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Nursing Open Dec 2023Nursing competencies are crucial indicators for providing quality and safe care. The lack of international agreement in this field has caused problems in the... (Review)
Review
AIM
Nursing competencies are crucial indicators for providing quality and safe care. The lack of international agreement in this field has caused problems in the generalization and application of findings. The purpose of this review is to identify the core competencies necessary for undergraduate nursing students to enter nursing work.
DATA SOURCES
We conducted a structured search using Scopus, MEDLINE (PubMed), Science Direct, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.
REVIEW METHODS
We conducted a scoping review using the methodology recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute, supported by the PAGER framework, and guided by the PRISMA-ScR Checklist. Inclusion criteria included full-text articles in English, quantitative and qualitative research related to competencies for undergraduate students or newly graduated nurses, competency assessment, and tool development from 1970 to 2022. We excluded articles related to specific nursing roles, specific contexts, Master's and Ph.D. curricula, hospital work environment competencies, and editorial.
RESULTS
Out of 15,875 articles, we selected 43 studies, and data analysis with summative content analysis identified five themes named individualized care, professional nursing process, nursing administration, readiness, and professional development.
CONCLUSION
Considering the dynamics of competencies and their change with time, experience, and setting, it is necessary to update, localize, and levelling of the proposed competencies based on the culture of each country.
IMPACT
These competencies provide a guide for undergraduate nursing curriculum development and offer a framework for both clinical instruction and the evaluation of nursing students.
Topics: Humans; Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; Students, Nursing; Curriculum; Qualitative Research; Generalization, Psychological
PubMed: 37817394
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.2020 -
Quality of Life Research : An... Feb 2018Previous work in pediatric oncology has found that clinicians and parents tend to under-report the frequency and severity of treatment-related symptoms compared to child... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Previous work in pediatric oncology has found that clinicians and parents tend to under-report the frequency and severity of treatment-related symptoms compared to child self-report. As such, there is a need to identify high-quality self-report instruments to be used in pediatric oncology research studies. This study's objective was to conduct a systematic literature review of existing English language instruments used to measure self-reported symptoms in children and adolescents undergoing cancer treatment.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO to identify relevant articles published through November 10, 2016. Using pre-specified inclusion/exclusion criteria, six trained reviewers carefully screened abstracts and full-text articles for eligibility.
RESULTS
There were 7738 non-duplicate articles identified in the literature search. Forty articles met our eligibility criteria, and within these articles, there were 38 self-report English symptom instruments. Most studies evaluated only cross-sectional psychometric properties, such as reliability or validity. Ten studies assessed an instrument's responsiveness or ability to detect changes in symptoms over time. Eight instruments met our criteria for use in future longitudinal pediatric oncology studies.
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review aids pediatric oncology researchers in identifying and selecting appropriate symptom measures with strong psychometric evidence for their studies. Enhancing the child's voice in pediatric oncology research studies allows us to better understand the impact of cancer and its treatment on the lives of children.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Biomedical Research; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Medical Oncology; Psychometrics; Quality of Life; Reproducibility of Results; Self Report; Young Adult
PubMed: 28879501
DOI: 10.1007/s11136-017-1692-4 -
Journal of Pediatric Intensive Care Mar 2020The aim of this study was to determine the association between the time of admission (day, night, and/or weekends) and mortality among critically ill children admitted... (Review)
Review
The aim of this study was to determine the association between the time of admission (day, night, and/or weekends) and mortality among critically ill children admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Electronic databases that were searched include PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Ovid, and Cochrane Library since inception till June 15, 2018. The article included observational studies reporting inhospital mortality and the time of admission to PICU limited to patients aged younger than 18 years. Meta-analysis was performed by a frequentist approach with both fixed and random effect models. The GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. Ten studies met our inclusion criteria. Five studies comparing weekday with weekend admissions showed better odds of survival on weekdays (odds ratio [OR]: 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60-0.99). Pooled data of four studies showed that odds of mortality were similar between day and night admissions (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.77-1.13). Similarly, three studies comparing admission during off-hours versus regular hours did not show better odds of survival during regular hours (OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.57-1.05). Heterogeneity was significant due to variable sample sizes and time period. Inconsistency in adjusting for confounders across the included studies precluded us from analyzing the adjusted risk of mortality. Weekday admissions to PICU were associated with lesser odds of mortality. No significant differences in the odds of mortality were found between admissions during day versus night or between admission during regular hours and that during off-hours. However, the evidence is of low quality and requires larger prospective studies.
