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Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Jun 2019Vitamin B6 has been postulated to play an important role in determining chronic diseases. However, few studies have evaluated associations between dietary vitamin B6 and...
BACKGROUND & AIMS
Vitamin B6 has been postulated to play an important role in determining chronic diseases. However, few studies have evaluated associations between dietary vitamin B6 and cause-specific mortality comprehensively.
METHODS
We investigated the associations between vitamin B6 from diet and risk of all-cause, and cause-specific mortality in 134,480 participants from the Shanghai Men's Health Study (2002-2014) and Shanghai Women's Health Study (1997-2014). The median follow-up periods for men and women were 10.3 and 16.2 years, respectively. We estimated hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using Cox proportional hazards models.
RESULTS
After adjustment for suspected confounders, the multivariable-adjusted HRs for the highest versus lowest quintiles for total, CVD, stroke and CHD mortality among men were 0.83 (95%CI = 0.76, 0.90), 0.73 (95%CI = 0.63, 0.85), 0.71 (95%CI = 0.58, 0.88), 0.66 (95%CI = 0.47, 0.91), accordingly. Women with the highest intake had significantly 17% (HR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.77, 0.90), 20% (HR = 0.80; 95% CI = 0.70, 0.92), and 28% (HR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.59, 0.86) lower risks of total, CVD and stroke mortality compared with those of women with lowest vitamin B6 intake. No significant association was observed between dietary vitamin B6 and cancer mortality both among men and women.
CONCLUSIONS
In the current study with two prospective Chinese cohorts, high dietary vitamin B6 consumption was inversely associated with risk of all-cause and CVD mortality.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cardiovascular Diseases; China; Diet; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Vitamin B 6
PubMed: 29764693
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.04.016 -
Biomolecules Apr 2022Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and the main cause of disability. In the last decade, homocysteine has been found to be a risk factor or a marker... (Review)
Review
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and the main cause of disability. In the last decade, homocysteine has been found to be a risk factor or a marker for cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF). There are indications that vitamin B6 plays a significant role in the process of transsulfuration in homocysteine metabolism, specifically, in a part of the reaction in which homocysteine transfers a sulfhydryl group to serine to form α-ketobutyrate and cysteine. Therefore, an elevated homocysteine concentration (hyperhomocysteinemia) could be a consequence of vitamin B6 and/or folate deficiency. Hyperhomocysteinemia in turn could damage the endothelium and the blood vessel wall and induce worsening of atherosclerotic process, having a negative impact on the mechanisms underlying MI and HF, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and altered function of gasotransmitters. Given the importance of the vitamin B6 in homocysteine metabolism, in this paper, we review its role in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, influencing the functions of gasotransmitters, and improving vasodilatation and coronary flow in animal models of MI and HF.
Topics: Animals; Folic Acid; Gasotransmitters; Heart Failure; Homocysteine; Hyperhomocysteinemia; Inflammation; Models, Theoretical; Myocardial Infarction; Vitamin B 6; Vitamins
PubMed: 35454125
DOI: 10.3390/biom12040536 -
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Jul 2022Given the role of vitamin B6 on pronociceptive/antinociceptive neurotransmitters balance, metabolic reactions, and inflammation, it is important to clarify the effect of... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Given the role of vitamin B6 on pronociceptive/antinociceptive neurotransmitters balance, metabolic reactions, and inflammation, it is important to clarify the effect of vitamin B6 on pain and psychological disturbance in fibromyalgia (FM). This study aimed to evaluate whether an 80-mg daily dose of vitamin B6 improves pain, disease severity and psychological symptoms of FM compared to a placebo.
METHODS
This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was performed on the FM patients whose diagnosis was confirmed by a rheumatologist based on the 2016 American College of Rheumatology (ACR). 90 Patients were randomized to receive either vitamin B6 (80 mg daily) or placebo in a 1:1 ratio, with a permuted block size of 30 stratified by disease severity. Primary outcomes included the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), 12-item short-form health survey (SF-12), and pain visual analog scale (pain-VAS)). The mean differences in outcomes (before and after treatment) were compared between the vitamin B6 and placebo groups using an independent T-test. An ANCOVA model adjusted for baseline outcome value was also provided to compare the outcomes between the two groups.
