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The Veterinary Clinics of North... Mar 2022Gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) is an acute, life-threatening syndrome of dogs, particularly large and giant breeds with a deep chest conformation. Rapid diagnosis... (Review)
Review
Gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) is an acute, life-threatening syndrome of dogs, particularly large and giant breeds with a deep chest conformation. Rapid diagnosis is important for prompt initiation of stabilization therapy and surgical correction. Negative prognostic factors include hyperlactatemia not responding to fluid therapy, gastric perforation, or need for splenectomy or gastric resection. Gastropexy is essential for all dogs affected by GDV, following correct gastric repositioning. Prophylactic gastropexy for at-risk breeds can be performed via minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Gastric Dilatation; Gastropexy; Intestinal Volvulus; Stomach Volvulus
PubMed: 35082096
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2021.11.004 -
Diseases of the Colon and Rectum Sep 2021
Topics: Acute Disease; Cecal Diseases; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Colectomy; Colon; Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction; Decompression, Surgical; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Humans; Intestinal Volvulus; Ischemia; Neostigmine; Sigmoid Diseases
PubMed: 34016826
DOI: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002159 -
World Journal of Emergency Surgery :... May 2023Sigmoid volvulus is a common surgical emergency, especially in elderly patients. Patients can present with a wide range of clinical states: from asymptomatic, to frank... (Review)
Review
Sigmoid volvulus is a common surgical emergency, especially in elderly patients. Patients can present with a wide range of clinical states: from asymptomatic, to frank peritonitis secondary to colonic perforation. These patients generally need urgent treatment, be it endoscopic decompression of the colon or an upfront colectomy. The World Society of Emergency Surgery united a worldwide group of international experts to review the current evidence and propose a consensus guidelines on the management of sigmoid volvulus.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Intestinal Volvulus; Decompression, Surgical; Lumbar Vertebrae; Colonic Diseases
PubMed: 37189134
DOI: 10.1186/s13017-023-00502-x -
The Surgical Clinics of North America Oct 2018Intestinal volvulus, regardless of location, is a rare disease process, but one that requires high suspicion and timely diagnosis given the increased incidence of... (Review)
Review
Intestinal volvulus, regardless of location, is a rare disease process, but one that requires high suspicion and timely diagnosis given the increased incidence of intestinal necrosis and potential mortality. Most patients with intestinal volvulus require some form of surgical intervention. However, over the last few decades, the work-up and management of intestinal volvulus has changed given constant advancements in technology and patient care. Most importantly, however, is recognizing the need for emergent versus more elective surgery because this influences the morbidity and mortality for the individual patient.
Topics: Humans; Intestinal Volvulus
PubMed: 30243456
DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2018.06.005 -
The American Surgeon May 2023In the United States, the third leading cause of a large bowel obstruction (LBO) is colonic volvulus with torsion occurring most commonly in the sigmoid and the cecum.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
In the United States, the third leading cause of a large bowel obstruction (LBO) is colonic volvulus with torsion occurring most commonly in the sigmoid and the cecum. Transverse colonic volvulus (TCV) is exceedingly rare and specific involvement of the splenic flexure (SFV) is even less common. The present analysis was undertaken to interrogate current trends in presentation, management, and outcomes of TCV.
METHODS
In the present report, the world literature was reviewed for the past 90 years (1932 to 2021). We conducted a systematic review to identify all cases of TCV following the PRISMA guidelines.
RESULTS
We identified 317 cases of TCV. This included SFV (n = 75), TCV in pediatric patients (n = 63), TCV in pregnant patients (n = 8), and TCV associated with other pathology such as Chilaiditi's syndrome (n = 11). Compared to sigmoid and cecal volvulus, TCV was rare (.94%). It affected slightly more women (54%) than men, commonly in their third decade of life (37.7 ± 23.8). The clinical presentation and diagnostic imaging were consistent with LBO. Compared to sigmoid volvulus, there was a limited role for conservative management and colonoscopic decompression was less effective. The most common operation was segmental resection (25%). Mortality was (20%) commonly because of cardiopulmonary complications and affected more women (63%). The average age of this cohort was 55.7±24.6 years old.
DISCUSSION
Our review showed that TCV is an uncommon surgical entity. The diagnosis is likely to be made at laparotomy. Prompt recognition is paramount in preventing ischemia necrosis and perforation. Compared to sigmoid and cecal volvulus, the mortality for TCV remains high.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Child; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Intestinal Volvulus; Colon, Transverse; Colonic Diseases; Intestinal Obstruction; Colonoscopy
PubMed: 34461758
DOI: 10.1177/00031348211041564 -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Nov 2016A wide variety of disorders affecting the intestinal tract in cattle may require surgery. Among those disorders the more common are: intestinal volvulus, jejunal... (Review)
Review
A wide variety of disorders affecting the intestinal tract in cattle may require surgery. Among those disorders the more common are: intestinal volvulus, jejunal hemorrhage syndrome and more recently the duodenal sigmoid flexure volvulus. Although general principles of intestinal surgery can be applied, cattle has anatomical and behavior particularities that must be known before invading the abdomen. This article focuses on surgical techniques used to optimize outcomes and discusses specific disorders of small intestine. Diagnoses and surgical techniques presented can be applied in field conditions.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Female; Intestinal Volvulus; Intestine, Small
PubMed: 27614777
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2016.05.007 -
Surgery Jul 2022
Topics: Abdomen; Gallbladder; Gallbladder Diseases; Humans; Intestinal Volvulus; Torsion Abnormality
PubMed: 34996603
DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2021.12.006 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Aug 2022
Topics: Abdomen; Gallbladder Diseases; Humans; Intestinal Volvulus
PubMed: 36070712
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMicm2118625 -
British Journal of Hospital Medicine... Mar 2024Volvulus describes the twisting of the intestine or colon around its mesentery. Intestinal obstruction and/or ischaemia are the most common complications of volvulus.... (Review)
Review
Volvulus describes the twisting of the intestine or colon around its mesentery. Intestinal obstruction and/or ischaemia are the most common complications of volvulus. Within the gastrointestinal tract, there is a preponderance towards colonic volvulus. The sigmoid is the most commonly affected segment, followed by the caecum, small intestine and stomach. Distinguishing between the differing anatomical locations of gastrointestinal volvulus can be challenging, but is important for the management and prognosis. This article focuses on the main anatomical sites of gastrointestinal volvulus encountered in clinical practice. The aetiology, presentation, radiological features and management options for each are discussed to highlight the key differences.
Topics: Humans; Intestinal Volvulus; Intestinal Obstruction; Colon, Sigmoid; Intestine, Small; Radiography
PubMed: 38557088
DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2023.0295 -
JAMA Jun 2019
Topics: Colonoscopy; Humans; Intestinal Volvulus; Sigmoid Diseases
PubMed: 31237646
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2019.2349