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Mindfulness 2018Interest in the influence of dispositional mindfulness (DM) on psychological health has been gathering pace over recent years. Despite this, a systematic review of this... (Review)
Review
Interest in the influence of dispositional mindfulness (DM) on psychological health has been gathering pace over recent years. Despite this, a systematic review of this topic has not been conducted. A systematic review can benefit the field by identifying the terminology and measures used by researchers and by highlighting methodological weaknesses and empirical gaps. We systematically reviewed non-interventional, quantitative papers on DM and psychological health in non-clinical samples published in English up to June 2016, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A literature search was conducted using PsycINFO, PubMED, Medline and Embase, and 93 papers met the inclusion criteria. Within these, three main themes emerged, depicting the relationship between DM and psychological health: (1) DM appears to be inversely related to psychopathological symptoms such as depressive symptoms, (2) DM is positively linked to adaptive cognitive processes such as less rumination and pain catastrophizing and (3) DM appears to be associated with better emotional processing and regulation. These themes informed the creation of a taxonomy. We conclude that research has consistently shown a positive relationship between DM and psychological health. Suggestions for future research and conceptual and methodological limitations within the field are discussed.
PubMed: 29387263
DOI: 10.1007/s12671-017-0762-6 -
Mindfulness 2017This systematic review aims to assess the effect of mindfulness-based interventions carried out during pregnancy exploring mindfulness and mental health outcomes. A... (Review)
Review
This systematic review aims to assess the effect of mindfulness-based interventions carried out during pregnancy exploring mindfulness and mental health outcomes. A systematic review was conducted to appraise the current literature on the subject area. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were agreed and after reviewing titles, abstracts and full papers, 14 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The quality of included articles was checked using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Pooled results of the randomised controlled trials (RCTs) reporting outcomes on anxiety, depression and perceived stress indicated no differences between the mindfulness intervention group and the control group. Pooled results of the non-RCTs reporting anxiety, depression and perceived stress showed a significant benefit for the mindfulness group. Mindfulness as an outcome was assessed in four RCTs for which the pooled results show a significant difference in favour of the mindfulness intervention when compared to a control group. The pooled results of the four non-RCTs also indicate a significant difference following mindfulness intervention. Results suggest that mindfulness-based interventions can be beneficial for outcomes such as anxiety, depression, perceived stress and levels of mindfulness during the perinatal period. Further research would be useful to explore if such benefits are sustained during the post-natal period.
PubMed: 29201244
DOI: 10.1007/s12671-017-0726-x -
Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Feb 2023Mindfulness has generated considerable interest in the last two decades in clinical and research settings. The efficacy of mindfulness has been evaluated for the sexual...
INTRODUCTION
Mindfulness has generated considerable interest in the last two decades in clinical and research settings. The efficacy of mindfulness has been evaluated for the sexual dysfunctions recognized by the DSM-5 and other sexual problems, such as compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD), also known as sex addiction or hypersexuality. Here, we review the evidence for various mindfulness-based treatments as mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral treatment or mindfulness-based relapse prevention for different problems related to sexuality to respond our question: "Are Mindfulness-Based Treatments (MBT) effective in reducing the symptomatology of sexuality-related disorders?".
METHODS
Through a systematic search conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, we found 11 studies that met the inclusion criteria: (I) articles using MBT for sexuality-related problems, (II) clinical population, (III) no date range limits were applied, (IV) only empirical studies were included, (V) language and (VI) quality of studies.
RESULTS
Evidence shows that mindfulness practice could be effective for some sexual disorders, such as female sexual arousal/desire disorder. However, due to scarcity of studies on other sexual problems such as situational erectile dysfunction, genitopelvic pain/penetration disorder, childhood sexual abuse or compulsive sexual behavior disorder, the findings cannot be generalized.
CONCLUSIONS
Mindfulness-based therapies provides evidence to reduce the symptomatology associated with various sexual problems. However more studies are needed for these sexual problems. By last, future directions and implications are discussed.
PubMed: 36803998
DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0459 -
Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy May 2022Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have been growing progressively as treatment options in the field of mental health. Aim: To assess the impact of mindfulness-based... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have been growing progressively as treatment options in the field of mental health. Aim: To assess the impact of mindfulness-based interventions for reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
METHODS
A systematic review was performed in December 2020 using PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, SciELO, Pepsic, and LILACS databases with no year restrictions. The search strategy included the terms ('mindfulness' OR 'mindfulness-based') AND ('suicide' OR 'suicidal' OR 'suicide risk' OR 'suicide attempt' OR 'suicide ideation' OR 'suicide behavior'). The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), CRD42020219514.
RESULTS
A total of 14 studies met all inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Most of the studies presented Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy as the MBI assessed (n=10). An emerging and rapidly growing literature on MBI presents promising results in reduction of suicide risk, particularly in patients with MDD. Four studies assessing other MBI treatment protocols (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction; Daily Mindfulness Meditation Practice; Mind Body Awareness and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy) all demonstrated that MBI reduces factors associated with suicide risk.