RESULTS
Of 90 eligible patients, 60 patients (31 patients in vitamin B6 and 29 in the placebo group) completed the trial. Overall, the FIQR, pain-VAS, and HADS-anxiety scores improved after treatment in both vitamin B6 and placebo groups; However, there was no statistically significant intergroup difference regarding primary outcomes. ANCOVA model also showed no difference in the treatment effects.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results showed no priority for vitamin B6 over placebo in FM patients. Considering the potential ameliorating role of vitamin B6 on pain and psychological symptoms, acknowledgment of vitamin B6 as a relatively safe adjuvant treatment needs larger future studies.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20200920048782N2 on 2021/10/04.
Topics: Double-Blind Method; Fibromyalgia; Humans; Iran; Pain; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin B 6
PubMed: 35831850
DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05637-7 -
Nutrition Research (New York, N.Y.) Jan 2024Previous studies have shown that B vitamins can relieve migraine. However, the association between vitamin B and folate, 2 important B vitamins consumed in the diet,...
Previous studies have shown that B vitamins can relieve migraine. However, the association between vitamin B and folate, 2 important B vitamins consumed in the diet, with migraine have received minimal attention. This study explored the independent relationships between dietary vitamin B and folate intake with migraine and the interaction effect of these 2 nutrients on migraine in US adults. We hypothesized that vitamin B and folate intake would be inversely associated with migraine. This study included cross-sectional data from participants aged 20 years and older who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2004. We conducted multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline regression to explore the association between dietary vitamin B and folate intake on migraine. Also, relative excess risk due to interaction, attributable proportion of interaction, and synergy index were used to assess additive interactions. A total of 7017 participants were included in this study, 1350 of whom were migraineurs. We determined that vitamin B and folate intake revealed a negative association with severe headache or migraine (0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47-0.89; P = .01 and 0.57; 95% CI, 0.42-0.78; P = .002]), respectively. Also, a significant interaction effect between a high mass of vitamin B and folate intake was observed for a lower risk of migraine (relative excess risk due to interaction, 0.28 [95% CI, 0.05-0.51]; attributable proportion of interaction: 0.45 [95% CI, 0.05-0.86]; synergy index: 0.58 [95% CI, 0.40-0.83]). A high mass of vitamin B and folate intake (vitamin B intake ≥ 2.39 mg/day and folate intake ≥ 502.01 µg/day) presented a synergistic interaction with migraine, suggesting that these 2 nutrients might be beneficial in preventing migraine.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Folic Acid; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B Complex; Nutrition Surveys; Cross-Sectional Studies; Vitamin B 12; Pyridoxine; Logistic Models; Headache
PubMed: 38042023
DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.11.008 -
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2023Pyridoxine and its derivatives, pyridoxamine, and pyridoxal have been recognized for more than 70 years and are known for regulating cellular biology and metabolism.... (Review)
Review
Pyridoxine and its derivatives, pyridoxamine, and pyridoxal have been recognized for more than 70 years and are known for regulating cellular biology and metabolism. During the past few decades, the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of pyridoxine and its vitamers were explored. However, an interesting turnabout was observed in pyridoxine chemical modification in the last two decades. The various important pathophysiological aspects of pyridoxine and its derivatives on several cellular systems have been discovered by researchers. Recent findings have shown that many diseases, like cancer, diabetes, hypertension, tuberculosis, epilepsy, and neurodegenerative diseases are linked to the alteration of pyridoxine. Herein, our main focus is to review the importance of pyridoxine and its derivatives obtained by various chemical modifications, in various disease areas and to recognize important directions for future research.
Topics: Pyridoxal; Pyridoxamine; Pyridoxine
PubMed: 36503471
DOI: 10.2174/1568026623666221208125203 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2024This study aims to understand the impact of dietary intake through supplementation of vitamins D, B6, and magnesium on elevated depressive symptoms, a mental health...
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to understand the impact of dietary intake through supplementation of vitamins D, B6, and magnesium on elevated depressive symptoms, a mental health illness that is a leading contributor to global disability and a public health concern.
METHODS
Multiple datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-March 2020 investigated the associations between vitamin D, B6, and magnesium on depression screening scores. A cross-sectional sample of adults over 20 was extracted ( = 9,232). Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the associations.
RESULTS
Individuals with low amounts of vitamin D ( = 0.0481) were more likely to report elevated depressive symptoms relative to those with low amounts of vitamin B6 ( = 0.0225). These results remained significant among those with high magnesium ( = 0.0133) proportionate to high vitamin B6 ( = 0.0225). In the age-adjusted model, a lower intake of vitamin D, vitamin B6, and magnesium showed a relationship with elevated depressive symptoms (Vitamin D: OR = 0.611, 95% CI 0.382-0.980 Vitamin B6: OR = 0.503, 95% CI 0.291-0.867 Magnesium: OR = 0.458, 95% CI 0.277-0.759). The fully adjusted regression model (gender, race/ethnicity, and household food security) showed that a lower intake of vitamin B6 and magnesium correlated with elevated depressive symptoms (Vitamin B6: OR = 0.439, 95% CI 0.260-0.738 Magnesium: OR = 0.465, 95% CI 0.303-0.714).
