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Journal of Oral Biology and... 2023Gingival Recession (GR) is defined as the displacement of the soft tissue margin apical to the cementoenamel junction which can lead to root exposure and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Gingival Recession (GR) is defined as the displacement of the soft tissue margin apical to the cementoenamel junction which can lead to root exposure and hypersensitivity. Treatment of GR has become an important therapeutic issue due to the increasing number of cosmetic requests from patients. Several techniques exist for the management of GR that include Sub-Epithelial Connective Tissue Graft (SECTG), Pedicle Graft (lateral and coronal), and Free Gingival Graft (FGG) and more. FGG is a non-submerged grafting procedure carried out for the management of recession defects. However, FGG has limitations like aesthetic mismatch and bulky appearance. A relatively newer modification of FGG was introduced by Allen in 2004 wherein a palatal graft including the marginal gingiva and interdental tissue was used as donor tissue for recession coverage. This review aims to study and compare the use of Gingival Unit Graft/Transfer (GUG/GUT) (palatal graft including the marginal gingiva and papillae) and FGG in the management of GR.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Randomized Clinical Trials, Non-Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials for the treatment of Miller Class I,II, and III of GRs by GUG with FGG were identified. Data sources included electronic databases and hand-searched journals. The primary outcome variables were complete root coverage, mean root coverage, vertical recession depth. The secondary outcome variables were keratinized tissue width gain, clinical attachment level and probing depth.
RESULTS
Three Randomized Control Trials (RCTs) met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated in this systematic review. Both techniques showed significant improvement in clinical parameters. GUG procedure resulted in a greater percentage of sites achieving complete root coverage and vertical recession depth reduction when compared to FGG group in all the studies. Two studies reported significantly greater mean root coverage in GUG group compared to FGG group. GUG procedure revealed statistically significant greater gain in keratinized tissue width when compared to FGG group in all the studies.
CONCLUSION
Because of the limited number of selected studies, no conclusive statement could be made regarding the advantage of the GUG technique over FGG. However, the percentage of sites with complete root coverage obtained in the GUG technique is higher than FGG. More RCTs with aesthetic and patient satisfaction-related parameters are needed to provide definite evidence.
PubMed: 36578558
DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.11.007 -
Dental Research Journal 2021Since the symptoms of child abuse and neglect often manifest in the orofacial region, the dental team has a key role in identifying children subjected to abuse. This... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Since the symptoms of child abuse and neglect often manifest in the orofacial region, the dental team has a key role in identifying children subjected to abuse. This study was aimed to explore the prevalence of failure to take history as a barrier to reporting child abuse by dentist around the world.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Cochrane, and ISI databases were searched for the cross-sectional articles in English languages on barriers to reporting child abuse and lack of knowledge about referral procedures by dentists since 1985 using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). The full-texts of all included articles were obtained and assessed for quality according to Newcastle-Ottawa Scale adapted for cross-sectional studies. The qualified articles were then studied thoroughly and results were extracted. Data were analyzed by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software using meta-analysis and random effects model. Heterogeneity was determined by Q-test and I-square index.
RESULTS
A total of 17 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of lack of knowledge about referral procedures as a barrier was determined according to the meta-analysis of the number of relevant articles and was (55%, confidence interval: 0.48, 0.62).
CONCLUSION
The analysis of various studies revealed lack of information about referral procedures as an important barrier to report child abuse by dentists.
PubMed: 34429861
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of International Society of... 2020The objective of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices among dental teaching institutions and private practitioners in Asian countries. (Review)
Review
A Systematic Review to Evaluate Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Biomedical Waste Management among Dental Teaching Institutions and Private Practitioners in Asian Countries.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices among dental teaching institutions and private practitioners in Asian countries.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Systematic review of observational studies on BMW management was conducted. We searched the following electronic bibliographic databases: PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar. Manual search was carried out for similar topics in the National Medical Library, New Delhi. In addition, the bibliographies were manually searched. There was no disagreement between the two reviewers. This review was reported and conducted in step with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Only studies written in English and published until November 2019 were included. This review was registered in International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO registration number is CRD42019124900).
RESULTS
In this review, of 678 articles, 24 articles met inclusion criteria. Available scientific studies showed that knowledge regarding BMW management guidelines varied from 33% to 100% among dentists. Most of the studies reported that knowledge and practice regarding segregation of BMW was limited. Most of the study subjects were aware of hazardous effects of amalgam and had amalgam separator. Studies done in Chennai and Karnataka, approximately one-third dentists were not following BMW guidelines for sharp management and most of them were disposing of sharps in general waste bins.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of the current evidence and data extracted from the various databases, it can be concluded that knowledge regarding BMW management guidelines among dentists is inadequate and practice regarding the same is poor. Regular training sessions and Continuing Dental Education (CDE) on BMW management guidelines and updates need to be organized for improvement of knowledge and practice regarding BMW among dentists.
