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Frontiers in Oncology 2021HER2 aberrations in salivary gland carcinomas (SGC) as well as benefit of HER2 directed therapy have been reported in small studies. However, reliable estimates of the...
BACKGROUND
HER2 aberrations in salivary gland carcinomas (SGC) as well as benefit of HER2 directed therapy have been reported in small studies. However, reliable estimates of the prevalence of HER2 positivity in SGC and its various histological subtypes are lacking.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the prevalence of HER2 positivity in histological subtypes of salivary gland carcinomas (SGC).
METHODS
Studies were identified by a systematic review of the literature. Data on hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were extracted to derive pooled prevalence estimates calculated by a random effects model. Characteristics of the studies were extracted for subgroup analysis.
RESULTS
Fifty studies including 3372 patients were identified, providing data on sixteen histological subtypes. Based on the meta-analysis, the estimated prevalence of HER2 positivity were 43% (95% CI: 36% - 51%) in salivary duct carcinoma (SDC), 39% (95% CI: 32% - 45%) in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CEP), 17% (95% CI: 7.5% - 33%) in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 13% (95% CI: 7.6% - 21%) in adenocarcinoma NOS (ADC), 6.7% (95% CI: 0.17%-32%) in poorly differentiated carcinoma, 5.5% (95% CI: 2.9% - 9.6%) in mucoepidermoid carcinoma, 4.3% (95% CI: 1.4% - 13%) in myoepithelial carcinoma, 1.8% (95% CI: 0.04%-9.6%) in epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, 0.45% (95% CI: 0.0097% - 18%) in acinic cell carcinoma and 0.15% (0.037% - 5.4%) in adenoid cystic carcinoma. Estimates for five additional subtypes were assessed.
CONCLUSION
Prevalence of HER 2 positivity in SGC varies greatly based on histological subtype, with SDC, CEP, SCC, and ADC displaying the highest rates.
PubMed: 34249747
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.693394 -
Cancer Management and Research 2018The purpose of this research was to determine whether neck dissection is necessary for the adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of head and neck.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this research was to determine whether neck dissection is necessary for the adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of head and neck.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This article screened the abstract and full-text papers that investigated salivary gland primary ACC of head and neck. Two independent reviewers searched for articles published before October 2017 in three databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Ovid), having no limits in date and language. Statistical data were analyzed statistically by Review Manager 5.3.
RESULTS
In total, 18 studies involving 2993 patients were included in the analysis. Of the 2993 patients, 473 patients had cervical lymph node metastasis, with a merge frequency of 16% (95% CI: 13-19). Among included articles, only 4 involved cervical lymph node occult metastases, with a merge frequency of 14% (95% CI: 9-20). There were 5 articles containing minor salivary glands (MiSGs) involving 370 patients of which 92 patients had cervical lymph node metastases and the merge frequency was 25% (95% CI: 11-38). Moreover, there were 4 studies on major salivary glands involving 904 patients of which 158 patients had cervical lymph node metastases and the merge frequency was 17% (95% CI: 15-20).
CONCLUSION
Elective neck dissection is unnecessary for all patients with salivary gland ACC of head and neck. Moreover, compared with major salivary glands, MiSGs have a higher cervical lymph node metastases rate in ACC. The overall cervical lymph node metastases rate of MiSGs is 25%, which is enough to attract our attention. Therefore, we suggest that neck dissection might be applied to ACC of MiSGs.
PubMed: 29970966
DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S164677 -
GMS Interdisciplinary Plastic and... 2019This study provides an up-to-date overview of the distribution of salivary gland tumors in relation to sex, land of treatment, localization of the tumor in the mouths,...
This study provides an up-to-date overview of the distribution of salivary gland tumors in relation to sex, land of treatment, localization of the tumor in the mouths, and benign/malignant disease of this type of tumor. We hypothesized that the distribution of patients with salivary gland tumors could vary according to country, gender, age and tumor specificity. In addition there is a comparison of the primary classification of salivary gland tumors from 1981 and the recent classification from 2005. Data from the Medline database PubMed.gov and supplementary sources were used to conduct a systematic literature search. For this purpose, data from different studies were independently collected using a previously designed questionnaire. The first section analyzes the general features of the relevant salivary gland tumors from 141 studies involving a total of 25,826 patients across 30 different countries in terms of gender and the occurrence of benign/malignant salivary gland tumors. These data were summarized and presented. This review offers an insight into the dramatic local differences with regard to salivary gland tumor occurrence as a stepping stone to further classify such data in order to derive effective therapy options, prognosis and widen the general understanding of the subject.