PubMed: 31984150
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3399581 -
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases Sep 2021Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is characterized by skin fragility with blister formation occurring spontaneously or following minor trauma such as gentle pressure or... (Review)
Review
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is characterized by skin fragility with blister formation occurring spontaneously or following minor trauma such as gentle pressure or friction. Current physiotherapy practice is based on anecdotal care, clinical expertise and creative problem solving with caregivers and individuals with EB. Evidence based intervention is needed to establish a foundation of knowledge and to guide international practitioners to create and improve standards of care to effectively work with individuals living with EB. This clinical practice guideline (CPG) was created for the purpose of providing evidence based interventions and best clinical practices for the physiotherapy management of individuals with EB. A survey was conducted within the EB community and six outcomes were identified as a priority to address in physiotherapy management, including (1) attaining developmental motor milestones, (2) identifying safe and functional mobility in the natural environment, (3) encouraging ambulation endurance, (4) supporting safe ability to bear weight, (5) improving access to physiotherapy services, and (6) optimizing interaction with the community. A systematic literature review was conducted and articles were critically analyzed by an international panel consisting of thirteen members: healthcare professionals (including physiotherapist, doctors, and occupational therapist), caregivers, and individuals with EB. Recommendations were formulated from evidence and panel consensus. An external panel of twelve were invited to improve the quality and gather feedback on draft manuscript and recommendations. This CPG describes the development of recommendations for physiotherapy management including several best practice interventions. This guideline lays the foundational work for physiotherapist throughout the world to provide high quality services while improving and maintaining functional mobility and independence within the EB community. The CPG outlines limitations in the evidence available and possible future research needed to improve physiotherapy practice.
Topics: Blister; Epidermolysis Bullosa; Humans; Medicine; Physical Therapy Modalities; Physicians
PubMed: 34593011
DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01997-w -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... May 2023This systematic review aimed to assess bite force measurements in children and adolescents and to study the various devices that measure Maximum Voluntary Bite Force... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
This systematic review aimed to assess bite force measurements in children and adolescents and to study the various devices that measure Maximum Voluntary Bite Force (MVBF). This systematic review included observational studies and experimental studies in children and adolescents (upto 19 years of age) which evaluated MVBF using a bite force measuring device. Studies on participants with systemic conditions were excluded. Databases such as PubMed, Embase, LILACS, and the Cochrane library were searched until September 2022, for which screening and quality assessment were performed. Newcastle-Ottawa, modified Newcastle-Ottawa and ROBINS-I tools were used to assess the Risk-of-bias. All observational studies reporting overall bite force values of participants were included for meta-analyses. A total of 8864 participants (3491 males and 3623 females) were included from 61 studies. Meta-analyses were conducted to evaluate mean average bite force value for each included dentition using R software v2.4-0. Estimation was done to derive an average BF value for variables such as age (dentition), gender, side, site, device and ethnicity. MVBF values were reported as mean average in the form of MLN with 95% CI (Confidence Interval). Using a random-effects model, 29 forest plots were generated. I values varied between 90% and 100%. Bite force ranged from 246.22 N (220.47; 274.98) to 311.72 N (255.99; 379.59) and 489.35 N (399.86; 598.87) in primary, mixed, and permanent dentitions, respectively. Six different sites for recording bite force and 11 different types of devices were reported with portable occlusal bite force gauge being the most common device. Outcomes of this review provide useful baseline reference values of bite force for clinicians and researchers.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Child; Adolescent; Bite Force; Dental Occlusion; Dentition, Permanent
PubMed: 37143420
DOI: 10.22514/jocpd.2023.022 -
PloS One 2022Pediatric conditions can lead to significant caregiver burden and poor quality of life (QoL). This systematic review describes research relating to caregiver burden and...
