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Pediatrics Aug 2017Parents often manage complex instructions when their children are discharged from the inpatient setting or emergency department (ED); misunderstanding instructions can... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Parents often manage complex instructions when their children are discharged from the inpatient setting or emergency department (ED); misunderstanding instructions can put children at risk for adverse outcomes. Parents' ability to manage discharge instructions has not been examined before in a systematic review.
OBJECTIVE
To perform a systematic review of the literature related to parental management (knowledge and execution) of inpatient and ED discharge instructions.
DATA SOURCES
We consulted PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Cochrane CENTRAL (from database inception to January 1, 2017).
STUDY SELECTION
We selected experimental or observational studies in the inpatient or ED settings in which parental knowledge or execution of discharge instructions were evaluated.
DATA EXTRACTION
Two authors independently screened potential studies for inclusion and extracted data from eligible articles by using a structured form.
RESULTS
Sixty-four studies met inclusion criteria; most ( = 48) were ED studies. Medication dosing and adherence errors were common; knowledge of medication side effects was understudied ( = 1). Parents frequently missed follow-up appointments and misunderstood return precaution instructions. Few researchers conducted studies that assessed management of instructions related to diagnosis ( = 3), restrictions ( = 2), or equipment ( = 1). Complex discharge plans (eg, multiple medicines or appointments), limited English proficiency, and public or no insurance were associated with errors. Few researchers conducted studies that evaluated the role of parent health literacy (ED, = 5; inpatient, = 0).
LIMITATIONS
The studies were primarily observational in nature.
CONCLUSIONS
Parents frequently make errors related to knowledge and execution of inpatient and ED discharge instructions. Researchers in the future should assess parental management of instructions for domains that are less well studied and focus on the design of interventions to improve discharge plan management.
Topics: Child; Child, Hospitalized; Emergency Service, Hospital; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health Literacy; Humans; Parents; Patient Discharge
PubMed: 28739657
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-4165 -
Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Sep 2015To identify pharmacoepidemiological multi-database studies and to describe data management and data analysis techniques used for combining data. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To identify pharmacoepidemiological multi-database studies and to describe data management and data analysis techniques used for combining data.
METHODS
Systematic literature searches were conducted in PubMed and Embase complemented by a manual literature search. We included pharmacoepidemiological multi-database studies published from 2007 onwards that combined data for a pre-planned common analysis or quantitative synthesis. Information was retrieved about study characteristics, methods used for individual-level analyses and meta-analyses, data management and motivations for performing the study.
RESULTS
We found 3083 articles by the systematic searches and an additional 176 by the manual search. After full-text screening of 75 articles, 22 were selected for final inclusion. The number of databases used per study ranged from 2 to 17 (median = 4.0). Most studies used a cohort design (82%) instead of a case-control design (18%). Logistic regression was most often used for individual-level analyses (41%), followed by Cox regression (23%) and Poisson regression (14%). As meta-analysis method, a majority of the studies combined individual patient data (73%). Six studies performed an aggregate meta-analysis (27%), while a semi-aggregate approach was applied in three studies (14%). Information on central programming or heterogeneity assessment was missing in approximately half of the publications. Most studies were motivated by improving power (86%).
