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The Psychiatric Clinics of North America Dec 2018Several studies of the prevalence of borderline personality disorder in community and clinical settings have been carried out to date. Although results vary according to... (Review)
Review
Several studies of the prevalence of borderline personality disorder in community and clinical settings have been carried out to date. Although results vary according to sampling method and assessment method, median point prevalence is roughly 1%, with higher or lower rates in certain community subpopulations. In clinical settings, the prevalence is around 10% to 12% in outpatient psychiatric clinics and 20% to 22% among inpatient clinics. Further research is needed to identify the prevalence and correlates of borderline personality disorder in other clinical settings (eg, primary care) and to investigate the impact of demographic variables on borderline personality disorder prevalence.
Topics: Adult; Borderline Personality Disorder; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Global Health; Humans; Prevalence; Primary Health Care; United States
PubMed: 30447724
DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2018.07.008 -
Journal of Psychiatric Research Sep 2018This review aims to examine the prevalence and incidence of postpartum depression among healthy mothers without prior history of depression including postpartum... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
This review aims to examine the prevalence and incidence of postpartum depression among healthy mothers without prior history of depression including postpartum depression and who gave birth to healthy full-term infants. A systematic search of ClinicalTrials.gov, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and PubMed was performed for English articles from the inception of the database to November 2017, as well as a manual search of the reference lists of the included articles, and an expert panel was consulted. Across 15,895 articles, 58 articles (N = 37,294 women) were included in the review. The incidence of postpartum depression was 12% [95% CI 0.04-0.20] while the overall prevalence of depression was 17% [95% CI 0.15-0.20] among healthy mothers without a prior history of depression. Prevalence was similar regardless of the type of diagnostic tool used; however, there were statistical differences in the prevalence between different geographical regions, with the Middle-East having the highest prevalence (26%, 95% CI 0.13-0.39) and Europe having the lowest (8%, 95% CI 0.05-0.11). There was no statistical difference in prevalence between different screening time points, but an increasing prevalence was observed beyond six months postpartum. Intervention studies often neglect healthy mothers. This review reports a similar prevalence rate of postpartum depression among mothers without history of depression when compared to mothers with history of depression. Thus, future studies should place equal emphasis on this neglected group of mothers so that targeted interventions and follow-ups can be introduced at appropriate time points.
Topics: Databases, Factual; Depression, Postpartum; Female; Humans; Incidence; Mothers; Prevalence
PubMed: 30114665
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.08.001 -
BMJ Open Mar 2022To assess the prevalence, risk factors and psychological impact of infertility among females. This review summarises the available evidence, effect estimates and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
To assess the prevalence, risk factors and psychological impact of infertility among females. This review summarises the available evidence, effect estimates and strength of statistical associations between infertility and its risk factors.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
DATA SOURCES
MEDLINE, CINAHL and ScienceDirect were searched through 23 January 2022.
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
The inclusion criteria involved studies that reported the psychological impact of infertility among women. We included cross-sectional, case-control and cohort designs, published in the English language, conducted in the community, and performed at health institution levels on prevalence, risk factors and psychological impact of infertility in women.
DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS
Two reviewers independently extracted and assess the quality of data using the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis. The outcomes were assessed with random-effects model and reported as the OR with 95% CI using the Review Manager software.
RESULTS
Thirty-two studies with low risk of bias involving 124 556 women were included. The findings indicated the overall pooled prevalence to be 46.25% and 51.5% for infertility and primary infertility, respectively. Smoking was significantly related to infertility, with the OR of 1.85 (95% CI 1.08 to 3.14) times higher than females who do not smoke. There was a statistical significance between infertility and psychological distress among females, with the OR of 1.63 (95% CI 1.24 to 2.13). A statistical significance was noted between depression and infertility among females, with the OR of 1.40 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.75) compared with those fertile.
CONCLUSIONS
The study results highlight an essential and increasing mental disorder among females associated with infertility and may be overlooked. Acknowledging the problem and providing positive, supportive measures to females with infertility ensure more positive outcomes during the therapeutic process. This review is limited by the differences in definitions, diagnostic cut points, study designs and source populations.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42021226414.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health Status; Humans; Infertility; Prevalence; Risk Factors
PubMed: 35354629
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057132 -
Primary Care Mar 2023Adjustment disorder is a disorder characterized by an extreme emotional reaction to a stressor. It is defined diagnostically with either the Diagnostic and Statistical... (Review)
Review
Adjustment disorder is a disorder characterized by an extreme emotional reaction to a stressor. It is defined diagnostically with either the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual V or ICD-11 definitions. There is currently a diagnostic tool that is still being validated to assist with diagnosing adjustment disorder. The prevalence of this disorder ranges from 0.2% to 40%, depending on the stressful circumstances that the patient experiences. There are several treatments available for adjustment disorder, ranging from psychological interventions, natural therapies to pharmacotherapies.
