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International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2022(1) Background: Psychological parameters are relevant in the practice of judo. Previous studies have shown that parameters such as anxiety or motivation can have a...
(1) Background: Psychological parameters are relevant in the practice of judo. Previous studies have shown that parameters such as anxiety or motivation can have a negative or positive impact on the athlete's performance and general well-being, depending on the athlete's perception. This systematic review aimed to summarize the studies examining the influence of various psychological parameters on well-being and performance in judo athletes; (2) Methods: We followed preferred reporting elements for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We searched the Web of Science database for studies that explained the role of these parameters in elite athletes. Of the 286 articles initially identified, 17 met our eligibility criteria and were included in the review. In total, we analyzed data from 721 judo athletes; (3) Results: The studies found have demonstrated the impact of various psychological parameters during high-level performance and how these parameters can influence and lead an athlete to win or lose a competition. The feelings of tension, anger, anxiety, and nervousness were significantly increased in athletes who were facing defeat, while a decrease in the same segments and an increase in motivation among athletes who were experiencing better performance was observed. Further research under standardized conditions is needed to better understand the effects of these parameters on judo athletes; (4) Conclusions: Considering the athlete's psychological state can affect performance, and it is therefore important to monitor and train these factors.
Topics: Anger; Anxiety; Athletes; Humans; Martial Arts
PubMed: 35206281
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042093 -
BMJ Open Nov 2022Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is a meditation-based therapy originally recommended for stress management. However, it is currently used to alleviate sleep... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is a meditation-based therapy originally recommended for stress management. However, it is currently used to alleviate sleep disturbances. Therefore, this contemporary systematic review aimed to elucidate the clinical effects of MBSR on sleep quality and sleep-related daytime impairment in adults with sleep disturbances, including chronic insomnia disorders.
DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).
METHODS
A comprehensive search was conducted using the following databases: Ovid MEDLINE, AMED, Ovidembase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and four domestic databases: KoreaMed, KISS, KMbase and NDSL. The final search update was performed in June 2022. Two researchers independently selected relevant studies, assessed the risk of bias and extracted the data.
RESULTS
Of the 7516 records searched, 20 RCTs and 21 reports were included. In the subgroup analysis, MBSR did not improve objective or subjective sleep quality in chronic insomnia and cancers. However, MBSR versus waitlist control might have been effective in improving subjective sleep quality, but with substantial heterogeneity (standardised mean difference=-0.32; 95% CI: -0.56 to -0.08; I=71%). In addition, MBSR compared with active control did not improve the sleep-related daytime impairments including depression, anxiety, stress, fatigue and quality of life. The overall risk of bias included in this review was a concern because of performance and detection bias.
CONCLUSIONS
MBSR might be ineffective for improving sleep quality in patients with chronic insomnia and cancers. In addition, more than half of the RCTs included in this review had small sample sizes and were vulnerable to performance and detection biases. Therefore, well-designed RCTs with larger sample sizes are required to confirm the clinical effects of MBSR in adults with sleep disturbances.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42015027963.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Mindfulness; Stress, Psychological; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Sleep Wake Disorders; Neoplasms; Sleep
PubMed: 36332952
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058032 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2023Nursing students are reported to have moderate to high test anxiety, leading to reduced academic performance, poor self-esteem, and failure to complete the program and... (Review)
Review
Nursing students are reported to have moderate to high test anxiety, leading to reduced academic performance, poor self-esteem, and failure to complete the program and practice nursing. This review aims to examine the interventions for test anxiety reduction in nursing students. Following the PRISMA guidelines, peer-reviewed experimental studies published in English between 2016 and 2021 from four databases, EBSCOhost, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus, were systematically searched. The findings were presented in tabular and narrative form. Among the 722 studies retrieved, 14 selected studies were critically appraised, guided by the Joanna Briggs checklist for Randomized Controlled Trials and the checklist for Quasi-Experimental Studies, resulting in 11 studies for inclusion in the systematic review. Test anxiety was assessed by different scales. Aromatherapy hand massage, aromatherapy using a diffuser in combination with music therapy, confidence training for test relaxation, coping program, music therapy, emotional freedom technique, animal-assisted intervention, and guided imagery were all found to be effective in reducing test anxiety. In conclusion, while numerous interventions to reduce test anxiety in nursing students were found to be effective, the quality of the studies investigating these interventions was varied with generally small sample sizes and limited follow-up. Future research should be conducted, and the same interventions should be carried out using a larger sample size to strengthen the body of evidence.