CONCLUSIONS
Pharmacoepidemiological multi-database studies are a well-powered strategy to address safety issues and have increased in popularity. To be able to correctly interpret the results of these studies, it is important to systematically report on database management and analysis techniques, including central programming and heterogeneity testing.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Databases, Factual; Humans; Pharmacoepidemiology; Statistics as Topic
PubMed: 26175179
DOI: 10.1002/pds.3828 -
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical... 2021Poisoning, as a well-known medical condition, puts everyone at risk. As a data management tool, a registry plays an important role in monitoring the poisoned patients.... (Review)
Review
Poisoning, as a well-known medical condition, puts everyone at risk. As a data management tool, a registry plays an important role in monitoring the poisoned patients. Having a poisoning minimum data set is a major requirement for creating a poisoning registry. Therefore, the present systematic review was conducted in 2019 to identify the minimum data set for a poisoning registry. Searches were performed in four scientific databases, ., PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. The keywords used in the searches included minimum data set, "poison", and "registry". Two researchers independently evaluated the titles, abstracts, and texts of the papers. The data were collected from the related papers. Ultimately, the minimum data set was identified for the poisoning registry. Data elements extracted from the sources were classified into two general categories: administrative data and clinical data. Ninety-eight data elements in the administrative data category were subdivided into three sections: general data, admission data, and discharge data. One-hundred and thirty-one data elements in the clinical data category were subdivided into five sections: clinical observation data, clinical assessment data, past medical history data, diagnosis data, and treatment plan data. The minimum data set is a prerequisite for creating and using a poisoning registry and data system. It is suggested to evaluate and use the poisoning minimum data set in accordance with the national laws, needs, and standards based on the opinion of the local experts.
PubMed: 34567176
DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.113869.14538 -
BMC Public Health May 2023Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Globally, both men and women have a 50% risk of being infected at least once in...
BACKGROUND
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Globally, both men and women have a 50% risk of being infected at least once in their life. HPV prevalence is among the highest in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), at an average of 24%. HPV causes different types of cancers, including cervical cancer (CC), which is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women in SSA. HPV-vaccination has been proven to be effective in reducing HPV induced cancers. SSA countries are delayed in reaching the WHO's target of fully vaccinating 90% of girls within the age of 15 by 2030. Our systematic review aims to identify barriers and facilitators of HPV-vaccination in SSA to inform national implementation strategies in the region.
METHODS
This is a mixed method systematic review based on the PRISMA statement and The Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers' Manual. Search strategies were adapted to each selected database: PubMed/MEDLINE, Livivo, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and African Journals Online for papers published in English, Italian, German, French and Spanish between 1 December 2011 and 31 December 2021. Zotero and Rayyan were the software used for data management. The appraisal was conducted by three independent reviewers.
RESULTS
A total of 20 articles were selected for appraisal from an initial 536 articles. Barriers included: limited health system capacities, socio-economic status, stigma, fear and costs of vaccines, negative experience with vaccinations, COVID-19 pandemic, lack of correct information, health education (HE) and consent. Additionally, we found that boys are scarcely considered for HPV-vaccination by parents and stakeholders. Facilitators included: information and knowledge, policy implementation, positive experience with vaccinations, HE, stakeholders' engagement, women's empowerment, community engagement, seasonality, and target-oriented vaccination campaigns.
CONCLUSIONS
This review synthesizes barriers and facilitators of HPV-vaccinations in SSA. Addressing these can contribute to the implementation of more effective HPV immunization programs targeted at eliminating CC in line with the WHO 90/70/90 strategy.
REGISTRATION AND FUNDING
Protocol ID: CRD42022338609 registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Partial funds: German Centre for Infection research (DZIF) project NAMASTE: 8,008,803,819.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Papillomavirus Infections; Pandemics; COVID-19; Africa South of the Sahara; Vaccination; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Papillomavirus Vaccines
PubMed: 37237329
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15842-1 -
Journal of Diabetes Science and... Sep 2017Since the introduction of mobile phones, technology has been increasingly used to enable diabetes self-management education and support. This timely systematic review... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Since the introduction of mobile phones, technology has been increasingly used to enable diabetes self-management education and support. This timely systematic review summarizes how currently available technology impacts outcomes for people living with diabetes.
METHODS
A systematic review of high quality review articles and meta analyses focused on utilizing technology in diabetes self-management education and support services was conducted. Articles were included if published between January 2013 and January 2017.
RESULTS
Twenty-five studies were included for analysis. The majority evaluated the use of mobile phones and secure messaging. Most studies described healthy eating, being active and metabolic monitoring as the predominant self-care behaviors evaluated. Eighteen of 25 reviews reported significant reduction in A1c as an outcome measure. Four key elements emerged as essential for improved A1c: (1) communication, (2) patient-generated health data, (3) education, and (4) feedback.