Pediatric conditions can lead to significant caregiver burden and poor quality of life (QoL). This systematic review describes research relating to caregiver burden and QoL of caregivers of pediatric glaucoma patients. A systematic database search of Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the three journals within the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) was conducted in October 2021. Publications underwent abstract and full-text screening and were included if they reported pediatric caregivers' QoL using quantitative or qualitative methods. Review articles, publications not in English, and articles focusing on adult glaucoma patients were excluded. Studies then underwent risk of bias assessment and data extraction. Of the 105 publications identified, 8 publications with 667 participants were included in the review. Studies indicated significantly higher burden and poor QoL in caregivers. Female sex, lower education level, lower income, and working status of caregivers were associated with poorer QoL and greater burden. Additionally, more severe and longer duration of the child's disease negatively impacted these measures of caregiver wellbeing. Additionally, studies found significant improvement in caregiver QoL after patients underwent surgery with combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy. In conclusion, few studies have investigated the impact of pediatric glaucoma on caregivers. This review of the existing studies found poor QoL and high levels of caregiver burden within this population. Given the lifelong nature of pediatric glaucoma, there is a need for further longitudinal research focusing on the caregivers of these pediatric patients. Long-term follow-up would allow for a greater understanding of how caregiver QoL changes over the course of the disease.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Female; Child; Quality of Life; Caregiver Burden; Caregivers; Income; Glaucoma
PubMed: 36288373
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276881 -
Nutrients Jun 2023Vitamin D supplementation has been considered a possible treatment to reduce the risk of disease activity and progression in people with multiple sclerosis (MS).... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Vitamin D supplementation has been considered a possible treatment to reduce the risk of disease activity and progression in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, its effect on disease symptoms remains unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to conduct a systematic review to assess the effect of vitamin D on fatigue in this population. The systematic review was conducted using the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science databases from inception to May 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting pre-post changes in fatigue after vitamin D supplementation were included. Pooled effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated by applying a random effects model with Stata/SE (Version 16.0; StataCorp., College Station, TX, USA). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. A total of five studies with 345 individuals (271 females; age range: 25.4-41.1 years) were included. A significant reduction in fatigue was perceived when vitamin D supplementation was compared with a control group: -0.18 (95% CI: -0.36 to -0.01; I = 0%). Thus, our findings show that the therapeutic use of vitamin D on fatigue in people with MS could be considered. Nevertheless, due to the lack of agreement on the dose to be applied, it is recommended to use it under medical prescription.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Dietary Supplements; Fatigue; Multiple Sclerosis; Vitamin D; Male
PubMed: 37447189
DOI: 10.3390/nu15132861 -
Journal of Hospital Medicine Oct 2022Pediatric extravasation injuries are significant healthcare-associated injuries, with sometimes significant sequelae. Evidence-based guidance on management is necessary... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Pediatric extravasation injuries are significant healthcare-associated injuries, with sometimes significant sequelae. Evidence-based guidance on management is necessary to prevent permanent injury.
PURPOSE
A systematic review of the literature, including aggregated case series, investigating extravasation injury management of hospitalized pediatric patients.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed, Cummulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Excerpta Medica database (EMBASE) were searched on December 13, 2021.
STUDY SELECTION
Primary research investigating extravasation injury management of hospitalized pediatric patients (to 18 years), published from 2010 onwards and in English, independently screened by two authors, with arbitration from a third author.
DATA EXTRACTION
Data regarding the study, patient (age, primary diagnosis), extravasation (site, presentation, outcome), and treatment (first aid, wound management) were extracted by two authors, with arbitration from a third author.
