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Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2022The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of endurance, strength, and combined training on inflammatory markers and adipokine concentrations in overweight... (Review)
Review
Comparison of the Effect of Endurance, Strength, and Endurance-Strength Training on Inflammatory Markers and Adipokines Levels in Overweight and Obese Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Trials.
The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of endurance, strength, and combined training on inflammatory markers and adipokine concentrations in overweight and obese adults. We performed a literature search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases and identified 24 randomised control trials published prior to June 2021. Our findings indicate that endurance training was significantly more beneficial than strength training in reducing C-reactive protein (CRP) (standard mean difference (SMD): -1.317, 95% confidence intervals (CI): -2.565, -0.070, = 0.0385), interleukin 6 (IL-6) (SMD: -0.363, 95% CI: -0.648, -0.078, = 0.0126), and visfatin (SMD: -0.618, 95% CI: -1.015, -0.222, = 0.0023) concentrations. Moreover, combined training was more beneficial than strength training alone in lowering tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels (SMD: 0.890, 95% CI: -0.301, 1.478, = 0.0030). There were no differences between the effects of different types of training programmes on adiponectin and leptin concentrations. In conclusion, compared with strength training, endurance training is more effective in lowering CRP, IL-6, and visfatin concentrations, while combined training is more beneficial in reducing TNF-α levels in overweight and obese adults. Further studies are needed to determine which type of training has a better effect on adiponectin and leptin concentrations in this population.
PubMed: 35742148
DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10061098 -
Nutrients Nov 2022The main roles of adipose tissue include triglycerides storage and adipokine secretion, which regulate energy balance and inflammation status. In obesity, adipocyte... (Review)
Review
The main roles of adipose tissue include triglycerides storage and adipokine secretion, which regulate energy balance and inflammation status. In obesity, adipocyte dysfunction leads to proinflammatory cytokine production and insulin resistance. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for obesity, the gold-standard technique being Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Since metabolic improvements after RYGB are clear, a better understanding of adipose tissue molecular modifications could be derived from this study. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to find differentially expressed genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue of lean, obese and post-RYGB (distinct timepoints). To address this objective, publications from 2015-2022 reporting gene expression (candidate genes or transcriptomic approach) of subcutaneous adipose tissue from lean and obese individuals before and after RGYB were searched in PubMed, Elsevier, and Springer Link. Excluded publications were reviews, studies analyzing serum, other types of tissues, or bariatric procedures. A risk-of-bias summary was created for each paper using Robvis, to finally include 17 studies. Differentially expressed genes in post-RYGB vs. obese and lean vs. obese were obtained and the intersection among these groups was used for analysis and gene classification by metabolic pathway. Results showed that the lean state as well as the post-RYGB is similar in terms of increased expression of insulin-sensitizing molecules, inducing lipogenesis over lipolysis and downregulating leukocyte activation, cytokine production and other factors that promote inflammation. Thus, massive weight loss and metabolic improvements after RYGB are accompanied by gene expression modifications reverting the "adipocyte dysfunction" phenomenon observed in obesity conditions.
Topics: Humans; Gastric Bypass; Subcutaneous Fat; Obesity; Inflammation; Gene Expression; Cytokines
PubMed: 36432612
DOI: 10.3390/nu14224925 -
Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic... Jun 2023Chemerin is participating in inflammation procedure and it has role in developing metabolic diseases. In the term of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the result... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Chemerin is participating in inflammation procedure and it has role in developing metabolic diseases. In the term of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the result of published studies are conflicting. So, in this study, the results of different studies investigating the relationship between chemerin level and NAFLD were summarized.
METHOD
The databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched until October 2022. The inclusion criteria were as follow: measured the mean chemerin level in adults and children with NAFLD and compared it with non-NAFLD population or reported the association between chemerin level and NAFLD. The methodological quality was assessed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool. The meta-analysis was done by STATA software. The pooled results were stated as the standardized mean difference (SMD) and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).
RESULTS
Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review, of which 13 studies remained for meta-analysis. The mean serum chemerin level was not significantly different between the groups [SMD: 0.52, 95% CI: -0.35, 1.39]. Moreover, there was no significant correlation between the chemerin level and NAFLD [OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1, 1.02]. Besides, subgroup analysis indicated a significant correlation between serum chemerin level and NAFLD in children [OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.03].
CONCLUSION
There were no significant differences in chemerin levels between the NAFLD and healthy adults; however, the association was significant in children. However, due to the lack of studies in this age group, the conclusion should be made with caution.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01187-4.
