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Frontiers in Psychology 2022This article aims to analyze vocational education and training in Europe and to model mechanisms of educational and vocational choice. First, we expose the differences...
This article aims to analyze vocational education and training in Europe and to model mechanisms of educational and vocational choice. First, we expose the differences between VET approaches in Europe. Secondly, a sociological analysis is provided. When VET systems were first created, aspects such as work culture or diverging political concerns led to different responses in the various countries. Thirdly, we present a psychological approach of the educational and vocational choice which draws on a process where profession images are compared with one's own self-image. Finally, we present an integrated explanatory model of the vocational choice, based on sociological and psychological dimensions. In conclusion, we propose several plans of action in order to support and inform students regarding educational choice and to improve valorization of the VET track.
PubMed: 35707674
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.842307 -
Journal of Counseling Psychology Apr 2019The protean/boundaryless career concepts refer to people becoming more self-directed and flexible in managing their careers in response to societal shifts in work... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The protean/boundaryless career concepts refer to people becoming more self-directed and flexible in managing their careers in response to societal shifts in work arrangements. A sizable literature has emerged on protean/boundaryless career orientations/preferences (PBCO). Questions remain, however, about the structure of PBCO and whether they predict important criteria. The PBCO literature is largely disconnected from broader individual-level career research, making it unclear how PBCO intersect with career models based on other characteristics. We address these questions by systematically reviewing/meta-analyzing PBCO research. On the basis of 135 demographically/occupationally diverse samples from 35 countries (45,288 individuals), we find no support for traditional distinctions between protean and boundaryless orientations-protean self-directed, protean values-driven, and boundaryless psychological mobility all load onto a single general factor, labeled proactive career orientation, and are only weakly related to boundaryless physical mobility preferences. We also find that PBCO predict career self-management behaviors and career satisfaction but are less related to non-career-focused attitudes, objective success, or physical mobility behavior. PBCO are strongly related to proactivity-related and self-efficacy personality traits. We use these findings to propose an integrative model for how PBCO and other dispositions mutually influence career behavior. We discuss when PBCO may have advantages over broad traits for understanding careers, implications for counseling practice, and directions for future research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Attitude; Career Mobility; Goals; Humans; Job Satisfaction; Research; Self Efficacy; Vocational Guidance
PubMed: 30777774
DOI: 10.1037/cou0000324 -
Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2023Adolescents who have to make decisions regarding their future career or academic path can be greatly influenced by parental expectations and other individual and...
Adolescents who have to make decisions regarding their future career or academic path can be greatly influenced by parental expectations and other individual and contextual factors. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of adolescent-parent career congruence on adolescents' well-being and future intention to enroll in a university course. The recruitment of participants took place through a combination of convenience sampling and snowball sampling. A sample of 142 high school students who are managing their decisions for the future completed an online questionnaire. Data were analyzed through a path analysis (SEM) with observed variables, and different indices were evaluated to check the model goodness of fit. The data show that congruence with parents' wishes has a significant effect on academic motivation, work hope and mattering, which in turn have a positive and significant effect on both future intentions to undertake university studies and on the participants' occupational well-being. In line with past studies, our results demonstrate correlations between adolescent-parent career congruence in career exploration and decision making, pointing out in particular the influence due to complementary congruence with mothers. Furthermore, our study underscores the important role played by both individual and contextual factors in adolescent well-being and intentions for their future. Finally, implications for the practice of vocational guidance practitioners are discussed.
PubMed: 36975258
DOI: 10.3390/bs13030233 -
Krankenpflege. Soins Infirmiers Feb 2017
Topics: Career Mobility; Female; Humans; Job Satisfaction; Nursing Staff, Hospital; Switzerland; Vocational Guidance; Work Schedule Tolerance
PubMed: 30549557
DOI: No ID Found -
Beyond Colloquial Use: A Concept Analysis of Family Care Management in A Chronic-Conditions Context.Research and Theory For Nursing Practice Feb 2022Family care management is a colloquial concept that is widely applied to health and social care worldwide. Despite that the concept has been in use in a variety of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Family care management is a colloquial concept that is widely applied to health and social care worldwide. Despite that the concept has been in use in a variety of contexts for decades, a substantial number of scientific papers apply it with seemingly little consistency. In this study, we therefore report a concept analysis of family care management within a chronic-conditions context from the nursing perspective.
