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Nursing Forum Nov 2022To identify the current research involving interprofessional collaboration between registered nurses (RNs) and speech language pathologists (SLPs) in healthcare and...
AIMS AND OBJECTIVE
To identify the current research involving interprofessional collaboration between registered nurses (RNs) and speech language pathologists (SLPs) in healthcare and educational settings.
BACKGROUND
As the complexity of healthcare increases, the need for active interprofessional collaboration between RNs and SLPs grows. A review of the literature revealed no systematic reviews currently exist about interprofessional collaborative studies between RNs and SLPs.
DESIGN
Researchers conducted a scoping review using PRISMA guidelines.
METHODS
Online databases were used to identify qualitative and quantitative research studies written in English and conducted between 2011 and 2020. Databases included Academic Search Ultimate, ASHA Wire, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, ERIC, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, and SEMANTIC SCHOLAR. The studies needed to focus on the interprofessional collaboration between RNs and SLPs or students in these professions.
FINDINGS
Of the 128 sources, only six studies met scoping review criteria. The primary focus of three studies was an evaluation of interprofessional education activities between nursing, speech language pathology, and other health profession students. One study explored interprofessional education in clinical practice between RNs and SLPs. Two studies explored interprofessional collaboration in the clinical setting.
CONCLUSION
More research is needed that investigates interprofessional collaboration and practice of RNs and SLPs in the healthcare setting.
RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
This review identified the need for RNs and SLPs to work effectively as interprofessional teams are important in improving patient outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Pathologists; Speech; Speech-Language Pathology; Delivery of Health Care; Nurses
PubMed: 36161720
DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12802 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Dec 2017- Relatively little is known about the significance and potential impact of glass-digital discordances, and this is likely to be of importance when considering digital... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
CONTEXT
- Relatively little is known about the significance and potential impact of glass-digital discordances, and this is likely to be of importance when considering digital pathology adoption.
OBJECTIVE
- To apply evidence-based medicine to collect and analyze reported instances of glass-digital discordance from the whole slide imaging validation literature.
DESIGN
- We used our prior systematic review protocol to identify studies assessing the concordance of light microscopy and whole slide imaging between 1999 and 2015. Data were extracted and analyzed by a team of histopathologists to classify the type, significance, and potential root cause of discordances.
RESULTS
- Twenty-three studies were included, yielding 8069 instances of a glass diagnosis being compared with a digital diagnosis. From these 8069 comparisons, 335 instances of discordance (4%) were reported, in which glass was the preferred diagnostic medium in 286 (85%), and digital in 44 (13%), with no consensus in 5 (2%). Twenty-eight discordances had the potential to cause moderate/severe patient harm. Of these, glass was the preferred diagnostic medium for 26 (93%). Of the 335 discordances, 109 (32%) involved the diagnosis or grading of dysplasia. For these cases, glass was the preferred diagnostic medium in 101 cases (93%), suggesting that diagnosis and grading of dysplasia may be a potential pitfall of digital diagnosis. In 32 of 335 cases (10%), discordance on digital was attributed to the inability to find a small diagnostic/prognostic object.
CONCLUSIONS
- Systematic analysis of concordance studies reveals specific areas that may be problematic on whole slide imaging. It is important that pathologists are aware of these areas to ensure patient safety.
Topics: Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; Diagnostic Errors; Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Microscopy; Pathology, Clinical; Societies, Medical; United Kingdom
PubMed: 28467215
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2016-0494-OA -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... Aug 2022Many postmortem studies address the cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 and provide valuable information, but are limited by their small sample size. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Many postmortem studies address the cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 and provide valuable information, but are limited by their small sample size.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this systematic review is to better understand the various aspects of the cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 by pooling data from a large number of autopsy studies.
DATA SOURCES
We searched the online databases Ovid EBM Reviews, Ovid Embase, Ovid Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science for concepts of autopsy or histopathology combined with COVID-19, published between database inception and February 2021. We also searched for unpublished manuscripts using the medRxiv services operated by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
Articles were considered eligible for inclusion if they reported human postmortem cardiovascular findings among individuals with a confirmed SARS coronavirus type 2 (CoV-2) infection.
PARTICIPANTS
Confirmed COVID-19 patients with post-mortem cardiovascular findings.
INTERVENTIONS
None.
METHODS
Studies were individually assessed for risk of selection, detection, and reporting biases. The median prevalence of different autopsy findings with associated interquartile ranges (IQRs).