CONCLUSION
MBI might target specific processes and contribute to suicide risk reduction.
Topics: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Humans; Mindfulness; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 34551465
DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0316 -
Cureus Jun 2023The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the effect of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on post-surgical pain in patients undergoing a... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the effect of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on post-surgical pain in patients undergoing a total hip replacement (THR) or total knee replacement (TKR).
METHODS
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A search of multiple databases, including PubMed and EMBASE, was performed for studies from database inception through March 2nd, 2022. Data were extracted, and pooled estimates of standardized mean differences in pain scores were calculated using a random effects model and inverse probability weighting.
RESULTS
Two randomized control trials were eligible for inclusion (299 patients). The average ages of participants in each study were similar at 65.5 and 64.8 years, and both studies were predominantly female at 72.4% and 61.9%. The mindfulness intervention ranged from an eight-week program to a 20-minute session. Both individual studies reported statistically significant reductions in postoperative pain for MBI groups. The pooled standardized mean difference in pain scores for the MBI groups compared to the control groups was -1.94 (-3.39; -0.48).
CONCLUSIONS
There exists preliminary evidence for the beneficial effect of MBIs on reducing the postoperative pain experience in this patient population. Given the significant consequences of postoperative pain and the necessity for non-opioid forms of analgesia, this topic represents a promising area of research that warrants future randomized control trials to better understand the role of MBIs for postoperative analgesia.
PubMed: 37425587
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40102 -
Pain Management Nursing : Official... Jun 2022To identify and synthesize the scientific literature on virtual reality (VR)-based mindfulness applications for the management of chronic pain in adults. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To identify and synthesize the scientific literature on virtual reality (VR)-based mindfulness applications for the management of chronic pain in adults.
DESIGN
A scoping review methodology was followed and conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guideline.
DATA SOURCES
Combinations of key words related to "virtual reality", "mindfulness", and "chronic pain" were searched for in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane library databases. Title, abstracts, and full-text articles were screened against inclusion criteria.
REVIEW/ANALYSIS METHODS
Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis approach was used.
RESULTS
Seven studies were included in the review and their findings synthesized into three overarching themes: (1) physical and mental health benefits; (2) treatment engagement and satisfaction; and (3) intervention usability. The last theme had four subthemes which were cybersickness, physical limitations, technical support, and personalized design.
CONCLUSIONS
While studies suggested VR could improve chronic pain management by enhancing the practice of mindfulness, weak study designs and small sample sizes limited the utility of the review results. Future research should rigorously co-design and test VR-based mindfulness applications with people with chronic pain to assess if they improve health and other outcomes.
Topics: Adult; Chronic Pain; Humans; Mindfulness; Virtual Reality
PubMed: 35491349
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2022.03.013 -
Journal of Psychosomatic Research Oct 2021Inadequate medication adherence is a significant limitation for achieving optimal health outcomes across chronic health conditions. Mindfulness-based interventions... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Inadequate medication adherence is a significant limitation for achieving optimal health outcomes across chronic health conditions. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been increasingly applied to promote medical regimen adherence as MBIs have been shown to improve patient-level barriers to adherence (i.e., depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, stress). The purpose of this review is to investigate the state of research regarding MBIs targeting medication adherence in chronic illnesses and to identify evidence gaps to inform future studies.
METHODS
The search reviewed 5 databases (e.g., PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, Proquest Thesis/Dissertations) to identify trials that quantitatively evaluated the effect of MBIs on medication adherence. Study abstracts and full texts were screened identifying eligible studies, and findings were summarized using a narrative synthesis.
RESULTS
A total of 497 studies were reviewed; 41 were eligible for full text review and 9 were included in narrative synthesis: seven were RCTs and two were pre-post designs. Study quality varied, with five rated moderate or high risk for bias. Clinical populations tested included living with HIV (k = 3), cardiovascular disease (k = 3), psychological disorders (k = 2), and men who underwent a radical prostatectomy (k = 1). Four studies found significant improvements in medication adherence, however only two of these studies had low risk of bias.
CONCLUSIONS
Research on MBI's for medication adherence is developing, but the effectiveness of MBIs remains unclear due to the nascent stage of evidence and methodological limitations of existing studies. Researchers should prioritize rigorous experimental designs, theory-driven investigations of behavioral mechanisms, and the use of objective measurements of adherence.
Topics: Bias; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chronic Disease; Humans; Male; Medication Adherence; Mindfulness
PubMed: 34332271
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110585 -
Hong Kong Journal of Occupational... Jun 2022Literature shows that there is a circular relationship between children's ADHD-related behaviors and parenting stress. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE
Literature shows that there is a circular relationship between children's ADHD-related behaviors and parenting stress. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to understand if mindfulness parent trainings have benefits for both parenting stress and the problem behaviors in children with ADHD.
