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Clinical Cardiology Jul 2023Vasovagal syncope (VVS) is the most prevalent type of syncope and its management includes pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions. Recently, studies have... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Vasovagal syncope (VVS) is the most prevalent type of syncope and its management includes pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions. Recently, studies have investigated vitamin D levels in VVS patients. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to review these studies to find possible associations between vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D levels with VVS. International databases including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase were searched with keywords related to "vasovagal syncope" and "vitamin D." Studies were screened and the data were extracted from them. Random-effect meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for vitamin D levels in comparison to VVS patients and controls. Also, VVS occurrence was measured and the odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were calculated for comparison of vitamin D deficient cases and nondeficient individuals. Six studies were included with 954 cases investigated. Meta-analysis showed that patients with VVS had significantly lower vitamin D serum levels in comparison to non-VVS cases (SMD -1.05, 95% CI -1.54 to -0.57, p-value < .01). Moreover, VVS occurrence was higher in vitamin D-deficient individuals (OR 5.43, 95% CI 2.40 to 12.27, p-value < .01). Our findings which show lower vitamin D levels in VVS patients can have clinical implications in order for clinicians to pay attention to this when approaching VVS. Further randomized controlled trials are certainly warranted to assess the role of vitamin D supplementation in individuals with VVS.
Topics: Humans; Tilt-Table Test; Syncope, Vasovagal; Syncope; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin D
PubMed: 37226313
DOI: 10.1002/clc.24035 -
Pediatric Research Apr 2019The concern about the assessment of vitamin D status is growing. Numerous publications warn about the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, as well as the potential... (Review)
Review
The concern about the assessment of vitamin D status is growing. Numerous publications warn about the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, as well as the potential role of vitamin D in non-bone health outcomes. The status of vitamin D is usually assessed by measuring serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration. This is the major circulating form of vitamin D and keeps an inverse correlation with serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration. A value of 25OHD of 20 ng/ml is generally assumed as threshold of vitamin D sufficiency in epidemiologic studies because serum PTH tends to increase when the 25OHD concentration stands below this value. In pediatric population, very few studies have analyzed this issue and the negative relationship between serum 25OHD and serum PTH is not clear, which is the suitable circulating concentration of 25OHD and the threshold of deficiency being matters of controversy. The majority of 25OHD circulates in serum tightly bound to a globulin (DBP). According to the free hormone hypothesis, protein-bound hormones are not biologically available and it is the free form that exerts or facilitates the physiologic actions. If this is true, factors that affect DBP may alter the interpretation of total serum 25OHD measurements.
Topics: Genome-Wide Association Study; Humans; Nutritional Requirements; Parathyroid Hormone; Receptors, Calcitriol; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin D-Binding Protein
PubMed: 30653195
DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0289-8 -
Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine Dec 2021Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of acute respiratory infection. There is an excess of respiratory infections and deaths in schizophrenia, a... (Review)
Review
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of acute respiratory infection. There is an excess of respiratory infections and deaths in schizophrenia, a condition where vitamin D deficiency is especially prevalent. This potentially offers a modifiable risk factor to reduce the risk for and the severity of respiratory infection in people with schizophrenia, although there is as yet no evidence regarding the risk of COVID-19. In this narrative review, we describe the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in schizophrenia, report the research examining the relationship between vitamin D levels and COVID-19 and discuss the associations between vitamin D deficiency and respiratory infection, including its immunomodulatory mechanism of action.
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; SARS-CoV-2; Schizophrenia; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 32912355
DOI: 10.1017/ipm.2020.107 -
Journal of Pediatric Nursing 2022The association between serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) level and asthma occurrence in children was controversial. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PROBLEM
The association between serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) level and asthma occurrence in children was controversial.
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
The Pubmed, Ovid Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library were systematically searched up to April 13th 2020. All the study measured the serum 25-OHD level in children, or classified the children based on the 25-OHD level into severe vitamin D deficiency, insufficient deficiency and comparing the prevalence of asthma in childhood were included in our study.
SAMPLE
A total of 35 studies were included in our meta-analysis. Among them, 24 studies were included for analyzing the association between 25-OHD level and asthma, and 12 studies evaluated the treatment effect of vitamin D.