CONCLUSION
Preventive measures could be addressed by identifying the risks of vitamin deficiencies. Further epidemiological research is needed for the individual effects of vitamin supplementation and depression screening scores. Future prospective cohort studies exploring these associations, focusing on daily dietary intake, are needed to validate the direction of causation further and understand the underlying mechanisms.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Magnesium; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin D; Depression; Dietary Supplements; Prospective Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Nutrition Surveys; Public Health; Vitamins; Eating
PubMed: 38605872
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1369666 -
Nutrients Jun 2022Previous evidence suggests a potential dual impact of aging and vitamin B6 (B6) deficiency on polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism; gender may influence PUFA...
Previous evidence suggests a potential dual impact of aging and vitamin B6 (B6) deficiency on polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism; gender may influence PUFA biosynthesis. Perturbation of PUFA compositions during B6 deficiency could be linked to age-related health outcomes. However, little is known about the interrelationships between vitamin B6, PUFA, and gender in the older population. Therefore, we investigated whether gender-specific associations of B6 intake and plasma pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP) concentration, respectively, with plasma PUFA concentrations and ratios (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA), EPA + DHA, EPA/AA, and (EPA + DHA)/AA) existed in older adults. We further examined the relationships of adequate B6 status (PLP ≥ 20 nmol/L) with high (above median) plasma PUFA relative to deficient B6 status. This cross-sectional study analyzed 461 participants aged ≥60 years from NHANES 2003−2004. Nutrient intakes were assessed using two 24-h recalls and supplement questionnaires. PLP and PUFA concentrations were measured. Multivariate linear regression assessed the association of B6 intake and PLP with PUFA; multivariate logistic regression evaluated the relationship of adequate B6 status with high plasma PUFA, adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and dietary factors; physical activity; smoking; alcohol; medication; and BMI. There were interactions between gender and B6 intake on EPA (P-interaction = 0.008) and AA (P-interaction = 0.004) only, whereas no interaction existed between gender and PLP on PUFA. PLP was directly associated with EPA (β = 0.181, P = 0.002), DHA (β = 0.109, P = 0.005), EPA + DHA (β = 0.14, P = 0.002), EPA/AA (β = 0.186, P = 0.004), and (EPA + DHA)/AA (β = 0.13, P = 0.026). The odds of having high plasma EPA (adjusted (a) OR: 2.03, P = 0.049) and EPA/AA (aOR: 3.83, P < 0.0001) were greater in those with adequate B6 status compared to those with deficient B6 status. In conclusion, in US older adults, a higher PLP level was associated with a greater level of EPA, DHA, EPA + DHA, EPA/AA, and (EPA + DHA)/AA. Adequate B6 status was associated with high EPA and EPA/AA status. These findings suggest that sufficient vitamin B6 status may positively influence PUFA metabolism in older adults.
Topics: Aged; Arachidonic Acid; Cross-Sectional Studies; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Humans; Nutrition Surveys; Phosphates; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Vitamin B 6
PubMed: 35684138
DOI: 10.3390/nu14112336 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Jan 2024The use of adjunctive therapy for bipolar disorder is increasingly considered to increase the efficacy of standard treatments. In this randomized clinical trial, we... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
The use of adjunctive therapy for bipolar disorder is increasingly considered to increase the efficacy of standard treatments. In this randomized clinical trial, we evaluated the effect of vitamins B1 and B6 in separate treatment arms on mood symptoms, cognitive status, and sleep quality in hospitalized patients with bipolar disorder in manic episodes.
METHOD
In addition to receiving standard lithium treatment, participants (N = 66) were randomized to one of three conditions: 100 mg of vitamin B1, 40 mg of vitamin B6, or placebo. Outcomes were assessed one and 8 weeks of daily treatment, including the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale (PSQI), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). This study was performed between December 2020 and September 2021 based on the registration code number IRCT20200307046712N1.