PubMed: 33282760
DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_157_20 -
Journal of Education and Health... 2021Oral health practitioners are at the frontline of infection, particularly with respiratory viruses such as the novel coronavirus. Knowledge, awareness, and attitude of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Oral health practitioners are at the frontline of infection, particularly with respiratory viruses such as the novel coronavirus. Knowledge, awareness, and attitude of these workers are considered important in preventing and controlling the outbreak. This study aims to review the literature to provide a better understanding of the status of dentists and other oral health practitioners' knowledge, attitude, and awareness about COVID-19.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted through Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest up to May 6, 2020. All the knowledge, attitude, and practice studies on oral health workers about respiratory contagious outbreak the same as severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and COVID-19 were included in the meta-analysis.
RESULTS
A total of eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis. 85.5% of the dentists and oral health practitioners had a high level of awareness about virus transmission modes (95% confidence interval [CI]: 78.6%-92.4%; < 0.001). 80.7% of the oral health practitioners gave right answers to the questions related to virus transmission modes (95% CI: 69.9%-91.4%; < 0.001), and 79.9% of the dentists had a positive attitude about virus transmission modes (95% CI: 66.4%-93.4%; < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis shows that the level of dentists and oral health practitioners' knowledge, awareness, and attitude was relatively high about the respiratory contagious diseases as well as COVID-19. The present results can shed further light for policymakers to support the best evidence medical education for all health-care workers the same as oral health practitioners. Preventing the dissemination of misinformation along with preparing comprehensive guidelines can be considered by the oral health policymakers, particularly in the more infected regions.
PubMed: 33688548
DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_939_20 -
Brazilian Oral Research Mar 2018This study aimed to compare the longevity of different conventional restorative materials placed in posterior primary teeth. This systematic review was conducted... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis Review
This study aimed to compare the longevity of different conventional restorative materials placed in posterior primary teeth. This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA statement and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42016035775). A comprehensive electronic search without date or language restrictions was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Turning Research Into Practice (TRIP) and Clinical Trials databases up to January 2017, selecting randomized clinical trials that assessed the longevity of at least two different conventional restorative materials performed in primary molars. Seventeen studies were included in this systematic review. Pairwise and network meta-analyses were performed and relative risks and 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated. Two reviewers independently selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias. Restorations of primary molars with conventional glass ionomer cement showed increased risk of failure than compomer, resin-modified glass ionomer cement, amalgam, and composite resin. Risk of bias was low in most studies (45.38% of all items across studies). Pediatric dentists should avoid conventional glass ionomer cement for restoring primary molars.
Topics: Dental Caries; Dental Materials; Dental Restoration Failure; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Humans; Network Meta-Analysis; Publication Bias; Risk Assessment; Tooth, Deciduous; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29513886
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0010 -
Journal of Education and Health... 2023Appropriate oral health education (OHE) plays a vital role in prevention of oral diseases and would bridge the gap between dentists and visually impaired individuals.... (Review)
Review
Unleashing the most effective oral health education intervention technique for improving the oral hygiene status and oral health knowledge in visually impaired young individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Appropriate oral health education (OHE) plays a vital role in prevention of oral diseases and would bridge the gap between dentists and visually impaired individuals. Hence, this systematic review was planned with an aim to evaluate effectiveness of various OHE techniques on the oral hygiene status and oral health knowledge of visually impaired young individuals. An electronic search extended to September 30, 2020 was conducted on PubMed, Wiley, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Cochrane library, EBSCO, and Google Scholar. Two independent reviewers assessed the studies using a two-stage process; data were extracted according to PRISMA statement. Risk of bias assessment of selected studies was executed according to the study designs. Meta-analysis using the random-effects model was conducted for the outcomes for all oral health education techniques using STATASE 16.1 software. Hand and electronic search identified 3829 articles. After screening for titles and duplicates, 37 articles were retrieved, which were screened through abstract and full text. Of the 37 articles, 17 articles were included for qualitative synthesis, and out of that, 13 were for meta-analysis. Ten variations in oral health education (OHE) techniques were used in the included 17 studies to impart oral health education to visually impaired young individuals. Overall, all OHE techniques demonstrated a positive impact on oral hygiene status. The pooled overall cumulative mean difference of the oral hygiene status after imparting education in ATP, Audio, and Braille was 1.33 [1.06, 1.59], 1.76 [1.11, 2.42], and 1.96 [1.40, 2.55], respectively. An appropriate OHE technique boosts confidence in visually impaired young individuals, making the learning process an enjoyable experience. Use of either Braille or the ATP OHE technique was found to be a reliable and useful method to improve oral hygiene of visually impaired young individuals.
PubMed: 37034845
DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_419_22 -
Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic... Dec 2022The aim of this updated version of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the association of PD with lipid profile.