DATA SYNTHESIS
From an initial 1769 articles, 27 studies were included with extractable case data reported in 18 studies, resulting in 33 cases. No clinical trials were identified, instead, studies were primarily case studies (52%) of neonates (67%), with varied extravasation symptoms. Studies had good selection and ascertainment, but few met the causality and reporting requirements for quality assessments. Signs and symptoms varied, with scarring (45%) and necrosis (30%) commonly described. Diverse treatments were categorized into first aid, medical, surgical, and dressings.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite infiltration and extravasation injuries being common within pediatric healthcare, management interventions are under-researched, with low-quality studies and no consensus on treatments or outcomes.
Topics: Child; Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials; Humans; Infant, Newborn
PubMed: 36039964
DOI: 10.1002/jhm.12951 -
Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012) Nov 2023Patient satisfaction (PS) with nursing care is considered one of the most important predictors of satisfaction with hospital services. The current research was conducted...
INTRODUCTION
Patient satisfaction (PS) with nursing care is considered one of the most important predictors of satisfaction with hospital services. The current research was conducted to determine the level of PS with nursing care provided in hospitals in Iran.
METHODS
A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in various international electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex, and the Scientific Information Database (SID) using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as 'Patient satisfaction', 'Satisfaction', 'Nursing care', and 'Nurse' from the earliest to 27 January 2023. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scale, and the analysis was performed in Stata software version 14. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to clarify the source of heterogeneity.
RESULTS
The results showed that the overall PS with nursing care in different hospitals was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.79-0.86). The proportions of complete satisfaction, partial satisfaction, and dissatisfaction were 0.38 (95% CI: 0.23-0.53), 0.45 (95% CI: 0.34-0.55), and 0.17 (95% CI: 0.12-0.21), respectively.
CONCLUSION
However, overall satisfaction was seen in four out of five patients admitted to hospitals in Iran, complete satisfaction with nursing care was 38%. Future studies should identify the effective factors related to PS with nursing care.
PubMed: 37915670
DOI: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000001309 -
Academic Pediatrics 2020School health systems are increasingly investing in telemedicine platforms to address acute and chronic illnesses. Asthma, the most common chronic illness in childhood,... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
School health systems are increasingly investing in telemedicine platforms to address acute and chronic illnesses. Asthma, the most common chronic illness in childhood, is of particular interest given its high burden on school absenteeism.
OBJECTIVE
Conduct a systematic review evaluating impact of school-based telemedicine programs on improving asthma-related outcomes.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, ERIC, PsycINFO, Embase, and Google Scholar.
STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
Original research, including quasi-experimental studies, without restriction on the type of telemedicine.
PARTICIPANTS
School-aged pediatric patients with asthma and their families.
INTERVENTIONS
School-based telemedicine.
STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS
Two authors independently screened each abstract, conducted full-text review, assessed study quality, and extracted information. A third author resolved disagreements.
RESULTS
Of 371 articles identified, 7 were included for the review. Outcomes of interest were asthma symptom-free days, asthma symptom frequency, quality of life, health care utilization, school absences, and spirometry. Four of 7 studies reported significant increases in symptom-free days and/or decrease in symptom frequency. Five of 6 reported increases in at least one quality-of-life metric, 2 of 7 reported a decrease in at least 1 health care utilization metric, 1 of 3 showed reductions in school absences, and 1 of 2 reported improvements in spirometry measures.
LIMITATIONS
Variability in intervention designs and outcome measures make comparisons and quantitative analyses across studies difficult. Only 2 of 7 studies were randomized controlled trials.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGS
High-quality evidence supporting the use of school-based telemedicine programs to improve patient outcomes is limited. While available evidence suggests benefit, only 2 comparative trials were identified, and the contribution of telemedicine to these studies' results is unclear.
Topics: Absenteeism; Asthma; Child; Humans; Quality of Life; Schools; Telemedicine
PubMed: 32446856
DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2020.05.008