METHODS
Five databases, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMED, and Web of Science, were searched. Within-group effects at post-treatment and follow-up assessment, and between-group effects at post-treatment were analyzed. Effect sizes (Hedges' g) were also calculated.
RESULTS
Ten studies (5 RCTs and 5 non-RCTs) met the selection criteria and were selected for systematic review, and nine of them were included for meta-analysis. Among these 10 studies, five studies involved mindfulness training for both parents and children, while the other five studies involved mindfulness training for parents only. Within-group effects at post-treatment were small-to-large for all outcomes. Hedges' g ranged between -0.17 [95% CI (-0.98, 0.64)] and 4.70 [95% CI (3.59, 5.81)] for parenting stress; 0.17 [95% CI (-0.03, 0.37)] and 4.03 [95% CI (2.97, 5.09)] for children's problem behaviors; and 0.20 [95% CI (-0.10, 0.50)] and 2.98 [95% CI (2.16, 3.80)] for children's ADHD symptoms. Between-group comparisons showed mindfulness parent training was superior to other active controls on all outcomes.
CONCLUSION
Findings suggest that mindfulness parent training may be beneficial for parenting stress and children's ADHD-related behaviors, and due to the small number of studies reviewed, cautions should be taken when interpreting the results.
PubMed: 35847187
DOI: 10.1177/15691861211073826 -
Mindfulness May 2023Positive effects of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on occupational health have been demonstrated by several systematic review studies during the last two... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Positive effects of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on occupational health have been demonstrated by several systematic review studies during the last two decades. So far, existing reviews excluded mindfulness-informed interventions (MIIs) that build on informal approaches or mixed techniques aiming at improving mindfulness indirectly. To address this research gap, the present comprehensive meta-analysis synthesizes the results of RCTs of MBIs and MIIs conducted in various workplace settings.
METHOD
A systematic literature search was conducted in five electronic databases complemented by manual search. Random-effects models were used to synthesize standardized mean differences () for 25 outcomes and seven overarching categories of outcomes, and to detect various temporal effects. Meta-regressions were run to elucidate average between mindfulness intervention types and intervention and population characteristics, with the goal of detecting sources of heterogeneity and help guide the selection of the most appropriate mindfulness intervention type.
RESULTS
Based on 91 eligible studies (from 92 publications), including 4927 participants and 4448 controls, the synthesis shows that MBIs and MIIs significantly improve mindfulness ( = 0.43; 95%- [0.33;0.52]), well-being ( = 0.63; 95%- [0.34;0.93]), mental health ( = 0.67; 95%- [0.48;0.86]), stress ( = 0.72; 95%- [0.54;0.90]), resilience ( = 1.06; 95%- [-0.22;2.34]), physical health ( = 0.45; 95%- [0.32;0.59]), and work-related factors ( = 0.62; 95%- [0.14;1.10]). Sensitivity analyses demonstrate a tendency towards smaller effect sizes due to extreme outliers. Effect sizes are stable in short-term follow-up assessments (1-12 weeks) for most outcomes, but not for long-term follow-up assessments (13-52 weeks). Meta-regressions suggest that observable intervention characteristics (e.g., online delivery) and population characteristics (e.g., age of participants), as well as study quality, do not explain the prevalence of heterogeneity in effect sizes.
CONCLUSIONS
Generally effective, mindfulness interventions are a useful tool to enhance aspects of employee health. However, because of heterogeneity and risk of bias, studies aiming at high-quality data collection and thorough reporting are necessary to draw firm conclusions.
PREREGISTRATION
A protocol of this systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (Registration-No. CRD42020159927).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12671-023-02130-7.
PubMed: 37362186
DOI: 10.1007/s12671-023-02130-7 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Nov 2022Mind-body interventions have shown efficacy in many conditions that have psychosomatic mechanisms, as well as for other pathologies. The aim of this study was to assess... (Review)
Review
Mind-body interventions have shown efficacy in many conditions that have psychosomatic mechanisms, as well as for other pathologies. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of meditation/mindfulness at improving the symptoms severity, quality of life and other associated mood and mental conditions, measured in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). A systematic review of randomized controlled trials in adult participants with IBS was conducted. Eight databases were searched for articles. We performed a meta-analysis evaluating the effects of meditation-based therapy on symptomatology, quality of life, anxiety and depression. Out of 604 articles screened, six were selected for quantitative review. The standardized mean difference (SMD) of the mindfulness group and the control group was of -36.95 (95% CI -74.61-0.7), = 0.054 regarding the IBS symptom score; of 12.58 (95% CI 4.42-20.74), = 0.003 regarding the IBS quality of life; SMD = 2.8 (95% CI 1.01-4.6), = 0.002 for spiritual scale; and of 15.49 (95% CI -28.43--2.55), = 0.019 regarding the pain score in IBS. Our study found that the quality of life and the spiritual scale scores (i.e., mindful awareness) were statistically significantly higher in the mindfulness group, while the pain score was statistically significantly lower in the mindfulness group.
PubMed: 36362745
DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216516