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Vascular Medicine (London, England) Apr 2018
Review
Topics: Humans; Risk Factors; Time; Treatment Outcome; Venous Thromboembolism; Venous Thrombosis
PubMed: 29431059
DOI: 10.1177/1358863X18755928 -
Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur... May 2018Deep and superficial vein thromboses as well as variceal hemorrhages are emergencies. The risk of short- and long-term morbidity and mortality in vein thromboses is... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Deep and superficial vein thromboses as well as variceal hemorrhages are emergencies. The risk of short- and long-term morbidity and mortality in vein thromboses is increased. Variceal hemorrhage harbors the risk of massive blood loss. Prompt and adequate therapy of these diseases is therefore essential.
OBJECTIVES
Our aim was to give an overview of these phlebological emergencies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Based on the current guidelines and supplemented by a selective literature search in PubMed, we summarize the most important aspects for clinical practice.
RESULTS
In deep vein thrombosis, therapeutic anticoagulation and compression therapy are indicated for a duration of at least 3-6 months. A shorter duration is associated with a considerably increased recurrence rate. Basic measures in superficial vein thrombosis comprise mobilization, cooling, and compression. In case of tenderness on palpation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are recommended. Indication for anticoagulation and its dose depends on length of the thrombus and distance of the proximal part of the thrombus towards the deep veins. Variceal hemorrhage is a complication of advanced varicosis and can usually be handled with simple measures such as elevation of the extremity and compression.
CONCLUSIONS
Prompt diagnosis and therapy is essential in superficial and deep vein thrombosis to prevent short-term complications such as pulmonary embolism and growth of the thrombus as well as long-term complications such as postthrombotic syndrome with secondary varicosis and chronic leg ulcer. After the occurrence of varicophlebitis or variceal hemorrhage, treatment of varicosis is indicated to prevent recurrences.
Topics: Emergencies; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Recurrence; Varicose Veins
PubMed: 29637225
DOI: 10.1007/s00105-018-4160-3 -
Sexual Medicine Reviews Jul 2022Penile Mondor's Disease (PMD) is a rare illness that causes thrombophlebitis in the superficial veins of the penis that is manifested by transient pain and swelling. PMD... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Penile Mondor's Disease (PMD) is a rare illness that causes thrombophlebitis in the superficial veins of the penis that is manifested by transient pain and swelling. PMD often is associated with trauma to the penis, prolonged or vigorous sexual intercourse, and has been linked to genetics.
OBJECTIVES
Our aim is to review the current literature on PMD.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search of English and Turkish publications on PMD was found through PubMed and Web of Science using various keywords. It is a systematic review.
RESULTS
PMD might be an uncommon, harmless condition that normalizes with moderate therapy or potentially clinical therapy. Its pathogenesis has not yet been completely explained; however, different etiological variables are known. The current studies on PMD are summarized.
CONCLUSION
Analyses are frequently made with a fair history and actual assessment. In any case, education on the illness is needed. Furthermore, the identification should be supported by ultrasonography. In a greater part of the patients, results are acquired with 2 months of clinical treatment. In exceptionally uncommon cases, careful thrombectomy or expulsion of the superficial vein is required. Özkan B, Coşkuner ER. What We Know About Penile Mondor's Disease. Sex Med Rev 2022;10:396-401.
Topics: Coitus; Humans; Male; Penile Diseases; Penis; Thrombophlebitis
PubMed: 35249861
DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2021.12.006 -
Annals of Vascular Diseases Mar 2018Vascular Behçet's disease (BD) would keep risk of anastomotic pseudoaneurysm due to deterioration of the disease even after vascular surgery was successfully done.... (Review)
Review
Vascular Behçet's disease (BD) would keep risk of anastomotic pseudoaneurysm due to deterioration of the disease even after vascular surgery was successfully done. Therefore, it is one of the least-welcome diseases for vascular surgeons. There still exist several points on a concept and criteria of the vascular BD which not only general practitioners but also the vascular surgeons do not understand. Clinical findings strongly suspecting vascular BD are follows; saccular aneurysms without atherosclerosis developed in younger than 50-year-old patients, superior vena cava syndrome or deep vein thrombosis in bilateral legs without apparent causes, and multiple superficial thrombophlebitis, etc. It is very difficult to make a diagnosis of BD in the patients whose onset of the disease is a vascular lesion, because vascular BD combines few ocular lesions. In such case, it is very important to find out not only oral and genital ulceration, but also past history of arthritis. To establish the vascular BD, we vascular surgeons have to collect cases of the vascular BD and to revise criteria of the disease. (This is a translation of Jpn J Vasc Surg 2017; 26: 19-23.).
PubMed: 29682107
DOI: 10.3400/avd.ra.18-00002 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Jun 2015
Review
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants; Femoral Vein; Humans; Incidence; Ligation; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Referral and Consultation; Saphenous Vein; Severity of Illness Index; Stockings, Compression; Thrombophlebitis; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 26099257
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.h2039 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Sep 2018Mondor's disease (MD) is a rare disease that manifests with a palpable cord-like induration on the body surface. In general, MD is a self-limited, benign... (Review)
Review
Mondor's disease (MD) is a rare disease that manifests with a palpable cord-like induration on the body surface. In general, MD is a self-limited, benign thrombophlebitis that resolves in four to eight weeks without any specific treatment. Cases of MD can be roughly categorized into three different groups based on the site of the lesion as follows: original MD of the anterolateral thoracoabdominal wall, penile MD with dorsum and dorsolateral aspects of the penis, and axillary web syndrome with mid-upper arm after axillary surgery. The diagnosis of MD is rather straightforward and based on a physical examinations. However, some case occur "secondary" with another underlying disease, including malignancy, a hypercoagulative state, and vasculitis. Therefore, it is critical to identify MD precisely, evaluate any possible underlying disease, and avoid any unnecessary invasive tests or treatment. In this paper, we comprehensively review the clinical characteristics of MD.
Topics: Arm; Humans; Male; Penile Diseases; Rare Diseases; Thrombophlebitis
PubMed: 29780120
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0495-17 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2022Previous studies have shown that erythema nodosum-like lesions in patients with Behçet's disease show cutaneous vasculitis of either phlebitis or dermal venulitis. To...
Previous studies have shown that erythema nodosum-like lesions in patients with Behçet's disease show cutaneous vasculitis of either phlebitis or dermal venulitis. To analyse the clinicopathological characteristics of superficial thrombophlebitis as well as cutaneous venulitis in Behçet's disease. We re-evaluated the histopathological features of superficial thrombophlebitis in patients with Behçet's disease. Five patients, one man and four women, developed superficial thrombophlebitis on the lower extremities. Two of the patients had vascular Behçet's disease, both also developed deep vein thrombosis. One patient had intestinal Behçet's disease. In all cases, venulitis in the overlying lower dermis or adjacent subcutis spreading from the main affected subcutaneous thrombophlebitis lesions was observed. Both neutrophilic venulitis (n = 2) and lymphocytic venulitis (n = 3) were observed at the same depth level or upper/lower location of the thrombophlebitis in the same specimens. In addition, concurrent venulitis with fibrin thrombus and fibrinoid necrosis was observed in one case, suggesting that fibrin thrombus affected both venules and muscular veins. By contrast, arteritis or arteriolitis at the same depth level was not observed. Our results showed histopathological features of coexistent thrombophlebitis and venulitis without involvement of either arteries or arterioles in the biopsied specimens of superficial thrombophlebitis. Further studies are necessary to support that those unique histopathological findings are the characteristic features and significant diagnostic indicators of Behçet's disease.
PubMed: 36998880
DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_229_22 -
Dermatologic Surgery : Official... Jan 2022Polidocanol is a safe sclerosing agent with anesthetic properties and minimal skin toxicity. (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
BACKGROUND
Polidocanol is a safe sclerosing agent with anesthetic properties and minimal skin toxicity.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and recurrence rates with polidocanol sclerotherapy in the treatment of pyogenic granulomas (PGs).
METHODS AND METHODS
Thirty-nine patients with PG were injected with polidocanol 1% solution. Repeat injections were given weekly in case of incomplete clinical/dermoscopic resolution, until a maximum of 3 sittings. A higher strength (3%) was used for subsequent sessions in those with a minimal response to 1% solution. A final assessment for relapses was performed at 3, 6, and 12 months.
RESULTS
All 39 patients achieved complete resolution (100% clearance rate), with most (n = 26) lesions resolving after the first sitting. Side effects noted were postprocedure pain (22), erythema (2), superficial ulceration (2), paresthesias (1), prominent edema (4), thrombophlebitis (1), cyanotic discoloration (1), purpuric staining around injection site (4), and mild local pruritus (1). The procedure was well tolerated across the age spectrum (4-63 years) included.
CONCLUSION
We report polidocanol to be a highly effective, safe, and cost-effective sclerosant for treatment of PGs with no recurrences or need for special postprocedure care.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Costs; Female; Granuloma, Pyogenic; Humans; Injections, Intralesional; Male; Middle Aged; Polidocanol; Recurrence; Sclerosing Solutions; Sclerotherapy; Secondary Prevention; Young Adult
PubMed: 34816819
DOI: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003308 -
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro Nov 2019Superficial venous thrombosis (SVT) or superficial thrombophlebitis is characterized by thrombi within superficial veins, with partial involvement or occlusion of the...
Superficial venous thrombosis (SVT) or superficial thrombophlebitis is characterized by thrombi within superficial veins, with partial involvement or occlusion of the lumen and inflammatory reaction along the course of the vein. Clinical diagnosis tends to be straightforward, but supplementary tests and examinations are needed to confirm thrombosis extension and possible thromboembolic complications. SVT can be associated with deep venous thrombosis in 6 to 40% of cases, with asymptomatic pulmonary embolism (PE) in 20 to 33%, and with symptomatic PE in 2 to 13%. Despite the morbidity and complications, there are currently no Brazilian guidelines for SVT. These guidelines cover the most important issues related to SVT definition, terminology, and etiology, and set out recommendations for diagnosis and treatment.
PubMed: 31807127
DOI: 10.1590/1677-5449.180105