PubMed: 31523610
DOI: 10.3205/iprs000138 -
Sleep & Breathing = Schlaf & Atmung May 2024This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review of drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) in pediatric conventional obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review of drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) in pediatric conventional obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) without previous upper airway surgery, or comorbidity, to evaluate the change in treatment strategies and to identify obstructive sites observed during DISE. This study aimed to explore the role of DISE in the management of pediatric conventional OSAHS.
METHODS
A comprehensive search was conducted using both computerized and manual methods to retrieve relevant case studies on DISE-guided treatment of pediatric conventional OSAHS from databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, WF, and VIP database. The search period extended from database inception to January 2023. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select relevant literature, and data extraction was performed accordingly. Meta-analysis was conducted using the Stata 16.0 software.
RESULTS
A total of 761 patients from four studies were included in the meta-analysis. All pediatric patients had no history of upper airway surgery, craniofacial abnormalities, or syndromes other than OSAHS. The quality assessment revealed that the included studies were of low methodological quality and consisted of non-randomized case studies. Meta-analysis results indicated that in pediatric patients with OSAHS, the obstruction rates observed during DISE were as follows: nasopharyngeal (adenoid) obstruction 93%, soft palate obstruction 35%, oropharyngeal (tonsil) obstruction 76%, tongue base obstruction 32%, supraglottic obstruction 31%, and multi-level obstruction 60%. DISE led to a change in the conventional surgical approach in 45% (95% CI: 29-60%) of patients with OSAHS, providing individualized treatment plans. Postoperative symptoms and sleep-related parameters improved significantly compared to preoperative values, with DISE findings possibly enhancing surgical success rates and potentially avoiding unnecessary procedures.
CONCLUSION
In some cases, DISE may potentially lead to alterations in conventional surgical approaches for children with OSAHS who had no history of upper airway surgery, craniofacial abnormalities, or other syndromes.. The results of our meta-analysis were in favor of DISE-directed approach for pediatric conventional OSAHS. However, further high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are warranted in future research to investigate the role of DISE in the management of pediatric OSAHS.
Topics: Humans; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Endoscopy; Child
PubMed: 37917282
DOI: 10.1007/s11325-023-02945-7 -
Gastroenterology Research Apr 2024Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders that are caused by genetic susceptibility and environmental factors and...
BACKGROUND
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders that are caused by genetic susceptibility and environmental factors and affects a significant portion of the global population. The gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is known to play a crucial role in immune modulation and maintaining gut microbiota balance. Dysbiosis in the latter has a known link to IBD. Therefore, the increasing prevalence of adenoidectomy in children should be explored for its potential association with IBD. The objective of this paper was to assess the association between adenoid tissue removal and the risk of developing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).
METHODS
We conducted a pooled meta-analysis to evaluate the extended clinical outcomes in patients who underwent appendicectomy and tonsillectomy compared to those who did not. Our approach involved systematically searching the PubMed database for relevant observational studies written in English. We followed the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines to collect data from various time periods, and to address the diversity in study results; we employed a random-effects analysis that considered heterogeneity. For outcomes, odds ratios (ORs) were pooled using a random-effects model.
RESULTS
Seven studies, out of a total of 114,537, met our inclusion criteria. Our meta-analysis revealed a significant association between appendicectomy and CD (OR: 1.57; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01 - 2.43; heterogeneity I = 93%). Similarly, we found a significant association between tonsillectomy and CD (OR: 1.93; 95% CI: 0.96 - 3.89; I = 62%). However, no significant association was observed between appendicectomy and UC (OR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.24 - 1.47; I = 96%), while a modest association was found between tonsillectomy and UC (OR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.18 - 1.30; I = 0%).