RESULTS
This review cohort contained 50 studies including 548 hearts. The median age of the deceased was 69 years. The most prevalent acute cardiovascular findings were myocardial necrosis (median: 100.0%; IQR, 20%-100%; number of studies = 9; number of patients = 64) and myocardial oedema (median: 55.5%; IQR, 19.5%-92.5%; number of studies = 4; number of patients = 46). The median reported prevalence of extensive, focal active, and multifocal myocarditis were all 0.0%. The most prevalent chronic changes were myocyte hypertrophy (median: 69.0%; IQR, 46.8%-92.1%) and fibrosis (median: 35.0%; IQR, 35.0%-90.5%). SARS-CoV-2 was detected in the myocardium with median prevalence of 60.8% (IQR 40.4-95.6%).
CONCLUSIONS
Our systematic review confirmed the high prevalence of acute and chronic cardiac pathologies in COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 cardiac tropism, as well as the low prevalence of myocarditis in COVID-19.
Topics: Aged; Autopsy; COVID-19; Humans; Lung; Myocarditis; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 35339672
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.03.021 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jan 2024Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is one of the most common genetic cardiovascular diseases, and it shows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. HCM can be... (Review)
Review
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is one of the most common genetic cardiovascular diseases, and it shows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. HCM can be clinically silent, and sudden unexpected death due to malignant arrhythmias may be the first manifestation. Thus, the HCM diagnosis could be performed at a clinical and judicial autopsy and offer useful findings on morphological features; moreover, it could integrate the knowledge on the genetic aspect of the disease. This review aims to systematically analyze the literature on the main post-mortem investigations and the related findings of HCM to reach a well-characterized and stringent diagnosis; the review was performed using PubMed and Scopus databases. The articles on the post-mortem evaluation of HCM by gross and microscopic evaluation, imaging, and genetic test were selected; a total of 36 studies were included. HCM was described with a wide range of gross findings, and there were cases without morphological alterations. Myocyte hypertrophy, disarray, fibrosis, and small vessel disease were the main histological findings. The post-mortem genetic tests allowed the diagnosis to be reached in cases without morpho-structural abnormalities; clinical and forensic pathologists have a pivotal role in HCM diagnosis; they contribute to a better definition of the disease and also provide data on the genotype-phenotype correlation, which is useful for clinical research.
Topics: Humans; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic; Genetic Testing; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Autopsy; Fibrosis; Phenotype; Death, Sudden, Cardiac
PubMed: 38279275
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021275 -
BioMed Research International 2016. Patients with head and neck cancer suffer from various impairments due to the primary illness, as well as secondary consequences of the oncological treatment. This... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
. Patients with head and neck cancer suffer from various impairments due to the primary illness, as well as secondary consequences of the oncological treatment. This systematic review describes the effects of radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy on the functions of the upper aerodigestive tract in patients with head and neck cancer. . A systematic literature search was performed by two independent reviewers using the electronic databases PubMed and Embase. All dates up to May 2016 were included. . Of the 947 abstracts, sixty articles met the inclusion criteria and described one or more aspects of the sequelae of radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Forty studies described swallowing-related problems, 24 described voice-related problems, seven described trismus, and 25 studies described general quality of life. Only 14 articles reported that speech pathologists conducted the interventions, of which only six articles described in detail what the interventions involved. . In general, voice quality improved following intervention, whereas quality of life, dysphagia, and oral intake deteriorated during and after treatment. However, as a consequence of the diversity in treatment protocols and patient characteristics, the conclusions of most studies cannot be easily generalised. Further research on the effects of oncological interventions on the upper aerodigestive tract is needed.
Topics: Aged; Causality; Chemoradiotherapy; Comorbidity; Deglutition Disorders; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Incidence; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Speech Disorders; Trismus; Voice Disorders
PubMed: 27722170
DOI: 10.1155/2016/6086894 -
Cancer Management and Research 2022Lymph node metastasis (LNM) from primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) is an infrequent condition, and classically it was thought that CNS tumors could not... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Lymph node metastasis (LNM) from primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) is an infrequent condition, and classically it was thought that CNS tumors could not spread via the lymphatic route. Recent discoveries about this route of dissemination make its knowledge necessary for surgeons and pathologists to avoid delays in diagnosis and unnecessary treatments. The aim of this paper is to review the literature and to discuss the relevant pathogenetic mechanism and the cytologic features along with recommendations for surgical treatment of these cervical LNM.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Using PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of the literature published from 1944 to 2021, updating the comprehensive review published in 2010 by our group.