PubMed: 37255767
DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01187-4 -
Medical Sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2018It is speculated that lifestyle interventions known to improve diabetic metabolic state may exert their effects via adipokines. The aim of this systematic review and... (Review)
Review
It is speculated that lifestyle interventions known to improve diabetic metabolic state may exert their effects via adipokines. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the chronic effects of physical exercise on adiponectin and leptin levels in adult prediabetic and diabetic individuals. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, clinicaltrials.gov, and WHO Clinical Trials Registry were searched for randomized controlled trials. Pooled effects of interventions were assessed as mean difference (MD) with random effects model. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to test data robustness and subgroup analysis for study heterogeneity. Twenty-two trials with 2996 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. Physical exercise increased levels of adiponectin (MD: 0.42 µg/mL; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.23, 0.60, < 0.00001, = 19 trials) and reduced leptin levels (MD: -1.89 ng/mL; 95% CI, -2.64, -1.14, < 0.00001, = 14 trials). These results were robust and remained significant after sensitivity analysis. Study heterogeneity was generally high. As for physical exercise modalities, aerobic exercise, but not other modalities, increased adiponectin and reduced leptin levels. In conclusion, physical exercise and, specifically, aerobic exercise, leads to higher adiponectin and lower leptin levels in prediabetic and diabetic adults. However, cautious interpretation of current findings is warranted.
PubMed: 30380802
DOI: 10.3390/medsci6040097 -
Journal of Diabetes and Its... Mar 2016The adipocytokines leptin and adiponectin have been variously associated with diabetic microvascular complications. No comprehensive clinical data exist examining the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Association between circulating adipocytokine concentrations and microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled cross-sectional studies.
BACKGROUND
The adipocytokines leptin and adiponectin have been variously associated with diabetic microvascular complications. No comprehensive clinical data exist examining the association between adipocytokines and the presence of these complications.
METHODS
This is a systematic review of cross-sectional studies comparing circulating adipocytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with and without microvascular complications. Studies were retrieved from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and Cochrane databases. Study quality was evaluated using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was performed using an inverse-variance model, providing standardised mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was determined by I(2) statistic.
RESULTS
Amongst 554 identified studies, 28 were included in the review. Study quality range was 3.5-9 (maximum 11). Higher leptin levels were associated with microalbuminuria (SMD=0.41; 95% CI=0.14-0.67; n=901; p=0.0003), macroalbuminuria (SMD=0.68; 95% CI=0.30-1.06; n=406; p=0.0004), and neuropathy (SMD=0.26; 95% CI=0.07-0.44; n=609; p=0.008). Higher adiponectin levels were associated with microalbuminuria (SMD=0.55; 95% CI=0.29-0.81, n=274; p<0.001), macroalbuminuria (SMD=1.37; 95% CI=0.78-1.97, n=246; p<0.00001), neuropathy (SMD=0.25; 95% CI=0.14-0.36; n=1516; p<0.00001), and retinopathy (SMD=0.38; 95% CI=0.25-0.51; n=1306; p<0.00001). Meta-regression suggested no influence of body mass index and duration of diabetes on effect size, and a weak trend in terms of age on effect size.
DISCUSSION
Our meta-analysis suggests leptin and adiponectin levels are higher in T2DM patients with microvascular complications. Studies were limited by cross-sectional design. Large prospective analyses are required to validate these findings.
Topics: Adipokines; Adiponectin; Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Angiopathies; Female; Humans; Leptin; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 26684169
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.11.004 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is closely associated with omentin, a novel adipokine that plays a vital role in metabolic balance. The literature about... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is closely associated with omentin, a novel adipokine that plays a vital role in metabolic balance. The literature about the relationship between circulating omentin and MAFLD is conflicting. Therefore, this meta-analysis evaluated circulating omentin levels in patients with MAFLD compared with healthy controls to explore the role of omentin in MAFLD.
METHODS
The literature search was performed up to April 8, 2022, using PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang, CBM, Clinical Trials Database and Grey Literature Database. This meta-analysis pooled the statistics in Stata and presented the overall results using the standardized mean difference () and 95% confidence interval ().
RESULTS
Twelve studies with 1624 individuals (927 cases and 697 controls) were included, and all of them were case-control studies. In addition, ten of twelve included studies were conducted on Asian participants. Patients with MAFLD had significantly lower circulating omentin levels than healthy controls (=-0.950 [-1.724, -0.177], =0.016). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression demonstrated that fasting blood glucose (FBG) might be the source of heterogeneity and was inversely associated with omentin levels (coefficient=-0.538, =0.009). No significant publication bias existed (>0.05), and outcomes were robust in the sensitivity analysis.
CONCLUSION
Lower circulating omentin levels were associated with MAFLD, and FBG might be the source of heterogeneity. Since Asian studies accounted for a significant portion of the meta-analysis, the conclusion might be more applicable to the Asian population. By investigating the relationship between omentin and MAFLD, this meta-analysis laid the foundation for the development of diagnostic biomarkers and treatment targets.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022316369.