CONCLUSIONS
In summary, we found that the trend of appendicectomy is linked to higher odds of CD, and tonsillectomy is more likely associated with increased odds for both CD and UC, with a risk of bias present.
PubMed: 38716286
DOI: 10.14740/gr1672 -
Diagnostic Pathology Aug 2023Primary pulmonary hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is a low-grade salivary gland-type carcinoma. Until now, 23 cases of pulmonary HCCC have been reported.
BACKGROUND
Primary pulmonary hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is a low-grade salivary gland-type carcinoma. Until now, 23 cases of pulmonary HCCC have been reported.
CASE PRESENTATION
Here, we present a patient with primary pulmonary HCCC along with vocal-cord squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) revealed by biopsy examination. The patient underwent radiotherapy for vocal-cord SCC, followed by right upper lobectomy and lymph node dissection 10 months later. Histology revealed polygonal cells with eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm in the myxoid matrix together with hyaline degeneration. The tumor involved the whole layer of the segmental bronchus and regionally involved the alveolar tissue along with one intrapulmonary lymph node. Targeted RNA sequencing revealed Ewing Sarcoma Breakpoint Region 1 (EWSR1)- activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1) fusion. We analyzed the data on pulmonary malignant tumors between 2000 and 2019 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and reviewed all cases of pulmonary HCCC with EWSR1 fusion by searching PubMed. The results showed that head and neck (HN) adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) (47.89%) and HNSCC (22.54%) were the most common carcinomas occurring with pulmonary salivary gland-type malignant tumors. Screening of 24 cases of pulmonary HCCC with EWSR1 fusion revealed that five cases demonstrated lymph node metastases and only two had documented tumor recurrences. HCCC is rare and easily misdiagnosed as SCC, but the treatment regimen differs between pulmonary HCCC and SCC.
CONCLUSIONS
Hence, pulmonary tumors with clear cells must be diagnosed with caution. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) may be useful for diagnosis, especially in cases with a history of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
Topics: Humans; Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Salivary Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 37553667
DOI: 10.1186/s13000-023-01376-y -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... Jun 2019Sore throat resulting from pharyngotonsillitis is one of the commonest reasons for primary care consultation and inappropriate antibiotic prescription and finding...
BACKGROUND
Sore throat resulting from pharyngotonsillitis is one of the commonest reasons for primary care consultation and inappropriate antibiotic prescription and finding effective alternative treatments is important.
OBJECTIVES
To review the evidence for using the probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 (SsK12) for the prevention or treatment of pharyngotonsillitis.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane Library.
STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
PARTICIPANTS
Adults or children.
INTERVENTIONS
SsK12 as active treatment or prophylaxis, against pharyngotonsillitis.
METHODS
Literature search.
RESULTS
Four articles were identified (1846 participants). All were deemed to be of poor quality using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment. Two trials studied SsK12 prophylaxis for streptococcal pharyngitis (children without history of recurrence). One compared daily administration of SsK12 to no treatment over 6 months (n = 222, age 33-45 months), reporting significantly lower incidence in the SsK12 group (16.2% vs. 48.6%, p < 0.01), whereas another placebo-controlled RCT over four school terms (n = 1314, 5-14 years) found no significant difference (7.8% vs. 8.8%, p 0.34) with SsK12 (administered on school days). Another trial found daily SsK12 to significantly protect children (n = 250, 6-7 years) against chronic adenoiditis exacerbation over 3 months compared to no treatment (71.7% vs. 100%, p < 0.0001). The one placebo-controlled RCT in adults that studied the use of SsK12 for acute pharyngotonsillitis (concurrently with penicillin) showed no significant benefit. In all trials, SsK12 was safe and well tolerated.
CONCLUSIONS
SsK12 appears safe and well tolerated. However, further RCTs are required to establish its role as a prophylactic therapy, particularly among patients experiencing frequent exacerbations of pharyngitis. In the acute setting, SsK12 is unlikely to be effective if given concurrently with antibiotics; however, further RCTs should establish its role as an alternative to antibiotics in nonsevere cases or when prescribed after antibiotic therapy for the prevention of disease recurrence and/or secondary infection.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pharyngitis; Placebos; Probiotics; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Streptococcus salivarius; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30616011
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.12.031