CONCLUSION
Technology-enabled diabetes self-management solutions significantly improve A1c. The most effective interventions incorporated all the components of a technology-enabled self-management feedback loop that connected people with diabetes and their health care team using 2-way communication, analyzed patient-generated health data, tailored education, and individualized feedback. The evidence from this systematic review indicates that organizations, policy makers and payers should consider integrating these solutions in the design of diabetes self-management education and support services for population health and value-based care models. With the widespread adoption of mobile phones, digital health solutions that incorporate evidence-based, behaviorally designed interventions can improve the reach and access to diabetes self-management education and ongoing support.
Topics: Cell Phone; Diabetes Mellitus; Glycated Hemoglobin; Humans; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Patient Education as Topic; Review Literature as Topic; Self-Management; Telemedicine; Text Messaging
PubMed: 28560898
DOI: 10.1177/1932296817713506 -
PloS One 2015There is considerable policy interest in promoting self-management in patients with long-term conditions, but it remains uncertain whether these interventions are... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
There is considerable policy interest in promoting self-management in patients with long-term conditions, but it remains uncertain whether these interventions are effective in stroke patients.
DESIGN
Systematic meta-review of the evidence for self-management support interventions with stroke survivors to inform provision of healthcare services.
METHODS
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, AMED, BNI, Database of Abstracts of Reviews for Effectiveness, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for systematic reviews of self-management support interventions for stroke survivors. Quality was assessed using the R-AMSTAR tool, and data extracted using a customised data extraction form. We undertook a narrative synthesis of the reviews' findings.
RESULTS
From 12,400 titles we selected 13 systematic reviews (published 2003-2012) representing 101 individual trials. Although the term 'self-management' was rarely used, key elements of self-management support such as goal setting, action planning, and problem solving were core components of therapy rehabilitation interventions. We found high quality evidence that supported self-management in the context of therapy rehabilitation delivered soon after the stroke event resulted in short-term (< 1 year) improvements in basic and extended activities of daily living, and a reduction in poor outcomes (dependence/death). There is some evidence that rehabilitation and problem solving interventions facilitated reintegration into the community.
CONCLUSIONS
Self-management terminology is rarely used in the context of stroke. However, therapy rehabilitation currently successfully delivers elements of self-management support to stroke survivors and their caregivers with improved outcomes. Future research should focus on managing the emotional, medical and social tasks of long-term survivorship.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Caregivers; Humans; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Self Care; Stroke Rehabilitation; Surveys and Questionnaires; Survivors
PubMed: 26204266
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131448 -
PloS One 2023To identify and systematically review current scholarship on talent management of international nurses in healthcare organizations. (Review)
Review
AIM
To identify and systematically review current scholarship on talent management of international nurses in healthcare organizations.
BACKGROUND
As nurse shortages persistently pose challenges for healthcare organizations globally, one of the primary strategies employed to address these shortages is employment of international nurses. To date little has been done to systematically review and collate contemporary research on talent management of this strategically important cohort. Talent management is a holistic construct that can support healthcare organizations to attract, develop, motivate, and retain talented employees to drive organizational performance. This systematic review isolates, appraises and collates available evidence on talent management practices for international nurses.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic literature review.
DATA SOURCES
Searches of PubMed, EBSCO and Scopus were made covering literature from 2012-2022.
REVIEW METHODS
This study followed Cochrane protocol for Systematic Reviews and key search terms were developed in consultation with University of Limerick library. As a key aim of the review was to provide evidence for the development of effective talent management practices, only peer-reviewed academic papers and empirical studies were included. Initial articles screening was conducted by two reviewers and full articles review was conducted by the entire research team. Findings were combined in a data extraction template for further analysis.
RESULTS
This review includes 62 articles thematically analysed under the headings recruitment and selection, retention and turnover, career progression, professional development, discrimination and racism, culture and communication.
CONCLUSION
No articles were found that directly address talent management for international nurses. Although there are studies that address aspects of talent management independently, more research is required on talent management as a holistic process for international nurses to inform evidence-based practice.
