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International Journal of Molecular... May 2021Preclinical studies have shown that postconditioning with hydrogen sulfide (HS) exerts cardioprotective effects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). The... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Preclinical studies have shown that postconditioning with hydrogen sulfide (HS) exerts cardioprotective effects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). The aim of this study was to appraise the current evidence of the cardioprotective effects of HS against IRI in order to explore the future implementation of HS in clinical cardiac transplantation. The current literature on HS postconditioning in the setting of global myocardial ischemia was systematically reviewed and analyzed, performing meta-analyses. A literature search of the electronic databases Medline, Embase and Cinahl identified 1835 studies that were subjected to our pre-defined inclusion criteria. Sixteen studies were considered eligible for inclusion. Postconditioning with HS showed significant robust effects with regard to limiting infarct size (standardized mean difference (SMD) = -4.12, 95% CI [-5.53--2.71], < 0.00001). Furthermore, HS postconditioning consistently resulted in a significantly lower release of cardiac injury markers, lower levels of oxidative stress and improved cardiac function. Postconditioning with slow-releasing HS donors offers a valuable opportunity for novel therapies within cardiac preservation for transplantation. Before clinical implication, studies evaluating the long-term effects of HS treatment and effects of HS treatment in large animal studies are warranted.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Cryopreservation; Heart; Heart Function Tests; Heart Transplantation; Humans; Hydrogen Sulfide; Ischemic Postconditioning; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Organ Preservation; Organ Preservation Solutions; Oxidative Stress; Risk Factors; Tissue Donors
PubMed: 34072153
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115737 -
Basic Research in Cardiology Mar 2016Unmodified reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with irreversible myocardial injury beyond that sustained during ischemia. Studies in... (Review)
Review
Unmodified reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with irreversible myocardial injury beyond that sustained during ischemia. Studies in experimental models of ischemia/reperfusion and in humans undergoing reperfusion therapy for AMI have examined potential beneficial effects of nitric oxide (NO) supplemented at the time of reperfusion. Using a rigorous systematic search approach, we have identified and critically evaluated all the relevant experimental and clinical literature to assess whether exogenous NO given at reperfusion can limit infarct size. An inclusive search strategy was undertaken to identify all in vivo experimental animal and clinical human studies published in the period 1990-2014 where NO gas, nitrite, nitrate or NO donors were given to ameliorate reperfusion injury. Articles were screened at title and subsequently at abstract level, followed by objective full text analysis using a critical appraisal tool. In twenty-one animal studies, all NO treatments except nitroglycerin afforded protection against measures of reperfusion injury, including infarct size, creatinine kinase release, neutrophil accumulation and cardiac dysfunction. In three human AMI RCT's, there was no consistent evidence of infarct limitation associated with NO treatment as an adjunct to reperfusion. Despite experimental evidence that most NO treatments can reduce infarct size when given as adjuncts to reperfusion, the value of these interventions in clinical AMI is unproven. Our study raises issues for the design of further clinical studies and emphasises the need for improved design of animal studies to reflect more accurately the comorbidities and other confounding factors seen in clinical AMI.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Reperfusion; Nitric Oxide
PubMed: 26912064
DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0540-y -
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2023Preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury is the main direction of myocardial infarction treatment in the convalescent stage. Some studies have suggested that saponins in... (Review)
Review
Effect and possible mechanisms of saponins in Chinese herbal medicine exerts for the treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in experimental animal: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
INTRODUCTION
Preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury is the main direction of myocardial infarction treatment in the convalescent stage. Some studies have suggested that saponins in Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparations can protect the myocardium by various mechanisms. Our meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy of TCM saponins in treating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and to summarize the potential molecular mechanisms further.
METHODS
We conducted a literature search in six electronic databases [Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Sinomed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI)] until October 2022.
