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Pediatric Blood & Cancer Jul 2020Childhood cancer can have short- and long-term impacts on parents' finances and employment. It is important to understand how families adjust to the financial and... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
Childhood cancer can have short- and long-term impacts on parents' finances and employment. It is important to understand how families adjust to the financial and employment changes caused by childhood cancer, the ongoing impacts after treatment completion, and which families need more targeted support. Qualitative research is necessary to facilitate an in-depth understanding of the employment and financial impacts on families and to capture parents' complex and nuanced experiences and perspectives.
METHODS
We interviewed 56 parents of childhood cancer survivors (M = 2.13 years after treatment completion; 89% mothers) using the vocational and financial impact section of the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale-Carer Interview Form. We analyzed interviews using content analysis.
RESULTS
Parents reported multiple sources of financial toxicity including travel to and from the hospital and needing to reduce their working hours during their child's cancer treatment. Workplace flexibility was an important factor to protect against unwanted vocational changes. After treatment completion, families living in low socioeconomic areas commonly reported ongoing financial difficulties. Mothers, particularly those who were on maternity leave when their child was diagnosed with cancer, reported ongoing employment impacts including unemployment.
CONCLUSIONS
Clinical staff including social workers could more consistently assess families' financial distress and refer to professional services who can offer guidance for financial decision-making as standard care. Flexible workplace agreements appear important for parents of children with cancer. Our findings can assist organizations to understand that cancer-related disruptions are likely to continue after treatment completion, and therefore should offer benefits to parents where possible.
Topics: Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Conflict, Psychological; Cost of Illness; Employment; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Parents; Prognosis; Qualitative Research; Retrospective Studies; Return to Work; Socioeconomic Factors; Young Adult
PubMed: 32333636
DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28345 -
Annals of Work Exposures and Health Sep 2018Collision repair, machining, and metal manufacturing are industries with a large percentage of small businesses whose owners face unique challenges implementing health...
Collision repair, machining, and metal manufacturing are industries with a large percentage of small businesses whose owners face unique challenges implementing health and safety regulatory requirements. Previous research found that 72% of collision repair technicians and 47% of machinists attended some classes or graduated from vocational colleges. Although health and safety is a mandatory part of the curricula for post-secondary vocational education, little is known about what, how, and when health and safety is taught and if teaching is effective. Surveys and discussion groups were used to evaluate health and safety education in two vocational colleges in Minnesota. Six instructors and 76 students in collision repair, and 6 instructors and 130 students in machine tool technology programs participated. Instructors had no formal training in health and safety, few teaching materials, and lacked opportunities to learn about safety in their trade. Teaching was unscripted and heavily influenced by each instructor's™ industry experience, knowledge, perceptions and attitude towards safety, with little or no guidance from school administration, or safety professionals. Student survey results show that graduates have significant gaps in safety and health knowledge. Standardized trade-specific curricula and instructor training are needed to ensure students receive adequate health and safety education.
Topics: Humans; Industry; Metallurgy; Occupational Exposure; Occupational Health; Small Business; Vocational Education
PubMed: 30212879
DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxy034 -
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics :... Aug 2022A SnS monolayer is a new two-dimensional material with a black phosphorous structure, with high carrier mobility and a large surface-to-volume ratio, and is an ideal...
A SnS monolayer is a new two-dimensional material with a black phosphorous structure, with high carrier mobility and a large surface-to-volume ratio, and is an ideal candidate material for gas sensors. The adsorption and sensing behaviors between the SnS monolayer and gas molecules are enhanced under the action of TM atoms with high catalytic performance. The adsorption behavior of CO and HS on intrinsic and transition metal atom modified SnS monolayers is investigated based on the first principles calculations. The adsorption structure, adsorption energy, electron transfer, density of states, electron local density, work function, and desorption properties are discussed to evaluate the potential applications of SnS monolayers as scavengers and gas sensors for CO and HS molecules. The results show that Ni, Pd, Pt and Cu atoms tend to be adsorbed on T sites, while Ag and Au atoms are more easily captured by T sites. Further studies have shown that all TM atoms can significantly enhance the sensing behavior between the SnS monolayer and the gas molecules. The adsorption performance of the CO molecule on the TM-mediated SnS (TM-SnS) monolayer is obviously better than that of the HS molecule. Furthermore, the effects of electric field and biaxial strain on the sensing properties of gas molecules on Ni-SnS monolayers are also investigated. Finally, the desorption time of gas molecules from the TM-SnS monolayer is estimated. This will provide experimenters with theoretical guidance for the application of SnS-based sensing materials, and our work is of great significance for predicting new monochalcogenide sensing materials.