RESULTS
Vitamin B6 had a significant effect (P value < 0.025 as significant) on mood improvement compared to placebo (F (1, 27.42) = 30.25, P < 0.001, r = 0.72), but vitamin B1 had no significant effect on mood improvement compared to Placebo (F (1/35.68) = 4.76, P = 0.036, r = 0.34). The contrasts between groups on PSQI showed a significant effect (P value < 0.025 as significant) of vitamin B6 over placebo for sleep status improvement (F (1/32.91) = 16.24, P < 0.001, r = 0.57) and also a significant effect of vitamin B1 over placebo (F (1/41.21) = 13.32, P < 0.001, r = 0.49).
CONCLUSIONS
The use of vitamin B6 as an adjunctive therapy to lithium can be associated with the improvement of mood symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder in the midst of a manic episode.
Topics: Humans; Bipolar Disorder; Lithium; Thiamine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Vitamin B 6; Vitamins; Double-Blind Method; Treatment Outcome; Antimanic Agents; Antipsychotic Agents
PubMed: 37866735
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.121 -
Annals of Oncology : Official Journal... Mar 2019Increased vitamin B6 catabolism related to inflammation, as measured by the PAr index (the ratio of 4-pyridoxic acid over the sum of pyridoxal and...
BACKGROUND
Increased vitamin B6 catabolism related to inflammation, as measured by the PAr index (the ratio of 4-pyridoxic acid over the sum of pyridoxal and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate), has been positively associated with lung cancer risk in two prospective European studies. However, the extent to which this association translates to more diverse populations is not known.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
For this study, we included 5323 incident lung cancer cases and 5323 controls individually matched by age, sex, and smoking status within each of 20 prospective cohorts from the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium. Cohort-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between PAr and lung cancer risk were calculated using conditional logistic regression and pooled using random-effects models.
RESULTS
PAr was positively associated with lung cancer risk in a dose-response fashion. Comparing the fourth versus first quartiles of PAr resulted in an OR of 1.38 (95% CI: 1.19-1.59) for overall lung cancer risk. The association between PAr and lung cancer risk was most prominent in former smokers (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.36-2.10), men (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.28-2.00), and for cancers diagnosed within 3 years of blood draw (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.34-2.23).
CONCLUSION
Based on pre-diagnostic data from 20 cohorts across 4 continents, this study confirms that increased vitamin B6 catabolism related to inflammation and immune activation is associated with a higher risk of developing lung cancer. Moreover, PAr may be a pre-diagnostic marker of lung cancer rather than a causal factor.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Pyridoxic Acid; Risk Factors; Smokers; Vitamin B 6
PubMed: 30698666
DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz002 -
Journal of the Neurological Sciences Jul 2023The prevalences of polyneuropathy and epilepsy are higher in people living with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) when compared to older adults. Vitamin B6 is widely available... (Review)
Review
The prevalences of polyneuropathy and epilepsy are higher in people living with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) when compared to older adults. Vitamin B6 is widely available and affordable. PwPD are at higher risk of having abnormal serum levels of vitamin B6, which are associated with polyneuropathy and epilepsy that are potentially preventable and treatable. Potential contributors to abnormal B6 levels in PwPD include age, dietary habits, vitamin supplement misuse, gastrointestinal dysfunction and complex interactions with levodopa. The literature on the potential consequences of abnormal B6 levels in PwPD is limited by a small number of observational studies focused on polyneuropathy and epilepsy. Abnormal B6 levels have been reported in 60 of 145 PwPD (41.4% relative frequency). Low B6 levels were reported in 52 PwPD and high B6 levels were reported in 8 PwPD. There were 14 PwPD, polyneuropathy and low B6. There were 4 PwPD, polyneuropathy and high B6. There were 4 PwPD, epilepsy and low B6. Vitamin B6 level was low in 44.6% of PwPD receiving levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel and in 30.1% of PwPD receiving oral levodopa-carbidopa. In almost all studies reporting low B6 in PwPD receiving oral levodopa-carbidopa, the dose of levodopa was ≥1000 mg/day. Rigorous epidemiological studies will clarify the prevalence, natural history and clinical relevance of abnormal serum levels of vitamin B6 in PwPD. These studies should account for diet, vitamin supplement use, gastrointestinal dysfunction, concurrent levels of vitamin B12, folate, homocysteine and methylmalonic acid, formulations and dosages of levodopa and other medications commonly used in PwPD.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Levodopa; Parkinson Disease; Carbidopa; Antiparkinson Agents; Vitamin B 6; Polyneuropathies; Vitamin B 12; Epilepsy; Vitamins
PubMed: 37210937
DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.120690