-
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Jul 2019
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Migraine Disorders; Topiramate; Treatment Outcome; Vertigo; Vestibular Diseases
PubMed: 31270067
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l4213 -
Seminars in Neurology Feb 2020Treatment of vestibular migraine currently lacks a firm scientific basis, as high quality randomized controlled trials are not available. Therefore, recommendations are... (Review)
Review
Treatment of vestibular migraine currently lacks a firm scientific basis, as high quality randomized controlled trials are not available. Therefore, recommendations are largely borrowed from the migraine sphere. The first therapeutic step is explanation and reassurance. Many patients do not need pharmacological treatment, as attacks may be infrequent and tolerable. Acute attacks can be ameliorated in some patients with antiemetic drugs such as diphenhydramine, meclizine, and metoclopramide. Frequent attacks may warrant pharmacological prophylaxis with metoprolol, amitriptyline, topiramate, valproic acid, or flunarizine. Nonpharmacological measures including regular exercise, relaxation techniques, stress management, and biofeedback may be similarly effective and can be combined with a pharmacological approach. Limited data indicate that the prognosis appears to be less favorable for vestibular migraine than for migraine headaches.
Topics: Humans; Migraine Disorders; Prognosis; Vertigo
PubMed: 31887753
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3402067 -
La Revue de Medecine Interne Nov 2018Balance disorders presenting with symptoms of dizziness and vertigo are due to various diseases. Clinical approach gives the opportunity to identify emergency situations... (Review)
Review
Balance disorders presenting with symptoms of dizziness and vertigo are due to various diseases. Clinical approach gives the opportunity to identify emergency situations and most common causes, among them the first one being the benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Oculomotor assessment is pertinent as major clinical orientation, particularly between peripheral and central diseases. These clinical findings support the respective indication of modern imaging and/or vestibular tests, focused on the direction of presupposed diagnosis. On elderly the risk of falls and their complications needs a specific evaluation.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo; Diagnosis, Differential; Dizziness; Humans; Risk Factors; Vertigo
PubMed: 29496272
DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2018.02.004 -
The Medical Clinics of North America Sep 2021Vertigo is defined as the illusion of internal or external motion. The evaluation of a patient with vertigo in the primary care setting should not necessarily focus on... (Review)
Review
Vertigo is defined as the illusion of internal or external motion. The evaluation of a patient with vertigo in the primary care setting should not necessarily focus on providing a specific diagnosis. Rather, the physician should aim to localize the lesion. This practice streamlines the workup of patients. This article provides detailed information regarding appropriate organ system-based clinical history and the clinical workup of vertigo. Additional signs and symptoms that can facilitate appropriate referral and treatment are highlighted. Although disorder-specific treatments exist the mainstay of therapy for vertigo-induced pathology is physical therapy.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Physical Examination; Physical Therapy Modalities; Primary Health Care; Vertigo
PubMed: 34391542
DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.05.011 -
Annals of the New York Academy of... Apr 2015Individuals working next to strong static magnetic fields occasionally report disorientation and vertigo. With the increasing strength of magnetic fields used for... (Review)
Review
Individuals working next to strong static magnetic fields occasionally report disorientation and vertigo. With the increasing strength of magnetic fields used for magnetic resonance imaging studies, these reports have become more common. It was recently learned that humans, mice, and zebrafish all demonstrate behaviors consistent with constant peripheral vestibular stimulation while inside a strong, static magnetic field. The proposed mechanism for this effect involves a Lorentz force resulting from the interaction of a strong static magnetic field with naturally occurring ionic currents flowing through the inner ear endolymph into vestibular hair cells. The resulting force within the endolymph is strong enough to displace the lateral semicircular canal cupula, inducing vertigo and the horizontal nystagmus seen in normal mice and in humans. This review explores the evidence for interactions of magnetic fields with the vestibular system.
Topics: Animals; Electromagnetic Fields; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Vertigo; Vestibule, Labyrinth
PubMed: 25735662
DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12702 -
Handbook of Clinical Neurology 2016Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is a common labyrinthine disorder caused by a mechanic stimulation of the vestibular receptors within the semicircular canals. It is... (Review)
Review
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is a common labyrinthine disorder caused by a mechanic stimulation of the vestibular receptors within the semicircular canals. It is characterized by positional vertigo and positional nystagmus, both provoked by changes in the position of the head with respect to gravity. The social impact of the disease and its direct and indirect costs to healthcare systems are significant owing to impairment of daily activities and increased risk of falls. The first description of a patient with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is from Robert Bárány in 1921, but the features of the syndrome and the diagnostic maneuver were well described by Dix and Hallpike in 1952. Since then, the gradually increasing interest of otolaryngologists and neurologists has led to a progressive advance in the knowledge of this labyrinthine disorder with regard to its epidemiologic, pathophysiologic, clinical, and therapeutic aspects. Despite the often effective diagnosis and treatment of most cases of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, the physiopathologic explanations of the disease are mainly speculative. In this chapter, we describe the epidemiologic, pathophysiologic, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
Topics: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo; History, 20th Century; Humans; Semicircular Canals
PubMed: 27638076
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63437-5.00018-2 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Mar 2021Many medical, neurologic and psychiatric conditions as well as drugs can give chronic dizziness, and a systematic diagnostic workup is essential. Chronic vestibular... (Review)
Review
Many medical, neurologic and psychiatric conditions as well as drugs can give chronic dizziness, and a systematic diagnostic workup is essential. Chronic vestibular syndrome is a clinical syndrome of chronic vertigo, dizziness or unsteadiness lasting months to years. There is generally a persistent unilateral or bilateral vestibular loss. Treatment depends on the aetiology, but in general, treatment with vestibular rehabilitation is effective, which is summarised in this review. Betahistin or other anti-vertigo-drugs are not indicated in the treatment of chronic vertigo.
Topics: Dizziness; Humans; Vertigo; Vestibular Diseases
PubMed: 33829994
DOI: No ID Found -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Jan 2021
Topics: COVID-19; Dizziness; Humans; SARS-CoV-2; Vertigo
PubMed: 32931322
DOI: 10.1177/0145561320959573 -
Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America Oct 2021The evaluation of dizziness as a chief complaint can be exceptionally challenging to otolaryngologists. The critical piece in evaluating dizzy patients is to have a plan... (Review)
Review
The evaluation of dizziness as a chief complaint can be exceptionally challenging to otolaryngologists. The critical piece in evaluating dizzy patients is to have a plan for how to screen and schedule, how to gather data, and to develop a workflow for testing that allows clinical efficiency. This article provides an overview of evidence-based practices on how to screen dizzy patients before being scheduled, how to efficiently move patients through the otolaryngologist's clinic, and strategies for managing a dizzy practice.
Topics: Dizziness; Humans; Vertigo
PubMed: 34538358
DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2021.05.008 -
Annals of Emergency Medicine Nov 2022
Topics: Humans; Female; Aged; Vertigo; Headache
PubMed: 36265922
DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.05.008