PubMed: 35960000
DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02257e -
Rehabilitation Psychology Feb 2017Matching a person's capabilities and characteristics with the demands and characteristics of their job is crucial for sustainable employment, in particular for persons... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Matching a person's capabilities and characteristics with the demands and characteristics of their job is crucial for sustainable employment, in particular for persons with disabilities. The present study aims to summarize and synthesize conceptual and empirical knowledge on job matching (JM) from industrial and organizational psychology (IOP), vocational psychology (VP), and return to work (RTW) research.
RESEARCH METHOD
We conducted a scoping study applying Arksey and O'Malley's (2005) framework and using eight electronic databases from psychology, economics, and medicine. The literature search covered studies in English and German published between 1945 and 2015.
RESULTS
A total of 312 studies were selected and analyzed. Of these, 205 were assigned to IOP, 45 to VP, 31 to both IOP and VP, and 17 to RTW research. Fourteen studies were allocated to both RTW and VP research, representing the field of vocational rehabilitation counseling. IOP and VP studies predominantly investigated the effects of JM on work-related outcomes, such as job satisfaction, tenure, or career development. RTW research focused on the development of mainly generic JM tools for job placement of persons with disabilities. Limited cross-fertilization between IOP and VP and the RTW context became evident.
CONCLUSIONS
Unlike in IOP and VP, there is a dearth of JM research in the RTW context. Integrating the broad organizational and occupational JM knowledge from IOP and VP with the biopsychosocial framework of RTW could provide a sound basis for developing JM applications in vocational rehabilitation counseling that promote sustainable work reintegration of persons with disabilities. (PsycINFO Database Record
Topics: Career Choice; Disabled Persons; Germany; Humans; Interdisciplinary Communication; Intersectoral Collaboration; Psychology, Industrial; Rehabilitation, Vocational; Return to Work; Vocational Guidance
PubMed: 28206808
DOI: 10.1037/rep0000119 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2022With the continuous development and improvement of Internet media technologies in China, the influence of livestream e-commerce is becoming increasingly prominent, and...
With the continuous development and improvement of Internet media technologies in China, the influence of livestream e-commerce is becoming increasingly prominent, and an increasing number of people are engaging in consumption activities in this field. It is important to study consumer stickiness in livestream e-commerce to promote economic structure adjustment and innovation-driven development. Therefore, in this study, we adopted the expectation confirmation theory (ECT) as the theoretical framework and analyzed the ECT and stickiness. The study considered satisfaction as the previous influencing factor of user and consumer stickiness, replaced the continuance intention in the expectation confirmation model with consumer stickiness as the explanatory variable, introduced the variable of perceived playfulness as the value perception after user experience, and established a consumer stickiness factors model. A total of 262 valid questionnaires were collected in this study, and SmartPLS analysis along with interviews were used to justify the limitations of data analysis. The results of the study demonstrated a significant effect of perceived usefulness and confirmation on satisfaction, a significant effect of confirmation on perceived usefulness, a significant effect of satisfaction on stickiness, and a significant effect of confirmation on perceived playfulness. Based on findings from the data analysis and interviews, we further proposed rationalized recommendations, and aimed to provide some theoretical guidance for future research on live streaming.
PubMed: 36118462
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.962786 -
Polymers Aug 2023For rubber-like materials, there are three popular methods of equibiaxial tension available: inflation tension, equibiaxial planar tension, and radial tension. However,...