Topics: Humans; Students, Nursing; Test Anxiety; Anxiety; Music Therapy; Adaptation, Psychological
PubMed: 36673999
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021233 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2021The aim of this review was to systematically synthesize the published literature describing the psychological and behavioral correlates of recreational running in...
The aim of this review was to systematically synthesize the published literature describing the psychological and behavioral correlates of recreational running in adults, defined as running for leisure, with or without a competitive component. Quantitative research published in peer-reviewed journals until January 2021 were included. Studies were identified through MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science and were included in this review if they (1) were aimed at recreational running, (2) included general adult samples (18 years or older, without a diagnosed medical condition or metabolic disorder), and (3) assessed psychological or behavioral correlates of recreational running. Fifty-six articles reporting 58 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included. There were 27 cross-sectional studies, 12 longitudinal studies, and 19 trials (8 non-controlled trials, 5 controlled trials, and 6 randomized controlled trials) ( = 37,501, 1877 years old, 43% women). Twenty-eight studies assessed antecedents of running behavior, and 25 studies used running behavior as treatment or predictor of a given effect or outcome. Four studies examined both predictors and outcomes of running. Thirty-one studies showed poor quality, while 20 had fair and 7 good quality. Motives were the most frequently studied antecedent of running behavior ( = 19), and results suggest that the highest-ranked or more prevalent motives were physical health, psychological motives, and personal achievement. Additionally, perceived control, attitude toward running, intention and subjective norms, self-efficacy, and social support may have also played a role in the adoption of recreational running. Moreover, improvements in mood ( = 10) and well-being ( = 10) were the most frequently reported positive outcomes of running. Reductions in depression, anxiety, and stress were also reported in included studies. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review on this topic. The identification of behavioral and psychological correlates of recreational running across populations can contribute to inform and guide a public policy agenda, focused on helping people sustain regular physical activity, through a modality they have chosen and appear to enjoy. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=68954, identifier: CRD42017068954.
PubMed: 34025501
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.624783 -
International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2022During the COVID-19 pandemic, many athletes from several sporting disciplines were infected with the SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the... (Review)
Review
During the COVID-19 pandemic, many athletes from several sporting disciplines were infected with the SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the current scientific evidence on the psychological sequelae and mental health of elite athletes who have been infected by the virus. The review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement; three databases were searched: PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Scopus. The initial search resulted in 2420 studies; after duplicate removal and screening by title and abstract, 41 articles were screened by full-text. A total of four eligible articles were included in the review. All included articles measured depression and anxiety in athletes who had suffered from COVID-19, while in three papers levels of stress were measured. Overall, the only two questionnaires used in more than one study were the DASS-21 and the APSQ. In our systematic review, we highlighted that mental and psychological health in elite athletes has the same importance as physical health. This statement suggests that these examinations should be introduced and performed during the competitive sports' medical examinations conducted at the start of the sporting season, which currently consists only of the examination of physical parameters. Due to lack of studies on the topic, the results of our review show that mental health in athletes with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection is an issue that requires more investigation, considering the evidence of clinical consequences. The importance of post-infection psychological sequelae is significant in assessing possible repercussions on the athletes' sporting performance.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Pandemics; Athletes; Sports
PubMed: 36554259
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416377 -
Brain Sciences Nov 2023Anxiety and stress plague populations worldwide. Voluntary regulated breathing practices offer a tool to address this epidemic. We examined peer-reviewed published... (Review)
Review