RESULTS
Seventeen eligible studies included 386 animals (254 received saponins and 132 received vehicles). The random effect model is used to calculate the combined effect. The effect size is expressed as the weighted average difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Compared with placebo, saponins preconditioning reduced infarct size after MIRI significantly (WMD: -3.60,95% CI: -4.45 to -2.74, < 0.01, : 84.7%, < 0.001), and significantly increased EF (WMD: 3.119, 95% CI: 2.165 to 4.082, < 0.01, : 82.9%, < 0.0 L) and FS (WMD: 3.157, 95% CI: 2.218 to 4.097, < 0.001, : 81.3%, < 0.001).
DISCUSSION
The results show that the pre-administration of saponins from TCM has a significant protective effect on MIRI in preclinical studies, which provides an application prospect for developing anti-MIRI drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity.
PubMed: 37564906
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1147740 -
Scientific Reports Feb 2017Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury is a negative pathophysiological event that may result in cardiac cell apoptosis and is a result of coronary revascularization and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury is a negative pathophysiological event that may result in cardiac cell apoptosis and is a result of coronary revascularization and cardiac intervention procedures. The resulting loss of cardiomyocyte cells and the formation of scar tissue, leads to impaired heart function, a major prognostic determinant of long-term cardiac outcomes. Photobiomodulation is a novel cardiac intervention that has displayed therapeutic effects in reducing myocardial ischemia reperfusion related myocardial injury in animal models. A growing body of evidence supporting the use of photobiomodulation in myocardial infarct models has implicated multiple molecular interactions. A systematic review was conducted to identify the strength of the evidence for the therapeutic effect of photobiomodulation and to summarise the current evidence as to its mechanisms. Photobiomodulation in animal models showed consistently positive effects over a range of wavelengths and application parameters, with reductions in total infarct size (up to 76%), decreases in inflammation and scarring, and increases in tissue repair. Multiple molecular pathways were identified, including modulation of inflammatory cytokines, signalling molecules, transcription factors, enzymes and antioxidants. Current evidence regarding the use of photobiomodulation in acute and planned cardiac intervention is at an early stage but is sufficient to inform on clinical trials.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Bias; Biomarkers; Cytokines; Cytoskeleton; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Low-Level Light Therapy; Mitochondria; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Oxidation-Reduction; Risk; Signal Transduction; Time Factors
PubMed: 28181487
DOI: 10.1038/srep42386 -
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2022Pharmaco-invasive therapy (PIT), combining thrombolysis and percutaneous coronary intervention, was a potential complement for primary percutaneous coronary intervention...
BACKGROUND
Pharmaco-invasive therapy (PIT), combining thrombolysis and percutaneous coronary intervention, was a potential complement for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI), while bleeding risk was still a concern.
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety outcomes of PIT and pPCI.
METHODS
A systematic search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies were conducted on Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, and Scopus. RCTs and observational studies were all collected and respectively analyzed, and combined pooled analysis was also presented. The primary efficacy outcome was short-term all-cause mortality within 30 days, including in-hospital period. The primary safety outcome was 30-day trial-defined major bleeding events.
RESULTS
A total of 26,597 patients from 5 RCTs and 12 observational studies were included. There was no significant difference in short-term mortality [RCTs: risk ratio (): 1.14, 95% CI: 0.67-1.93, = 0%, = 0.64; combined results: odds ratio (OR): 1.09, 95% CI: 0.93-1.29, = 0%, = 0.30] and 30-day major bleeding events (RCTs: RR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.07-2.93, = 0%, = 0.39; combined results: OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.53-1.92, = 0%, = 0.98). However, pPCI reduced risk of in-hospital major bleeding events, stroke and intracranial bleeding, but increased risk of in-hospital heart failure and 30-day heart failure in combined analysis of RCTs and observational studies, despite no significant difference in analysis of RCTs.
CONCLUSION
Pharmaco-invasive therapy could be an important complement for pPCI in real-world clinical practice under specific conditions, but studies aiming at optimizing thrombolysis and its combination of mandatory coronary angiography are also warranted.
PubMed: 35369319
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.813325 -
Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism Mar 2017To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis with the aim of providing robust estimates of the association between diabetes and long-term (≥1 year) mortality after... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Long-term mortality after acute myocardial infarction among individuals with and without diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies in the post-reperfusion era.
AIMS
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis with the aim of providing robust estimates of the association between diabetes and long-term (≥1 year) mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched (January 1985 to July 2016) for terms related to long-term mortality, diabetes and AMI. Two authors independently abstracted the data. Hazard ratios (HRs) comparing mortality in people with and without diabetes were pooled across studies using Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 10 randomized controlled trials and 56 cohort studies, including 714 780 patients, reported an estimated total of 202 411 deaths over the median (range) follow-up of 2.0 (1-20) years. The risk of death over time was significantly higher among those with diabetes compared with those without (unadjusted HR 1.82, 95% credible interval [CrI] 1.73-1.91). Mortality remained higher in the analysis restricted to 23/64 cohorts reporting data adjusted for confounders (adjusted HR 1.48, 95% CrI 1.43-1.53). The excess long-term mortality in diabetes was evident irrespective of the phenotype and modern treatment of AMI, and persisted in early survivors (unadjusted HR 1.82, 95% CrI 1.70-1.95).
CONCLUSIONS
Despite medical advances, individuals with diabetes have a 50% greater long-term mortality compared with those without. Further research to understand the determinants of this excess risk are important for public health, given the predicted rise in global diabetes prevalence.
Topics: Bayes Theorem; Case-Control Studies; Comorbidity; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Mortality; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Revascularization; Proportional Hazards Models
PubMed: 27862801
DOI: 10.1111/dom.12827 -
Basic Research in Cardiology Jan 2018Conditioning-like infarct limitation by enhanced level of hydrogen sulfide (HS) has been demonstrated in many animal models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Conditioning-like infarct limitation by enhanced level of hydrogen sulfide (HS) has been demonstrated in many animal models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) in vivo. We sought to evaluate the effect of HS on myocardial infarction across in vivo pre-clinical studies of MIRI using a comprehensive systematic review followed by meta-analysis. Embase, Pubmed and Web of Science were searched for pre-clinical investigation of the effect of HS on MIRI in vivo. Retained records (6031) were subjected to our pre-defined inclusion criteria then were objectively critiqued. Thirty-two reports were considered eligible to be included in this study and were grouped, based on the time of HS application, into preconditioning and postconditioning groups. Data were pooled using random effect meta-analysis. We also investigated the possible impact of different experimental variables and the risk of bias on the observed effect size. Preconditioning with HS (n = 23) caused a significant infarct limitation of - 20.25% (95% CI - 25.02, - 15.47). Similarly, postconditioning with HS (n = 40) also limited infarct size by - 21.61% (95% CI - 24.17, - 19.05). This cardioprotection was also robust and consistent following sensitivity analyses where none of the pre-defined experimental variables had a significant effect on the observed infarct limitation. HS shows a significant infarct limitation across in vivo pre-clinical studies of MIRI which include data from 825 animals. This infarct-sparing effect is robust and consistent when HS is applied before ischemia or at reperfusion, independently on animal size or sulfide source. Validating this infarct limitation using large animals from standard medical therapy background and with co-morbidities should be the way forward.