For rubber-like materials, there are three popular methods of equibiaxial tension available: inflation tension, equibiaxial planar tension, and radial tension. However, no studies have addressed the accuracy and comparability of these tests. In this work, we model the tension tests for a hyperelastic electroactive polymer (EAP) membrane material using finite element method (FEM) and investigate their experimental accuracy. This study also analyzes the impact of apparatus structure parameters and specimen dimensions on experimental performances. Additionally, a tensile efficiency is proposed to assess non-uniform deformation in equibiaxial planar tension and radial tension tests. The sample points for calculating deformation in inflation tensions should be taken near the top of the inflated balloon to obtain a more accurate characteristic curve; the deformation simulation range will be constrained by the material model and its parameters within a specific limit ( ≈ 1.9); if the inflation hole size is halved, the required air pressure must be doubled to maintain equivalent stress and strain values, resulting in a reduction in half in inflation height and decreased accuracy. The equibiaxial planar tension test can enhance uniform deformation and reduce stress errors to as low as 2.1% (at = 4) with single-corner-point tension. For circular diaphragm specimens in radial tension tests, increasing the number of cuts and using larger punched holes results in more uniform deformation and less stress error, with a minimum value of 3.83% achieved for a specimen with 24 cuts and a 5 mm punched hole. In terms of tensile efficiency, increasing the number of tensile points in the equibiaxial planar tension test can improve it; under radial tension, increasing the number of cuts and decreasing the diameter of the punched hole on the specimen has a hedging effect. The findings of this study are valuable for accurately evaluating various equibiaxial tension methods and analyzing their precision, as well as providing sound guidance for the effective design of testing apparatus and test plans.
PubMed: 37688187
DOI: 10.3390/polym15173561 -
Patient Education and Counseling Jul 2023To identify and synthesise the experiences and benefits of addressing vocational issues in the provision of healthcare for young people (YP) with long-term conditions... (Review)
Review
Addressing education and employment outcomes in the provision of healthcare for young people with physical long-term conditions: A systematic review and mixed methods synthesis.
OBJECTIVE
To identify and synthesise the experiences and benefits of addressing vocational issues in the provision of healthcare for young people (YP) with long-term conditions (LTCs).
METHODS
We searched 10 bibliographic databases. Restrictions were applied on publication date (1996-2020) and language (English). Two reviewers independently screened records against eligibility criteria. Articles reporting relevant qualitative and/or quantitative research were included. Quality appraisal was undertaken following study selection. Qualitative data were synthesised thematically, and quantitative data narratively. A cross-study synthesis integrated qualitative and quantitative findings.
RESULTS
43 articles were included. Thematic synthesis of qualitative studies (n = 23) resulted in seven recommendations for intervention (psychological support; information/signposting; skills training; career advice; healthcare-school/workplace collaboration; social support; flexible/responsive care). The narrative synthesis summarised results of 17 interventions (n = 20 quantitative studies). The cross-study synthesis mapped interventions against recommendations. Transitional care was the intervention type that most comprehensively met our proposed recommendations.
CONCLUSIONS
Evidence from YP perspectives highlights that vocational development is an important area to address in healthcare provision. Robust intervention studies in this area are lacking.
PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Our evidence-based recommendations for intervention can support health professionals to better address vocational issues/outcomes. With minimal adaptations, transitional care interventions would be particularly well suited to deliver this.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Health Personnel; Educational Status; Social Support; Workplace; Delivery of Health Care
PubMed: 37086594
DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2023.107765 -
Disability and Rehabilitation Aug 2020To develop and pretest a comprehensive occupation- and health condition-specific job matching tool for vocational rehabilitation of persons with spinal cord injury. The...
An interdisciplinary approach to job matching: developing an occupation-specific job matching tool for reintegrating persons with spinal cord injury into the labor market.