IMPACT
This research emphasizes the importance of talent management for retention of international nurses in healthcare settings. It provides a knowledge base for healthcare organisations to enhance employee retention and ensure quality care for patients, as well as setting the foundation for future studies in this area.
Topics: Humans; Delivery of Health Care; Health Facilities; Nurses; Nurses, International; Quality of Health Care; Systematic Reviews as Topic
PubMed: 37930991
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293828 -
Journal of Vascular Surgery Jul 2020Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening disease, and the only curative treatment relies on open or endovascular repair. The decision to treat relies on the...
OBJECTIVE
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening disease, and the only curative treatment relies on open or endovascular repair. The decision to treat relies on the evaluation of the risk of AAA growth and rupture, which can be difficult to assess in practice. Artificial intelligence (AI) has revealed new insights into the management of cardiovascular diseases, but its application in AAA has so far been poorly described. The aim of this review was to summarize the current knowledge on the potential applications of AI in patients with AAA.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature review was performed. The MEDLINE database was searched according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The search strategy used a combination of keywords and included studies using AI in patients with AAA published between May 2019 and January 2000. Two authors independently screened titles and abstracts and performed data extraction. The search of published literature identified 34 studies with distinct methodologies, aims, and study designs.
RESULTS
AI was used in patients with AAA to improve image segmentation and for quantitative analysis and characterization of AAA morphology, geometry, and fluid dynamics. AI allowed computation of large data sets to identify patterns that may be predictive of AAA growth and rupture. Several predictive and prognostic programs were also developed to assess patients' postoperative outcomes, including mortality and complications after endovascular aneurysm repair.
CONCLUSIONS
AI represents a useful tool in the interpretation and analysis of AAA imaging by enabling automatic quantitative measurements and morphologic characterization. It could be used to help surgeons in preoperative planning. AI-driven data management may lead to the development of computational programs for the prediction of AAA evolution and risk of rupture as well as postoperative outcomes. AI could also be used to better evaluate the indications and types of surgical treatment and to plan the postoperative follow-up. AI represents an attractive tool for decision-making and may facilitate development of personalized therapeutic approaches for patients with AAA.
Topics: Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Artificial Intelligence; Clinical Decision-Making; Decision Support Systems, Clinical; Decision Support Techniques; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; Humans; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Patient Selection; Predictive Value of Tests; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32093909
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.12.026 -
Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence 2021Well-curated datasets are essential to evidence based decision making and to the integration of artificial intelligence with human reasoning across disciplines. However,...
Well-curated datasets are essential to evidence based decision making and to the integration of artificial intelligence with human reasoning across disciplines. However, many sources of data remain siloed, unstructured, and/or unavailable for complementary and secondary research. Sysrev was developed to address these issues. First, Sysrev was built to aid in systematic evidence reviews (SER), where digital documents are evaluated according to a well defined process, and where Sysrev provides an easy to access, publicly available and free platform for collaborating in SER projects. Secondly, Sysrev addresses the issue of unstructured, siloed, and inaccessible data in the context of generalized data extraction, where human and machine learning algorithms are combined to extract insights and evidence for better decision making across disciplines. Sysrev uses FAIR - Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reuse of digital assets - as primary principles in design. Sysrev was developed primarily because of an observed need to reduce redundancy, reduce inefficient use of human time and increase the impact of evidence based decision making. This publication is an introduction to Sysrev as a novel technology, with an overview of the features, motivations and use cases of the tool. Sysrev. com is a FAIR motivated web platform for data curation and SER. Sysrev allows users to create data curation projects called "sysrevs" wherein users upload documents, define review tasks, recruit reviewers, perform review tasks, and automate review tasks. Sysrev is a web application designed to facilitate data curation and SERs. Thousands of publicly accessible Sysrev projects have been created, accommodating research in a wide variety of disciplines. Described use cases include data curation, managed reviews, and SERs.
PubMed: 34423285
DOI: 10.3389/frai.2021.685298