METHODS
A review of recent nursing and health-related literature covering the years 2000-2020 was performed on the concepts of family care, family nursing, family management, and care management. Nineteen studies were extracted for this analysis. Utilizing the Walker and Avant concept-analysis strategy, we defined attributes and analyzed the antecedents and their consequences.
RESULTS
The concept is defined from the perspective of health professionals. Five key attributes of family care management were identified: supervising situations, providing guidance, creating partnerships, a philosophical foundation, and a management style. Antecedents to the conductance of family care management included chronic health status, demographic and socioeconomic factors, and shortage of resources. The outcome of family care management was then described with respect to both positive and negative aspects.
IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE
Family care management is a highly abstract concept. We described two sub-concepts in need of clarification, including dynamic management behavior and a static management frame. Without a clear understanding of family care management, the concept is at risk of being relegated to a vague colloquial expression. Developing a theory of family care management might position the concept in a theoretical context, and could provide health providers with a point of reference for meaningful family care management strategies within their practices.
Topics: Concept Formation; Humans
PubMed: 35173028
DOI: 10.1891/RTNP-2021-0012 -
PloS One 2021Job security can never be taken for granted, especially in times of rapid, widespread and unexpected social and economic change. These changes can force workers to...
Job security can never be taken for granted, especially in times of rapid, widespread and unexpected social and economic change. These changes can force workers to transition to new jobs. This may be because new technologies emerge or production is moved abroad. Perhaps it is a global crisis, such as COVID-19, which shutters industries and displaces labor en masse. Regardless of the impetus, people are faced with the challenge of moving between jobs to find new work. Successful transitions typically occur when workers leverage their existing skills in the new occupation. Here, we propose a novel method to measure the similarity between occupations using their underlying skills. We then build a recommender system for identifying optimal transition pathways between occupations using job advertisements (ads) data and a longitudinal household survey. Our results show that not only can we accurately predict occupational transitions (Accuracy = 76%), but we account for the asymmetric difficulties of moving between jobs (it is easier to move in one direction than the other). We also build an early warning indicator for new technology adoption (showcasing Artificial Intelligence), a major driver of rising job transitions. By using real-time data, our systems can respond to labor demand shifts as they occur (such as those caused by COVID-19). They can be leveraged by policy-makers, educators, and job seekers who are forced to confront the often distressing challenges of finding new jobs.
Topics: Algorithms; Australia; COVID-19; Datasets as Topic; Demography; Employment; Humans; Industry; Occupations; Pandemics; Population Dynamics; Professional Competence; Vocational Guidance
PubMed: 34347821
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254722 -
Hematology. American Society of... Dec 2014Silent cerebral infarction (SCI) is a highly prevalent and morbid condition in sickle cell disease (SCD). SCI can occur beginning in the first year of life and becomes... (Review)
Review
Silent cerebral infarction (SCI) is a highly prevalent and morbid condition in sickle cell disease (SCD). SCI can occur beginning in the first year of life and becomes more common with increasing age. Potentially modifiable risk factors for SCI include anemia and blood pressure. Headache does not appear to be associated with SCI, so neurologically normal children with headache do not necessarily warrant screening MRI for SCI. SCI does affect cognition, but biological determinants of cognition are not more important than socioeconomic factors. The recent identification of acute silent cerebral ischemic events indicates that the total burden of ischemic injury to the brain in SCD is far greater than previously realized. Acute anemic events appear to increase the risk of acute silent cerebral ischemic events and SCI dramatically. The medical management of SCI is not yet defined, but documentation of the presence of SCI may qualify affected individuals for special resources because comprehensive interventions are needed to optimize patients' academic and vocational outcomes.