To develop and pretest a comprehensive occupation- and health condition-specific job matching tool for vocational rehabilitation of persons with spinal cord injury. The study design involved qualitative and quantitative steps. First, an interdisciplinary scoping review covering return-to-work, organizational and vocational psychology research was conducted to devise a conceptual job matching framework. Then, the occupation- and health condition-specific tool content was determined based on a database analysis of jobs performed by persons with spinal cord injury and focus groups with affected persons. Finally, a tool prototype was developed and pretested in a simulation exercise with vocational rehabilitation professionals. The study yielded a tool prototype with matching profiles that structure the demands and characteristics of 415 occupations as well as spinal cord injury-related needs and limitations into a stable, a modifiable, and a needs-supplies dimension of person-job match. Vocational rehabilitation professionals perceived the prototype as helpful for determining target jobs for vocational retraining and for goal-oriented intervention planning. By comprehensively assessing the person-job match of individuals with spinal cord injury, the tool facilitates determining suitable target jobs and interdisciplinary intervention planning in vocational rehabilitation and is thus likely to promote sustainable return to work.Implications for rehabilitationJob matching is crucial for a sustainable work reintegration of persons with disabilities. However, the majority of existing job matching tools lack applicability for return to work because they are (1) not occupation-specific or rely on outdated occupational information, (2) not health condition-specific, and (3) not comprehensive with regard to the relevant aspects for determining a person-job match.Persons with spinal cord injury are a case in point for the need of job matching tools that comprehensively address occupation- and health condition-specific information.The present study responded to the shortcomings of existing job matching tools and uses vocational rehabilitation of persons with spinal cord injury as a case in point for developing a job matching tool that is both occupation- and health condition-specific at the same time.The developed tool was perceived as promising for determining suitable target jobs for vocational retraining of persons with spinal cord injury and for goal-oriented intervention planning in an interdisciplinary vocational rehabilitation setting. The tool's underlying conceptual framework may also serve as a blueprint for developing job matching tools for other types of disabilities.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Occupations; Rehabilitation, Vocational; Return to Work; Spinal Cord Injuries; Vocational Education
PubMed: 30929524
DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1561958 -
JBI Evidence Synthesis May 2024The objective of this review was to identify the literature and map the individual and environmental factors that influence registered nurses' and midwives' decision to... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this review was to identify the literature and map the individual and environmental factors that influence registered nurses' and midwives' decision to stay or leave their professions within the first 3 years of practice.
INTRODUCTION
Nursing and midwifery workforce sustainability is an international concern. One aspect is the retention of new registered nurses and midwives in their first years of practice. Several factors are thought to influence the decisions of new registered nurses and midwives to leave or stay in their professions. This review sought to identify and map those factors to enable further research for workforce sustainability development strategies.
INCLUSION CRITERIA
The study cohort included registered nurses and midwives in their first 3 years of practice, which we called newcomers . Nurses who were required to work under the supervision of registered nurses and midwives (ie, enrolled nurses, licensed practical nurses, and licensed vocational nurses) were excluded. Papers were included only if they explored individual or environmental factors influencing nurses' decision to stay in or leave the professions of nursing or midwifery. Studies could be from any country or care environment, and participants were newcomers providing direct clinical care. Newcomers employed in other health roles, such as education, research, administration, or non-nursing/midwifery roles, were excluded. All research designs and peer-reviewed papers were included; policy documents were excluded. The date of inclusion was from the earliest publication on this topic, which was 1974, to the date of the search.
METHODS
The JBI methodology for scoping reviews was followed, and reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidance. The search strategy aimed to locate published and unpublished primary studies, reviews, and text and opinion papers. The initial search of relevant databases was conducted in January 2020 and updated in January 2022. Reference lists of included articles were also screened. Following data extraction, descriptive qualitative content analysis was undertaken.
RESULTS
Twelve articles from 11 studies were included in this review. They were published between 2005 and 2020, and originated from 5 countries. Two studies were observational, 3 were cross-sectional, 5 were longitudinal studies, 1 was a pre- and post-program evaluation, and 1 was a scoping review. All studies focused on registered nurses; no publications on registered midwives met the inclusion criteria. Individual factors we identified that impact newcomers' intention to stay in or leave the profession included physical and psychological health, professional identity, professional commitment, and development. Environmental factors included workplace culture, engagement, and management.
CONCLUSIONS
Professional self-image, identity, and a sense of pride in the profession are important components of newcomer retention. Strategies that positively support transition to practice and create realistic expectations were highlighted. Managers play an important role in registered nurse retention, as they can influence many of the newcomers' experiences. It is concerning that no studies about newcomer midwives were found. Many studies explored turnover or intention to leave the job/employer rather than the profession. These are important considerations for future research.
Topics: Humans; Midwifery; Nurses; Female; Personnel Turnover
PubMed: 37661721
DOI: 10.11124/JBIES-22-00367 -
Journal of Healthcare Risk Management :... Jan 2017
Topics: Humans; Professional Competence; Risk Management; Vocational Guidance
PubMed: 28099794
DOI: 10.1002/jhrm.21263