RESULTS
Our review includes data of 143 articles obtaining 174 patients with LNM from a primary CNS tumor. The mean age of the patients was 31.9 years (range, 0.1-87) and there were 61 females (35.1%) and 103 males (59.2%), and in 10 cases (5.7%) the gender was not specified. The more frequent sites of distant metastasis were bones (23%), lungs (11.5%) and non-cervical lymph nodes (11%).
CONCLUSION
Cervical LNM from CNS tumors is infrequent. Pathologic diagnosis can be obtained by fine-needle aspiration cytology in most cases, giving surgeons the option to plan the appropriate surgical treatment. Given the poor prognosis of these cases, the most conservative possible cervical dissection is usually the treatment of choice.
PubMed: 35300060
DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S348102 -
Danish Medical Journal Feb 2017Surgery is the most important factor for radical treatment of colon cancer, and the long-term prognosis can be improved by improving the surgical treatment without... (Review)
Review
Surgery is the most important factor for radical treatment of colon cancer, and the long-term prognosis can be improved by improving the surgical treatment without increased risk of perioperative mortality. Complete mesocolic excision (CME), in which more extensive lymph node (LN) dissection is performed, has been shown in single-centre studies with historical controls to be associated with better oncological outcome. However, better evidence is needed. The main purpose of this PhD thesis was to investigate whether CME could be implemented in a colorectal surgical department in Denmark, whether more extensive dissection could demonstrate LN metastases outside the mesocolon, and to demonstrate a possible association between CME and improved oncological results without increased risk of perioperative mortality. This thesis includes five articles. Two articles (IV and V) are based on the population of patients undergoing elective resection for colon cancer in the Capital Region from June 2008 to December 2013. Two articles (II and III) are based on data from the local colon database in Hillerød, and the last article (I) is a systematic review concerning the risk of metastases from colon cancer to the central LNs in the mesocolon. Article I found a risk of metastases in central LNs to be reported in 1-22% of the cases of right-sided colon cancers, and in up to 12% of the cases with sigmoid tumours. The populations included and methods used in the studies were very heterogeneous and no definitive conclusions can be drawn. It was shown in article II that the surgical quality, i.e. quality of the specimens assessed by the pathologists, improved with implementation of CME in Hillerød. The vascular tie was higher, and the implementation was not associated with an increased risk of perioperative mortality. Article III demonstrated a risk of LN metastases in the gastrocolic ligament along the stomach for tumours located in the transverse colon, in the ascending or descending colon close to or in the flexures. It occurred in 4% of all patients and 13% of the patients with LN metastases in mesocolon. Resection of these LNs seems advisable for these tumour locations. Article IV showed no association between increased perioperative mortality and CME (n = 529) when compared with non-CME (n = 1,701). The 30-day mortality was 4.2% after CME compared with 3.7% after non-CME (p = 0.605), and the 90-day mortalities were 6.2% and 4.9% (p = 0.219) respectively. Odds ratios for 30-day and 90-day mortalities after CME were respectively 1.07 (95% confidence interval: 0.62-1.80) and 1.25 (0.77-1.94) in the multi-variable logistic regression analyses. Postoperative respiratory failure and need for vasopressors were significantly more frequent in the CME group and, besides CME itself, could be associated with the fewer laparoscopic resections and more severe preoperative comorbidity in the CME Group. Article V demonstrated an association between higher four-year disease-free survival for stage I-III tumours and CME (n = 364) when compared with non-CME (n = 1,031). Most notable was the difference for stage I and II cancers. The four-year disease-free survival for stage I was 100% in the CME group compared with 89.8% (83.1-96.6) in the non-CME group (p = 0.046). For stage II the disease-free survivals were 91.9% (87.2-96.6%) in the CME group and 77.9% (71.6-84.1%) in the non-CME group (p = 0.0033), and for stage III 73.5% (63.6-83.5) and 67.5% (61.8-73.2) (p = 0.13) respectively. In the multivariable Cox regression models, CME was a significant predictive factor for higher dis-ease-free four-year survival for stage I-III patients with hazard ratios (HR) for CME of 0.59 (0.42-0.83, p = 0.0025). For stage II the HR was 0.44 (0.23-0.86, p = 0.018) and for stage III 0.64 (0.42-1.00, p = 0.048).