Topics: Humans; Adjustment Disorders; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; International Classification of Diseases; Prevalence; Primary Health Care
PubMed: 36822730
DOI: 10.1016/j.pop.2022.10.006 -
Journal of Child Psychology and... Jan 2022To date, no national-scale psychiatric epidemiological survey for children and adolescents has been conducted in China. In order to inform government officials and...
BACKGROUND
To date, no national-scale psychiatric epidemiological survey for children and adolescents has been conducted in China. In order to inform government officials and policymakers and to develop a comprehensive plan for service providers, there was a clear need to conduct an up-to-date systematic nationwide psychiatric epidemiological survey.
METHODS
We conducted a two-stage large-scale psychiatric point prevalence survey. Multistage cluster stratified random sampling was used as the sampling strategy. Five provinces were selected by comprehensively considering geographical partition, economic development, and rural/urban factors. In Stage 1, the Child Behavior Checklist was used as the screening tool. In Stage 2, Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents and a diagnostic process based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual were used to make the diagnoses. Sampling weights and poststratification weights were employed to match the population distributions. Exploratory analyses were also performed using socio-demographic factors. Prevalence in socio-demographic factor subgroups and overall were estimated. Rao-Scott adjusted chi-square tests were utilized to determine if between-group differences were present. Factor interactions were checked by logistic regression analyses.
RESULTS
A total of 73,992 participants aged 6-16 years of age were selected in Stage 1. In Stage 2, 17,524 individuals were screened and diagnosed. The weighted prevalence of any disorder was 17.5% (95% CI: 17.2-18.0). Statistically significant differences in prevalence of any psychiatric disorder were observed between sexes [χ (1, N = 71,929) = 223.0, p < .001], age groups [χ (1, N = 71,929) = 18.6, p < .001] and developed vs. developing areas [χ (1, N = 71,929) = 2,129.6, p < .001], while no difference was found between rural and urban areas [χ (1, N = 71,929) = 1.4, p = .239]. Male, younger individuals, children, and adolescents from developed areas had higher prevalence of any psychiatric disorder. The prevalence of any psychiatric disorder was found to decrease with the age in the male group, while the female group increased with the age. Individuals diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, a tic disorder, conduct disorder, and major depression disorder had the highest rates of comorbidity.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of any psychiatric disorder we found is the highest ever reported in China. These results urgently need to be addressed by public mental health service providers and policymakers in order to provide access to the necessary treatments and to reduce the long-term negative impact of these conditions on families and the society as a whole.
Topics: Adolescent; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders; Child; China; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder, Major; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders; Prevalence
PubMed: 34019305
DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13445 -
International Journal of Mental Health... Oct 2020There is considerable controversy around psychiatric diagnosis generally and personality disorders specifically. Since its conception, borderline personality disorder... (Review)
Review
There is considerable controversy around psychiatric diagnosis generally and personality disorders specifically. Since its conception, borderline personality disorder has been controversial because of the stigma associated with the diagnosis and the therapeutic nihilism held by practitioners who encounter people with this high prevalence problem in acute settings. This paper reviews the history of the diagnosis of BPD and summarizes some of the controversy surrounding the categorical nature of diagnosis. Both the DSM 5 and ICD-11 will be discussed; however, for the purposes of this paper, the DSM 5 will take the primary focus due to greater cultural significance. Recent developments in the treatment of borderline personality disorder suggest that it is a highly treatable condition and that full clinical recovery is possible. This paper formulates an argument that despite problems with psychiatric diagnosis that are unlikely to be resolved soon, a diagnosis should be made with an accompanying formulation to enable people to receive timely and effective treatment to enable personal and clinical recovery.
Topics: Borderline Personality Disorder; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Humans; Personality Disorders; Prevalence
PubMed: 32426937
DOI: 10.1111/inm.12737 -
International Journal of Nursing Studies Jan 2022The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the pooled prevalence of cognitive frailty among community-dwelling older adults and provide... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the pooled prevalence of cognitive frailty among community-dwelling older adults and provide evidence-based support for policy-makers planning health and social care policies.
DESIGN
A systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from their inception to December 10, 2020. Descriptive studies (cross-sectional studies or population-based longitudinal studies) and cohort studies were available. Participants were community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and above. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data and evaluated the quality of the included studies. All statistical analyses were conducted using Stata 15.0.
RESULTS
We screened 2815 records, among which 24 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The pooled prevalence of cognitive frailty was 9% (95% CI: 8%-11%, I = 99.3%). The results of the subgroup analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of cognitive frailty was 11% (95% CI: 9%-14%) in men and 15% (95% CI: 11%-19%) in women. The pooled prevalence of cognitive frailty based on the descriptive studies and cohort studies was 7% (95% CI: 5%-9%) and 17% (95% CI: 11%-22%), respectively. The pooled estimates of cognitive frailty prevalence were 6% (95% CI: 4%-8%) from 2012 to 2017 and 11% (95% CI: 9%-14%) from 2018 to 2020.
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review analyzed the available literature and revealed that the pooled prevalence of cognitive frailty among community-dwelling older adults was 9%. The stratified analysis showed that the prevalence of cognitive frailty was higher in older women. In addition, the prevalence has increased in recent years, which has important implications for adapting health and social care systems.
Topics: Aged; Cognition; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Frail Elderly; Frailty; Humans; Independent Living; Male; Prevalence
PubMed: 34758429
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.104112 -
PloS One 2020Vitiligo is an acquired depigmenting skin disease which is often accompanied by mental distress. There are numerous studies dedicated to local and global prevalence of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Vitiligo is an acquired depigmenting skin disease which is often accompanied by mental distress. There are numerous studies dedicated to local and global prevalence of depression in patients with vitiligo but anxiety has not been recognized as a major mental problem within named population. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety among patients with vitiligo from different countries and to compare it with patients suffering from eczema, psoriasis, and acne.
METHODS
In November 2019, we conducted a systematic search for observational studies that examined the prevalence of anxiety in vitiligo patients. Fifteen studies comprising 1176 patients with vitiligo were included to our systematic review.
RESULTS
The general prevalence of anxiety among vitiligo patients was equal to 35.8%. Statistically significant difference in anxiety rates was found among female and male patients (47.32% vs 42.4%) (P = 0.03), but the clinical relevance of this issue remains arguable. In addition, the pooled odds ratio among vitiligo and non-vitiligo patients did not indicate a statistical significance among patients coming from different continents.
CONCLUSIONS
The pooled prevalence of anxiety among vitiligo patients worldwide was comparable to other severe skin disorders. This finding accentuates the necessity of anxiety awareness in management of patients with skin diseases.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Female; Humans; Male; Prevalence; Vitiligo
PubMed: 33170870
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241445 -
Danish Medical Journal Jan 2021The present prevalence of schizophrenia in Greenland is unknown. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of schizophrenia in Nuuk and the rest of Greenland. (Observational Study)
Observational Study
INTRODUCTION
The present prevalence of schizophrenia in Greenland is unknown. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of schizophrenia in Nuuk and the rest of Greenland.
METHODS
The study was designed as an observational, cross-sectional study based on statistical extractions and review of medical records for psychiatric patients in Greenland, aiming to determine the prevalence of schizophrenia.
RESULTS
The prevalence of schizophrenia was estimated to 1.0% in Nuuk and 0.7% in the rest of Greenland. More males than females were affected (male/female ratio 2.5). Poor socio-economic conditions were revealed for the majority of patients. Cardiovascular risk factors were monitored suboptimally.
CONCLUSIONS
An increased focus on socio-psychological rehabilitation and monitoring and control of cardiovascular risk factors is warranted.
FUNDING
The study was funded by a grant from The Greenlandic Research Council (Sundhedspuljen).
TRIAL REGISTRATION
not relevant.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Greenland; Humans; Male; Prevalence; Schizophrenia
PubMed: 33543704
DOI: No ID Found -
Sante Publique (Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy,... 2022Introduction : Maternal morbidity is a public health problem in developing countries.Purpose of research : The aim of this study was to determine the...
Introduction : Maternal morbidity is a public health problem in developing countries.Purpose of research : The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of maternal morbidity among women of reproductive age in the province of Essaouira (Morocco) and to describe the factors associated with it. The authors conducted a cross-sectional structured interview survey of 1300 married women aged 18 to 49. Data entry and statistical processing were performed by the SPSS-PC 18 program.Results : The prevalence of maternal morbidity was 66.8%. The main morbidities were sexually transmitted infections (48.8%) and anemia (46.6%). Multivariate analysis showed that frequency of postnatal visits, literacy of the couple and socioeconomic level were statistically associated with maternal morbidity.Conclusion : The use of postnatal care, the fight against illiteracy and the improvement of the socio-economic level of households, are factors that would reduce maternal morbidity.
Topics: Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Morocco; Cross-Sectional Studies; Morbidity; Prevalence; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 36577684
DOI: 10.3917/spub.224.0581