RESULTS
The children with asthma (5711 participants) had significant lower 25-OHD level than children without asthma (21,561 participants) (21.7 ng/ml versus 26.5 ng/ml, SMD = -1.36, 95% = -2.40--0.32, P = 0.010). Besides, the children with asthma treated with vitamin D supplement had a significantly lower recurrence rate than the placebo group (18.4% versus 35.9%, RR = 0.35, 95%CI = 0.35-0.79, P = 0.002).
CONCLUSIONS
Children with asthma had a lower 25-OHD level than healthy children. Vitamin D supplement could decrease the asthma recurrence rate in the follow-up years.
IMPLICATIONS
This study implies that lower 25-OHD may cause asthma in childhood.
Topics: Asthma; Child; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 34366195
DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.07.005 -
Military Medicine May 2022Vitamin D is critically important to numerous physiologic functions, including bone health. Poor vitamin D status is a common but underrecognized problem that... (Review)
Review
Vitamin D is critically important to numerous physiologic functions, including bone health. Poor vitamin D status is a common but underrecognized problem that predisposes the military population to stress fracture and completed fracture. This has significant implications for force health protection, warfighter readiness, attrition, and cost. Despite this, vitamin D deficiency is still underdiagnosed and undertreated in the military. This is a major hindrance to military readiness and one that could easily be modified with awareness, prevention, and early treatment. In this commentary, we review the literature on vitamin D deficiency and critically examine the current status of policies and clinical practice related to vitamin D in the military health system. We offer several practical recommendations to increase awareness and readiness while decreasing musculoskeletal injury and the associated costs.
Topics: Fractures, Stress; Humans; Military Personnel; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 34626466
DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usab402 -
The American Journal of Clinical... Jul 2021
Topics: Calcium; Calcium, Dietary; Humans; Rickets; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 33876199
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab121 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2020
Topics: Child; Humans; Osteogenesis; Rickets; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 33329409
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.621734 -
Critical Care (London, England) Oct 2018The burgeoning literature on vitamin D deficiency and supplementation over the past decade or so has generated a greater understanding of some areas but also an... (Review)
Review
The burgeoning literature on vitamin D deficiency and supplementation over the past decade or so has generated a greater understanding of some areas but also an appreciation of the many areas of equipoise. This is particularly relevant in the field of critical care with the heterogeneous patient populations, the severity and duration of illness and the frequency of comorbid conditions.This review aims to summarise the current knowledge base of vitamin D deficiency within the context of critical illness-"the known knowns"-and also highlight the areas of recognised uncertainty-"the known unknowns". It acknowledges the fact that there may well be other knowledge gaps of clinical relevance of which we are currently unaware-"the unknown unknowns".
Topics: Critical Illness; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Nutrition Therapy; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 30371341
DOI: 10.1186/s13054-018-2185-8 -
Journal of Autoimmunity Jun 2019Vitamin D deficiency is an established risk factor for many autoimmune diseases and the anti-inflammatory properties of vitamin D underscore its potential therapeutic... (Review)
Review
Vitamin D deficiency is an established risk factor for many autoimmune diseases and the anti-inflammatory properties of vitamin D underscore its potential therapeutic value for these diseases. However, results of vitamin D3 supplementation clinical trials have been varied. To understand the clinical heterogeneity, we reviewed the pre-clinical data on vitamin D activity in four common autoimmune diseases: multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in which patients are commonly maintained on oral vitamin D3 supplementation. In contrast, many pre-clinical studies utilize other methods of manipulation (i.e. genetic, injection). Given the many actions of vitamin D3 and data supporting a vitamin D-independent role of the Vitamin D receptor (VDR), a more detailed mechanistic understanding of vitamin D3 activity is needed to properly translate pre-clinical findings into the clinic. Therefore, we assessed studies based on route of vitamin D3 administration, and identified where discrepancies in results exist and where more research is needed to establish the benefit of vitamin D supplementation.
Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Cholecalciferol; Humans; Receptors, Calcitriol; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 30853311
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.03.002 -
Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) Oct 2015Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common neurological disease, and its etiology remains unknown. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the possible... (Review)
Review
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common neurological disease, and its etiology remains unknown. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the possible association between MS and vitamin D deficiency. Here, we review the current literature between MS and vitamin D, showing clear evidence that vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for MS despite the lack of direct evidence for the effects of vitamin D in MS progression.
Topics: Humans; Multiple Sclerosis; Risk Factors; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 26492110
DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2015.4.20150357