Anxiety and stress plague populations worldwide. Voluntary regulated breathing practices offer a tool to address this epidemic. We examined peer-reviewed published literature to understand effective approaches to and implementation of these practices. PubMed and ScienceDirect were searched to identify clinical trials evaluating isolated breathing-based interventions with psychometric stress/anxiety outcomes. Two independent reviewers conducted all screening and data extraction. Of 2904 unique articles, 731 abstracts, and 181 full texts screened, 58 met the inclusion criteria. Fifty-four of the studies' 72 interventions were effective. Components of effective and ineffective interventions were evaluated to develop a conceptual framework of factors associated with stress/anxiety reduction effectiveness. Effective breath practices avoided fast-only breath paces and sessions <5 min, while including human-guided training, multiple sessions, and long-term practice. Population, other breath paces, session duration ≥5 min, and group versus individual or at-home practices were not associated with effectiveness. Analysis of interventions that did not fit this framework revealed that extensive standing, interruptions, involuntary diaphragmatic obstruction, and inadequate training for highly technical practices may render otherwise promising interventions ineffective. Following this evidence-based framework can help maximize the stress/anxiety reduction benefits of breathing practices. Future research is warranted to further refine this easily accessible intervention for stress/anxiety relief.
PubMed: 38137060
DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121612 -
Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety 2021Inappropriate medication prescription is highly prevalent in older adults and is associated with adverse health outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Inappropriate medication prescription is highly prevalent in older adults and is associated with adverse health outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between potentially inappropriate medications (PIMS) and potential prescribing omissions with physical function in older adults situated in diverse environments.
METHODS
A systematic search was completed using the following databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE and COCHRANE. Results were extracted from the included studies.
RESULTS
In total, 55 studies reported on 2,767,594 participants with a mean age of 77.1 years (63.5% women). Study designs comprised 26 retrospective cohort studies, 21 prospective cohort studies and 8 cross-sectional studies. Inappropriate medications in community and hospital settings were significantly associated with higher risk of falls (21 out of 30 studies), higher risk of fractures (7 out of 9 studies), impaired activities of daily living (ADL; 8 out of 10 studies) and impaired instrumental ADL (IADL) score (4 out of 6 studies). Five out of seven studies also showed that PIMs were associated with poorer physical performance comprising the Timed Up and Go test, walking speed, grip strength, time to functional recovery, functional independence and scale of functioning. Many medication classes were implicated as PIMs in falls, fractures and impairment in physical performance including antipsychotic, sedative, anti-anxiety, anticholinergic, antidiabetic, opioid and antihypertensive medications. For patients not receiving musculoskeletal medications, such as calcium, vitamin D and bisphosphonates, older adults were found to be at risk of a hospital admission for a fall or fracture.
CONCLUSION
Inappropriate medication prescriptions are associated with impaired physical function across longitudinal and cross-sectional studies in older adults situated in diverse settings. It is important to support older people to reduce their use of inappropriate medications and prevent prescribing omissions.
PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY
The use of inappropriate medications is very common in older adults and is associated with harmful health problems. The aim was to examine associations between potentially inappropriate medications and potential prescribing omissions with physical function in older adults situated in diverse environments. Library databases were examined for possible studies to include and a systematic search was completed. Relevant information was obtained from the included studies. In total, 55 studies reported on 2,767,594 participants who were an average age of 77.1 years and about 6 out of 10 were women. A variety of different study designs were used. Inappropriate medication prescriptions in community and hospital settings were significantly associated with higher risk of falls (21 out of 30 studies), higher risk of fractures (7 out of 9 studies), problems with activities of daily living (ADL), such as eating, bathing, dressing, grooming, walking and toileting (8 out of 10 studies) and problems with instrumental ADL such as managing medications, house cleaning and shopping (4 out of 6 studies). Five out of seven studies also showed that inappropriate medications were associated with poorer physical performance involving the Timed Up and Go test, walking speed, grip strength, time to functional recovery, functional independence and scale of functioning. Many types of medication classes were shown to be associated with a risk of falls, fractures and problems with physical performance. Omitted medications were also associated with falls and fractures. Inappropriate medication prescriptions are associated with problems relating to physical function. It is important to support older people to reduce their use of inappropriate medications and prevent prescribing omissions.