Topics: Animals; Hydrogen Sulfide; Ischemic Postconditioning; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial
PubMed: 29242986
DOI: 10.1007/s00395-017-0664-8 -
Vascular Health and Risk Management 2023Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) experience many barriers to participate in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs. Several studies identify barriers that can... (Review)
Review
Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) experience many barriers to participate in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs. Several studies identify barriers that can affect participation in CR among patients with CHD after reperfusion therapy. However, there has yet to be a review specifically in this population. This review aims to identify the literature systematically that analyzes the barriers that affect the participation of CHD patients after reperfusion therapy in implementing the CR program. This study used the Preferred Reporting Item for PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) with databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO-hosted Academic Search Complete, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, and Sage Journals. The keywords used in English were "coronary artery disease OR myocardial infarction OR cardiovascular disease OR heart disease" AND "Barrier OR obstacle", AND "percutaneous coronary intervention OR PCI OR angioplasty OR coronary artery bypass graft surgery OR CABG" AND "cardiac rehabilitation OR rehabilitation OR recovery". The inclusion criteria in this review were full-text articles in English, articles with a descriptive, cross-sectional, and cohort design with a minimum of 100 participants that discussed barriers to participation in patients with CHD after undergoing reperfusion therapy, and the CR phases such as I, II, III, and IV have also been identified. Based on the initial search, there are 23 relevant studies out of 7400. The results of this study reported that most of the participants from the studies analyzed had a low level of participation in CR (≤50%). We classify the factors that affect the level of CR participation into five categories: individual factors, health history, environmental, logistical, and health system. The most reported barriers in each category were age, comorbidities, lack of support from friends, family and health workers, distance or travel time, and cost and economic status. Professional health workers, especially nurses, can identify various barriers that patients feel so that they can increase their participation in attending CR.
Topics: Humans; Cardiac Rehabilitation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Coronary Artery Disease; Myocardial Infarction
PubMed: 37671387
DOI: 10.2147/VHRM.S425505 -
Frontiers in Physiology 2018Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), the major pharmacological extract from , possesses a variety of biological activities in the cardiovascular systems. Here, we aimed to evaluate...
Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), the major pharmacological extract from , possesses a variety of biological activities in the cardiovascular systems. Here, we aimed to evaluate preclinical evidence and possible mechanism of AS-IV for animal models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Studies of AS-IV in animal models with myocardial I/R injury were identified from 6 databases from inception to May, 2018. The methodological quality was assessed by using CAMARADES 10-item checklist. All the data were analyzed using Rev-Man 5.3 software. As a result, 22 studies with 484 animals were identified. The quality score of studies ranged from 3 to 6 points. Meta-analyses showed AS-IV can significantly decrease the myocardial infarct size and left ventricular ejection fraction, and increase shortening fraction compared with control group ( < 0.01). Significant decreasing of cardiac enzymes and cardiac troponin and increasing of decline degree in ST-segment were reported in one study each ( < 0.05). Additionally, the possible mechanisms of AS-IV for myocardial I/R injury are promoting angiogenesis, improving the circulation, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis. Thus, AS-IV is a potential cardioprotective candidate for further clinical trials of myocardial infarction.
PubMed: 30018562
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00795 -
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2022At present, effective clinical therapies for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) are lacking. We investigated if luteolin conferred cardioprotective effects...
BACKGROUND
At present, effective clinical therapies for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) are lacking. We investigated if luteolin conferred cardioprotective effects against MIRI and elucidated the potential underlying mechanisms.
METHOD
Four databases were searched for preclinical studies of luteolin for the treatment of MIRI. The primary outcomes were myocardial infarct size (IS) and intracardiac hemodynamics. The second outcomes were representative indicators of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory. The Stata and RevMan software packages were utilized for data analysis.
RESULTS
Luteolin administration was confirmed to reduce IS and ameliorate hemodynamics as compared to the control groups ( < 0.01). IS had decreased by 2.50%, 2.14%, 2.54% in three subgroups. Amelioration of hemodynamics was apparent in two different myocardial infarct models (model of left anterior descending branch ligation and model of global heart ischemia), as left ventricular systolic pressure improved by 21.62 and 35.40 mmHg respectively, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure decreased by 7.79 and 4.73 mmHg respectively, maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise increased by 737.48 and 750.47 mmHg/s respectively, and maximum rate of left ventricular pressure decrease increased by 605.66 and 790.64 mmHg/s respectively. Apoptosis of cardiomyocytes also significantly decreased, as indicated by thelevels of MDA, an oxidative stress product, and expression of the inflammatory factor TNF-α ( < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Pooling of the data demonstrated that luteolin exerts cardioprotective effects against MIRI through different signaling pathways. As possible mechanisms, luteolin exerts anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammation effects against MIRI.
PubMed: 35548432
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.685998