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Colon; Colonic Neoplasms; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Disease-Free Survival; Feasibility Studies; Humans; Lymph Node Excision; Lymphatic Metastasis; Mesocolon; Survival Rate; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 28157065
DOI: No ID Found -
Legal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Jun 2024Suicidal hanging resulting in decapitation is rarely documented. This discussion involves a case of a 35-year-old man found decapitated in his residence's garden. A... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Suicidal hanging resulting in decapitation is rarely documented. This discussion involves a case of a 35-year-old man found decapitated in his residence's garden. A systematic literature review on hanging-induced decapitation was conducted to comprehensively investigate and compare the case to existing literature. The study aims to identify frequently described post-mortem findings in cases of suicidal hanging leading to decapitation.
CASE REPORT
A 35-year-old man was found decapitated in his garden, with a jute strap and chimney debris nearby. The cervical region was completely severed along the dorsoventral and craniocaudal plane, exposing internal structures. A ligature mark was present, along with Amussat's sign and Simon's bleeding.
METHODS
The systematic review of the literature followed PRISMA standards, analyzing 3622 publications from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus databases up to 2023. Inclusion criteria comprised cases of complete or incomplete decapitation resulting from hanging, available in full-text and written in English.
RESULTS
16 articles on hanging-induced decapitation met the selection criteria; 22 cases were analyzed. Studies, mostly from Europe, showed a mean victim age of 44.3, all male. Fall height ranged from 1 m to 18 m, with various suspension media. Most cases displayed complete decapitation, primarily between cervical vertebrae C1 and C3. Some cases noted collateral findings.
CONCLUSIONS
Complete crime scene investigation and thorough post-mortem examination are crucial for reconstructing events, especially with confounding elements. Precise evidence collection and literature comparison are essential to understand the case and substantiate the forensic pathologist's hypothesis in court.
PubMed: 38838410
DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102464 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma (ESC-RCC) is a novel and uncommon type of renal cell carcinoma, which has been recently recognized and introduced as a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma (ESC-RCC) is a novel and uncommon type of renal cell carcinoma, which has been recently recognized and introduced as a distinct entity in the WHO 2022 kidney tumor classification. Previously known as "unclassified RCC", followed by "tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)-associated RCC", ESC-RCC is now a distinct category of kidney tumor, with its own name, with specific clinical manifestations, and a unique morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular profile. Due to its recent introduction and the limited available data, the diagnosis of ESC-RCC is still a complex challenge, and it is probably frequently misdiagnosed. The secret of diagnosing this tumor lies in the pathologists' knowledge, and keeping it up to date through research, thereby limiting the use of outdated nomenclature. The aim of our case-based review is to provide a better understanding of this pathology and to enrich the literature with a new case report, which has some particularities compared to the existing cases.
Topics: Humans; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Kidney Neoplasms; Eosinophilia; Male
PubMed: 38892169
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115982 -
Annals of Oncology : Official Journal... Nov 2016Since the last two decades, the feasibility of fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) in early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has been explored by several teams and is... (Review)
Review
Since the last two decades, the feasibility of fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) in early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has been explored by several teams and is reconsidered in this systematic review undertaken using the PRISMA guidelines. Borderline ovarian tumours and non-EOCs were excluded. This review comprises 1150 patients and 139 relapsing patients reported by 21 teams. This conservative treatment can be safely carried out for stage IA and IC grade 1 and 2 disease and stage IC1 according to the new FIGO staging system. Nevertheless, the number of patients reported with grade 2 disease is too small to definitively confirm whether FSS is safe in this subgroup. For patients with 'less favourable' prognostic factors (grade 3 or stage IC3 disease), the safety of FSS could not be confirmed, but patients should be informed that radical treatment probably may not necessarily improve their oncological outcome, because the poorest survival observed could be related to the natural history of the disease itself and not specifically to the use of conservative therapy. FSS could probably be considered in stage I clear-cell tumours but should remain contraindicated for stage II/III disease (whatever the histologic subtype). As the disease stage and the histologic data (tumour type and grade) are crucial to patient selection for this treatment, this implies careful and mandatory complete surgical staging surgery in this context and a pathological analysis (or review) of the tumour by an expert pathologist.
Topics: Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; Female; Fertility; Fertility Preservation; Humans; Medical Oncology; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Staging; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial; Ovarian Neoplasms
PubMed: 27502723
DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw311