a major impairment in children with cerebral palsy (CP), compromising everyday activities such as sitting- and standing-position.
PURPOSE
In this study, we measured trunk sway during sitting- and standing-position. Additionally, we assessed trunk control ability using the trunk impairment scale (TIS), trunk control measurement scale (TCMS), and sitting assessment test for children with neuromotor dysfunction (SACND), in children with CP.
METHODS
Fifteen children (10 boys and 5 girls) were recruited for this study. Trunk sway was measured using a triaxial accelerometer that recorded variation in movement acceleration during quiet sitting- and standing-position.
RESULTS
Anterior-posterior (AP) acceleration was significantly greater in the standing position than the sitting position (p= 0.001). Medio-lateral (ML) acceleration was significantly greater in the standing position than in the sitting position (p= 0.012). The TIS total score showed a moderate negative relationship with AP acceleration (r=-0.635, p= 0.011). The TCMS total score moderately and negatively correlated with AP acceleration (r=-0.582, p= 0.023). The SACND total score moderately and positively correlated with AP acceleration (r= 0.670, p= 0.006).
CONCLUSION
Measurement of trunk sway using a triaxial accelerometer revealed a moderate correlation with trunk control test data and excellent reliability. Our findings suggest that measurement of trunk sway using a triaxial accelerometer is not time-consuming, and is simple and easy. Our approach can be applied in clinical settings to gain information on trunk control in children with CP.
Topics: Accelerometry; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Disability Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Movement; Postural Balance; Posture; Reproducibility of Results; Sitting Position; Standing Position
PubMed: 29991150
DOI: 10.3233/THC-181301 -
European Spine Journal : Official... Mar 2020To investigate the characteristics of standing and sitting spinopelvic sagittal alignment among Chinese healthy population with different age groups.
PURPOSE
To investigate the characteristics of standing and sitting spinopelvic sagittal alignment among Chinese healthy population with different age groups.
METHOD
This cross-sectional, prospective study included a total of 235 volunteers aged 19 to 71 years. Volunteers were divided into two groups: group A (age ≤ 40 years; n = 140) and group B (age > 40 years, n = 95). Student's t test was performed to compare the sagittal parameters including sagittal vertical axis (SVA), T1 pelvic angle (TPA), cervical lordosis (CL), thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis (LL) and pelvic tilt (PT) between standing and sitting positions of two groups. Multiple regression was performed to explore the influence factors of differences between two positions.
RESULTS
In the standing position, group B had larger SVA, TK, PT and TPA than group A. When moving from standing to sitting position, increased SVA and PT were found in both groups, accompanied by decreased LL and TK. However, despite similar change in SVA, group B presented with lesser changes in LL, PT and TPA than group A in sitting position. Age and gender independently influenced the difference in PT and LL.
CONCLUSION
In the standing position, the older volunteers showed larger SVA, TPA, TK, CL and PT than young population. Both groups showed similar changes when moving from standing to sitting, but the differences between the positions were smaller in older population. These characteristics in the standing and sitting positions of different age groups should be considered when planning surgical reconstruction of sagittal alignment. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asian People; China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pelvis; Posture; Sitting Position; Spine; Standing Position; Young Adult
PubMed: 31630266
DOI: 10.1007/s00586-019-06185-w -
BMC Nephrology Mar 2022As hemodialysis is administered with the patient lying down, the distribution of body fluid is stable in the lying position, which is why this position is recommended...
BACKGROUND
As hemodialysis is administered with the patient lying down, the distribution of body fluid is stable in the lying position, which is why this position is recommended for bioimpedance analysis (BIA). Although the InBody S10 is widely used for hemodialysis patients in the lying position, clinicians must make the measurements in person. In contrast, patients can use the InBody 770 to obtain measurements by themselves in the standing position, which may be more convenient. Therefore, this study compared the measurements of hemodialysis patients' estimated target weight and ECW/TBW obtained lying down using the S10 to those obtained in the standing position using the 770.
METHODS
This study was conducted among maintenance hemodialysis patients at Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital in October 2020. Measurements from 56 patients before and after hemodialysis were obtained using the 2 machines. Each (S10 or 770) estimated target weight, both pre- and post-hemodialysis, was considered ideal when the ECW/TBW ratio was 0.380. R was calculated and the Bland-Altman test was performed.
RESULTS
The patients' median age was 64 years old, and 51% were men. The actual ultrafiltration was 2 kg, and the mean TBW change measured using the InBody devices was 1.5 L (R = 0.718) for the S10 and 1.7 L (R = 0.616) for the 770. The estimated target weight at pre- and post-hemodialysis showed a remarkably high correlation with the patients' actual pre- and post-hemodialysis weight (R > 0.095). The correlation between these measurements (lying vs. standing) before and after hemodialysis was also very close (R = 1.0000). In addition, ECW/TBW had a good correlation (R2 ≥ 0.970) The Bland-Altman test of dry weight and ECW/TBW yielded similar results.
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that patients' estimated target weights in the lying position using the InBody S10 device and in the standing position using the InBody 770 device were consistent in both pre- and post-hemodialysis states.
Topics: Body Composition; Body Water; Electric Impedance; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Renal Dialysis; Standing Position; Ultrafiltration
PubMed: 35300597
DOI: 10.1186/s12882-022-02737-3 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2022Few standards and guidelines to prevent health problems have been associated with tablet use. We estimated the effects of posture and tablet tilt angle on muscle...
Few standards and guidelines to prevent health problems have been associated with tablet use. We estimated the effects of posture and tablet tilt angle on muscle activity and posture in healthy young adults. Seventeen healthy young adults (age: 20.5 ± 3 years) performed a cognitive task using a tablet in two posture (sitting and standing) and tablet tilt angle (0 degrees and 45 deg) conditions. Segment and joint kinematics were evaluated using 16 inertial measurement unit sensors. Neck, trunk, and upper limb electromyography (EMG) activities were monitored using 12 EMG sensors. Perceived discomfort, kinematics, and EMG activities were compared between conditions using the Friedman test. The perceived discomfort in the standing-0 deg condition was significantly higher than in the remaining three conditions. Standing posture and tablet inclination significantly reduced the sagittal segment and joint angles of the spine, compared with sitting and flat tablet conditions. Similarly, standing posture and tablet inclination significantly reduced EMG activities of the dorsal neck, upper, and lower trunk muscles, while increasing EMG activity of shoulder flexors. Standing posture and tablet inclination reduced the sagittal flexion angle, and dorsal neck, upper, and lower trunk muscle activities, while potentially increasing the muscle activity of arm flexors.
Topics: Young Adult; Humans; Adolescent; Adult; Sitting Position; Standing Position; Posture; Biomechanical Phenomena; Electromyography; Muscle, Skeletal
PubMed: 36365931
DOI: 10.3390/s22218237 -
Proceedings of the Institution of... Dec 2021Stability plays a vital role in any robotic system. Its significance increases in systems related to health and medicine. For rehabilitation devices meant for Spinal...
Stability plays a vital role in any robotic system. Its significance increases in systems related to health and medicine. For rehabilitation devices meant for Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) patients, stability is crucial and key element in ensuring patient safety and the usefulness of the devices. In this study, kinematics, force analysis, and the static tip-over stability of a device for rehabilitation of paraplegic patients is discussed. Kinematics modeling and static force analysis provide critical information about position and loading at different points on the device. Force-Angle Stability Criterion is used to find the static tip-over stability of the device while the patient is on board the device. The Criterion relies on the support boundary, tip-over mode axes, and the Center of Mass (COM) of the complete system. The Criterion is sensitive to the COM position and therefore is more suitable for the application. The linear actuator mounted on the device causes the end effector of the device to move. The patient, strapped with the end effector, in turn moves from sitting position to standing position. The study focuses on the analysis of stability based on changing COM during this motion. The results verify that although the system is well within the stability bounds, it is more stable as it moves from sitting position to standing position.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Humans; Paraplegia; Self-Help Devices; Sitting Position; Spinal Cord Injuries; Standing Position
PubMed: 34405752
DOI: 10.1177/09544119211036954 -
International Journal of Environmental... Apr 2022Prior investigations have been primarily conducted in a laboratory to examine the effects of the smartphone use on the neck and head positions, whether these results are...
Prior investigations have been primarily conducted in a laboratory to examine the effects of the smartphone use on the neck and head positions, whether these results are applicable to actual conditions is still unknown. This field survey thus analyzed the neck flexion (NF), head flexion (HF), gaze angle (GA), and viewing distance (VD) of smartphone users in public areas in Taipei, Taiwan. Six hundred smartphone users (300 men and 300 women) were photographed sagittally in standing, supported sitting, or unsupported sitting postures while using a smartphone. Results showed that women had significantly less NF and HF and shorter VDs than male users. Regardless of gender, higher NF was observed for standing than for sitting. Women had similar NF and HF while sitting supported and unsupported, but both were significantly lower than those while standing. By contrast, male users had higher NF and HF during unsupported sitting than during supported sitting. The NF (45°-50°) was much greater than the recommended maximum safe NF of 15°. Women may be at higher risk of visual strain because of shorter VD.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Neck; Posture; Sitting Position; Smartphone; Standing Position
PubMed: 35457450
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084583 -
PloS One 2022Balance can be a main factor contributing to success in many disciplines, and biathlon is a representative example. A more stable posture may be a key factor for...
Balance can be a main factor contributing to success in many disciplines, and biathlon is a representative example. A more stable posture may be a key factor for shooting scores. The center of foot pressure (COP) is commonly recorded when evaluating postural control. As COP measurements are highly irregular and non-stationary, non-linear deterministic methods, such as entropy, are more appropriate for the analysis of COP displacement. The aim of our study was to investigate whether the longitudinal effects of biathlon training can elicit specific changes in postural control. Eight national-level biathletes, 15 non-athletes who prior to the experiment took part in 3 months of shooting training, and 15 non-athletes with no prior rifle shooting experience took part in our study. The data was collected with the use of a force plate. Participants performed three balance tasks in quiet standing, the shooting position (internal focus-participants concentrated on maintaining the correct body position and rifle), and aiming at the target (external focus-participants concentrated on keeping the laser beam centered on the targets). Biathletes obtained significantly lower values of sample entropy compared to the other groups during the shooting and aiming at the target trials (p<0.05). External and internal focuses influenced the process of postural control among participants who had prior rifle shooting experience and the control group; they obtained significantly higher values of sample entropy while shooting and aiming at the target compared to the quiet standing trial (p<0.05). The biathletes obtained significantly lower values of sample entropy in the aiming at the target position compared to the quiet standing trial. Specific balance training is associated with the ability to deal with a more challenging, non-specific task. The biathletes seemed to employ a different motor control strategy than the beginners and control group, creating repeating patterns (more regular signal for COP) to keep one's balance during the shooting and aiming at the target positions.
Topics: Athletes; Firearms; Humans; Postural Balance; Posture; Standing Position
PubMed: 35503761
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267105 -
Home Healthcare Now
Topics: Humans; Standing Position; Stroke; Stroke Rehabilitation; Telerehabilitation; Weight-Bearing
PubMed: 34473118
DOI: 10.1097/NHH.0000000000001021 -
European Journal of Applied Physiology Jul 2022To counteract the detrimental health effect of sitting all day long, it has been suggested to regularly break sitting time by standing. However, while the difference in...
To counteract the detrimental health effect of sitting all day long, it has been suggested to regularly break sitting time by standing. However, while the difference in energy expenditure, neuromuscular and/or cardiovascular demand of various postures from lying, sitting, and standing is well documented, little is known regarding the dynamic changes occurring during the sit-to-stand transition itself. The aim of the present study was then to describe the cardiometabolic and neuromuscular responses from sitting to standing and specifically during the time-course of this transition. Twelve healthy young participants were asked to perform standardized raises from sitting posture, while cardiometabolic (cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic variables) and neuromuscular (calf muscles' myoelectrical activity, spinal and supraspinal excitabilities) parameters were monitored. As a result, while there was a rapid adaptation for all the systems after rising, the neuromuscular system displayed the faster adaptation (~ 10 s), then hemodynamic (~ 10 to 20 s) and finally the metabolic variables (~ 30 to 40 s). Oxygen uptake, energy expenditure, ventilation, and heart rate were significantly higher and stroke volume significantly lower during standing period compared to sitting one. In calf muscles, spinal excitability (H-reflexes), was lowered by the sit-to-stand condition, while supraspinal drive (V-wave) was similar, indicating different cortico-spinal balance from sitting to standing. Although very heterogenous among participants in terms of magnitude, the present results showed a rapid adaptation for all the systems after rising and the health benefit, notably in terms of energy expenditure, appears rather modest, even if non negligeable.
Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Muscle, Skeletal; Posture; Standing Position; Workplace
PubMed: 35474143
DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-04954-y