Topics: Humans; Homeostasis; Adipokines; Case-Control Studies; Databases, Factual; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
PubMed: 37139340
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1073498 -
Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic... Dec 2020To systematically review the current literature investigating associations between zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein (ZAG) and dysglycaemia (including type 2 diabetes (T2DM),... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
To systematically review the current literature investigating associations between zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein (ZAG) and dysglycaemia (including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), poly-cystic-ovary syndrome (PCOS), pre-diabetes or insulin resistance). This included relationships between ZAG and continuous measures of insulin and glucose. Additionally, we performed a meta-analysis to estimate the extent that ZAG differs between individuals with or without dysglycaemia; whilst examining the potential influence of adiposity. A systematic search was performed on four databases for studies on circulating ZAG concentrations in adult human populations, comparing healthy controls to individuals with dysglycaemia. Key characteristics, including the mean ZAG concentrations (mg∙L), and any correlational statistics between ZAG and continuous measures of glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) or insulin were extracted. Meta-analyses were performed to compare metabolically healthy controls to cases, and on studies that compared controls and cases considered overweight or obese (body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kgm). 1575 papers were identified and 14 studies (16 cohorts) were considered eligible for inclusion. Circulating ZAG was lower in individuals with dysglycaemia compared to metabolically healthy controls (-4.14 [-8.17, -0.11] mgL; I = 98.5%; p < 0.001). When using data from only studies with overweight or obese groups with or without dysglycaemia (three studies (four cohorts); pooled n = 332), the difference in circulating ZAG was no longer significant (-0.30 [-3.67, 3.07] mg L; I = 28.0%; p = 0.225). These data suggest that ZAG may be implicated in dysglycaemia, although there was significant heterogeneity across different studies and the mediating effect of adiposity cannot be excluded. Therefore, more research is needed before robust conclusions can be drawn.
Topics: Adipokines; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Overweight; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Prediabetic State
PubMed: 32377863
DOI: 10.1007/s11154-020-09553-w -
Frontiers in Immunology 2023Many studies have investigated the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. However, the results of these... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on inflammatory cytokines and adipokines in adults: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Many studies have investigated the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. However, the results of these studies are not consistent. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis were designed to comprehensively evaluate the effect of CLA supplementation on inflammatory cytokines and adipokines.
METHODS
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effects of CLA supplementation on C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), adiponectin, and leptin, published up to March 2022, were identified through PubMed, SCOPUS, and ISI Web of Science databases. A random-effects model was used to calculate weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for 42 studies that included 1,109 participants.
RESULTS
Findings from 42 studies with 58 arms indicated that CLA supplementation significantly decreased IL-6 and TNF-α levels and also slightly increased CRP levels. However, adiponectin and leptin levels did not change after CLA supplementation. A subgroup analysis found that CLA supplementation reduced adiponectin and leptin in women.
CONCLUSION
Our results demonstrated that CLA supplementation increased CRP levels and decreased TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Therefore, it seems that CLA can have both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory roles.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier (CRD42022331110).
Topics: Female; Humans; Adult; Cytokines; Adipokines; Leptin; Interleukin-6; Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Adiponectin; Dietary Supplements
PubMed: 36911696
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1092077 -
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Nov 2021Previous studies have reported an elevation in adiponectin concentrations using glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) therapy; however, this possible... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIMS
Previous studies have reported an elevation in adiponectin concentrations using glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) therapy; however, this possible pleiotropic effect is still uncertain. Thus, the objective of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was to assess the impact of GLP-1 RA on adiponectin levels.
METHODS
This systematic review and meta-analysis included randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of GLP-1 RA on circulating adiponectin concentrations. Studies from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were included. A random-effects model and a sensitivity analysis using the leave 1-out method were conducted.
RESULTS
A meta-analysis of 20 randomized controlled trials involving 1497 individuals demonstrated a significant increase in adiponectin levels after GLP-1 RA administration (weighted mean difference [WMD]: 0.59 μg/mL, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10, 1.08, P = .02). Particularly, liraglutide had a significant effect on adiponectin (WMD: 0.55 μg/mL, 95% CI: 0.04, 1.06, P = .04), while exenatide did not affect these concentrations (WMD: 0.60 μg/mL, 95% CI: -0.23, 1.42, P = .16).
CONCLUSION
GLP-1 RA treatment is associated with an increase in adiponectin levels.
Topics: Adiponectin; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Liraglutide; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 33835520
DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14855 -
Obesity Reviews : An Official Journal... Sep 2015Recent epidemiological and ecological trends in humans indicate a possible causal relationship between sleep duration and energy balance. We aimed to find experimental... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Recent epidemiological and ecological trends in humans indicate a possible causal relationship between sleep duration and energy balance. We aimed to find experimental evidence that has tested this relationship between sleep duration and measures of body composition, food intake or biomarkers related to food intake. We conducted a systematic literature review using six databases throughout 7 August 2014. We sought reports of randomized controlled trials where sleep duration was manipulated and measured outcomes were body weight or other body composition metrics, food intake, and/or biomarkers related to eating. We found 18 unique studies meeting all criteria: eight studies with an outcome of body weight (4 - increased sleep, 4 - reduced sleep); four studies on food intake; four studies of sleep restriction on total energy expenditure and three of respiratory quotient; and four studies on leptin and/or ghrelin. Few controlled experimental studies have addressed the question of the effect of sleep on body weight/composition and eating. The available experimental literature suggests that sleep restriction increases food intake and total energy expenditure with inconsistent effects on integrated energy balance as operationalized by weight change. Future controlled trials that examine the impact of increased sleep on body weight/energy balance factors are warranted.
Topics: Adiposity; Body Composition; Body Weight; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Female; Humans; Leptin; Male; Obesity; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Weight Gain
PubMed: 26098388
DOI: 10.1111/obr.12296