PubMed: 34349978
DOI: 10.1177/20420986211030371 -
International Wound Journal Oct 2023Burn injuries, as a major public health problem, can lead to high morbidity and mortality. Burns is considered as one of the most devastating injuries globally and the... (Review)
Review
Burn injuries, as a major public health problem, can lead to high morbidity and mortality. Burns is considered as one of the most devastating injuries globally and the fourth most common injury after traffic accidents, falls and interpersonal violence. Burn injuries can affect human life, such as physical and mental health, functional skills, and performance. Changes in appearance, social isolation, stress, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, unemployment, financial burden and family problems can occur in these patients. These burn complications can be exacerbated without adequate social support. This systematic review evaluated burn patients' social support and related factors. A systematic search was performed on the international electronic databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex, and Scientific Information Database using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as 'Burns', 'Social support', 'Perceived social support' and 'Social care' from the earliest to 30 April 2022. The quality of the included studies in this review was assessed using the appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies (AXIS tool). A total of 1677 burn patients were included in this review from 12 studies. Mean score of social support in burn patients based on multidimensional scale of perceived social support, Phillips's social support questionnaire, social support questionnaire, social support scale and Norbeck social support questionnaire were 5.04 (SD = 1.59) of 7, 22.06 (SD = 3.05), 78.20 (SD = 15.00) of 95, 82.24 (SD = 13.70) and 4.14 (SD = 0.99), respectively. Factors such as income, educational attainment, burn surface area, reconstructive surgery, quality of life, self-esteem, socialisation, posttraumatic growth, spirituality, and ego resilience had a significant positive relationship with social support of burns patients. Social support in patients with burn had a significant negative relationship with factors such as psychological distress, having children, life satisfaction, neuroticism and post-traumatic stress disorder. Overall, patients with burns had moderate levels of social support. Therefore, it is recommended that health policymakers and managers make it easier for burn patients to adapt to burns by providing psychological intervention programs and the social support needed by burn patients.
Topics: Humans; Burns; Cross-Sectional Studies; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Quality of Life; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
PubMed: 36960557
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14166 -
The Primary Care Companion For CNS... Jun 2023Internet addiction disorder (IAD) is associated with psychological, physical, and social problems, including impaired academic performance. The objective of this review...
Internet addiction disorder (IAD) is associated with psychological, physical, and social problems, including impaired academic performance. The objective of this review was to investigate the relationship between IAD and psychiatric disorders in medical students. A search of PubMed, LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Science Direct was performed using the following keywords: OR OR OR OR AND AND OR OR OR OR AND . Articles were selected and extracted from the online databases. Articles were included if they were available in English, French, Spanish, and Portuguese; addressed IAD and psychiatric disorders; contained original data; and provided sufficient data for the calculation of effect sizes. Included articles were published between March 2012 and March 2022. The correlations between internet addiction and depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep disorders were estimated using R software and the dmetar package with meta-analytic procedures. A total of 2,226 studies were identified, including 23 studies (21,582) that were eligible for inclusion in this systematic review. All articles were about medical students. There was a small positive correlation between IAD and sleep disorders ( = .0515). There was a moderate correlation between anxiety ( = .022), depression ( = .0002), and stress ( = .0322) and IAD. IAD is comorbid with psychiatric diseases, and this correlation was observed in this review. We suggest early identification and management of IAD, as it results in unfavorable mental health outcomes and impacts the work performance of medical students and physicians. .
Topics: Humans; Internet Addiction Disorder; Students, Medical; Mental Disorders; Anxiety; Sleep Wake Disorders
PubMed: 37310317
DOI: 10.4088/PCC.22r03384