Topics: Anemia, Sickle Cell; Cerebral Infarction; Humans; Incidence; Morbidity; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Prevalence; Risk Factors
PubMed: 25696891
DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2014.1.438 -
Fitoterapia Jun 2024Bioactive compounds derived from natural sources have long been investigated for the prevention and treatment of human diseases. Sophoraflavanone G (SFG), a lavandulyl... (Review)
Review
Bioactive compounds derived from natural sources have long been investigated for the prevention and treatment of human diseases. Sophoraflavanone G (SFG), a lavandulyl flavanone naturally occurring in several Sophora plant species, belongs to the group of prenylated flavonoids that have garnered significant interest in contemporary research. The natural molecule exhibits a wide range of pharmacological properties and shows remarkable efficacy. Its ability to effectively suppress a range of malignant tumor cells, such as leukemia, breast cancer, and lung cancer, is attributed to its multi-target, multi-pathway, and multi-faceted mechanisms of action. Simultaneously, it can also alleviate various inflammatory diseases by mediating inflammatory mediators and molecular pathways. Furthermore, it has the capability to combat antibiotic resistance, exhibit synergistic antibacterial properties with diverse antibiotics, and prevent and treat various agricultural pests. Theoretically, it can bring benefits to human health and has potential value as a drug. Nevertheless, the drawbacks of poor water solubility and inadequate targeting cannot be overlooked. To comprehensively assess the current research on SFG, leverage its structural advantages and pharmacological activity, overcome its low bioavailability limitations, expedite its progression into a novel therapeutic drug, and better serve the clinic, this article presents a overall retrospect of the current research status of SFG. The discussion includes an analysis of the structural characteristics, physicochemical properties, bioavailability, pharmacological activities, and structure-activity relationships of SFG, with the goal of offering valuable insights and guidance for future research endeavors in this field.
PubMed: 38901805
DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106080 -
BMC Pediatrics Jul 2022During the growth period, before and after maturity, considerable biological changes occur. It seems that these changes are related to neuromuscular patterns and have...
BACKGROUND
During the growth period, before and after maturity, considerable biological changes occur. It seems that these changes are related to neuromuscular patterns and have significant differences in the functional movements performed of young boys and girls during the maturation process. The current study aimed to look at the movement quality scores of school-aged girls and boys.
METHODS
This Cross-Sectional Study assessed the movement quality of 700 school-aged boys and girls aged 8 to 17, divided into 10 groups of 35 girls and 10 groups of 35 boys. Movement quality was evaluated by the Fusionetics scoring system, which includes 7 tasks: two-leg squat, two-leg squat with heel raise, one-leg squat, push-up, shoulder, trunk, and cervical movements that require a person to complete different movement patterns. The data was analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank and McNemar tests (p <0.05).
RESULTS
This is the first study to our knowledge to examine the movement quality scores in a large school age child with Fusionetics. The overall results showed that the most errors were recorded in all age groups during the double leg squat, double leg squat with heel lift, single leg squat, and push-up and school-age children showed less errors during the shoulder movements, trunk/lumbar spine movements and cervical spine movements. Furthermore, younger girls and boys made more errors than older girls and boys. In relation to gender, this study found that girls scored better on the total Fusionetics score than boys.
CONCLUSIONS
The Fusionetics scoring system explains how well school-aged children perform fundamental movements. Under the guidance of coaches and physical educators, students' movement compensation should be assessed and relevant training interventions implemented. Taking steps to address movement compensation could help to avoid injuries and improve school-age children performance.
Topics: Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Movement; Schools; Students; Torso
PubMed: 35799155
DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03410-2 -
International Journal of Pharmaceutics Sep 2022Amorphous pharmaceutical solids (APS) are single- or multi-component systems in which drugs exist in high-energy states with long-range disordered molecular packing.... (Review)
Review
Amorphous pharmaceutical solids (APS) are single- or multi-component systems in which drugs exist in high-energy states with long-range disordered molecular packing. APSs have become one of the most effective and widely used pharmaceutical delivery approaches for poorly water-soluble drugs in the last several decades. Considerable efforts have been made to investigate the physical stability and dissolution behaviors of APSs, however, the underlying mechanisms remain imperfectly understood. Recent studies reveal that surface and interface properties of APSs could strongly affect the physical stability and dissolution behaviors. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of recent studies focusing on the physical stability and dissolution behaviors of APSs from both surface and interface perspectives. We highlight the role of surface or interface properties in nucleation, crystal growth, phase separation, dissolution, and supersaturation. Meanwhile, the challenges and scope of research on surface and interface properties in the future are also briefly discussed. This review contributes to a better understanding of the surface- and interface-facilitated processes, which will provide more efficient and rational guidance for the design of APSs.
Topics: Crystallization; Drug Stability; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Solubility; Water
PubMed: 35961416
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122098