PURPOSE
The aim of this updated version of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the association of PD with lipid profile.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search was done in electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus until August 2021. Cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies investigating the relationship between PD and lipid profile were included. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by two investigators. A random-effect model was used to pool the effect size. Odds ratio (OR) was used as effect size for the association of PD with Hyperlipidemia, and SMD was used for the association of PD with the mean level of lipid profile.
RESULTS
Overall, 34 documents met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review, and 31 were included for the meta-analysis. Sixteen studies were cross-sectional, 16 case-control, and two cohorts. Results of the random effect model showed that PD increased the odds of dyslipidemia by 15% (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.26). The Association of PD with low HDL, high LDL, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesteremia was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The mean level of HDL in patients with PD was significantly lower than in subjects without PD (SMD: -0.69, 95% CI: -1.11, -0.26). Moreover, the mean level of LDL, TC, TG in patients with PD was significantly higher than in subjects without PD (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
This meta-analysis suggests that periodontitis is associated with an increased odds of dyslipidemia. Therefore, treating periodontitis may improve dyslipidemia, particularly HDL and triglyceride levels.
PubMed: 36404817
DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01071-7 -
Dental and Medical Problems 2022The education of dentists is associated with high levels of stress among students. This phenomenon is observed in many countries. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The education of dentists is associated with high levels of stress among students. This phenomenon is observed in many countries.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of the study was to sum up the knowledge about stress burden among dental students and to determine the causal factors on the basis of a quantitative systematic review of the literature.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases were reviewed, and the literature was manually searched for the following keywords: 'stress'; 'dental student'; 'dental education'; and 'DES questionnaire'. The inclusion criteria for the systematic literature review were original papers and literature reviews, published after 1990, written in English, containing the analysis of the DES questionnaires, and on the topic of stress among students of dentistry. The inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis were publications with the same thematic structure of the DES questionnaire and with the number of survey participants provided.
RESULTS
A total of 36 original papers were found, out of which 29 met the inclusion criteria, and thus were included into the systematic literature review analysis. Taking all the papers into consideration, the highest level of stress was caused by grades and examinations, and the atmosphere created by clinical professors. Nearly half of the studies demonstrated higher levels of stress in women. Also, students of higher years were characterized by higher stress indicators. The statistical analysis comprised data from 11 European universities that met the inclusion criteria. The highest mean scores were obtained for 'performance pressure', while the lowest mean scores for 'relationship with sex/race'.
CONCLUSION
There was a great heterogeneity among the pooled estimates, which could be attributed to the varying levels of stress among dental students. The students' ethnicity and cultural indicators have a decisive influence on the stress levels of dental students, not the characteristics of the field of study.
Topics: Female; Humans; Stress, Psychological; Students, Dental; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 35789546
DOI: 10.17219/dmp/133955 -
Dentistry Journal Apr 2023Treatment of unilateral or bilateral maxillary lateral incisor agenesis is challenging, time-consuming, expensive, and requires careful treatment planning,... (Review)
Review
Esthetic Perception of Different Clinical Situations of Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis According to Populations with Dental and Non-Dental Backgrounds: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Treatment of unilateral or bilateral maxillary lateral incisor agenesis is challenging, time-consuming, expensive, and requires careful treatment planning, predictability, and esthetics. This review aimed to identify differences in esthetic perception among orthodontists, general dentists, differentiated dentists, and laypersons, which may interfere with treatment options. EBSCO, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library databases, and Google Scholar were searched using keyword pairing and a Boolean expression, "(congenitally missing OR agenesis OR hypodontia) AND (maxillary lateral incisors) AND (esthetic perception OR smile) AND (laypersons OR dental professional OR general dentist OR orthodontists)." Reviews and case studies were excluded. A total of 13 studies were selected for qualitative analysis (adapted ROBINS-I) and 11 were selected for meta-analysis ( < 0.05) after being sub-grouped into "Opening vs. Closure" and "No remodeling vs. Dental remodeling vs. Dental and gingival remodeling" groups. A meta-analysis evaluated the magnitude of the difference between groups based on differences in means and effect sizes (α = 0.05; 95% CI; Z-value 1.96), revealing that the esthetic perception of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis treatment remains controversial even among professionals. Gingival remodeling was not valued compared to isolated dental remodeling. Studies lack rigorously comparable methodologies. Discussion with the patient is pertinent in doubtful situations, as the best treatment option remains unclear, and overtreatment should be avoided.
PubMed: 37185483
DOI: 10.3390/dj11040105 -
Journal of Dentistry Nov 2020To review leadership for dentists in patient facing, primary care dental practice. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To review leadership for dentists in patient facing, primary care dental practice.
METHODS
A three stage systematic review with narrative synthesis included stage 1: a scoping overview of management and leadership policy context; stage 2: systematic review of review of leadership in healthcare; and stage 3: systematic focused review of leadership in patient-facing dental practice.
RESULTS
The healthcare literature mirrors the generic literature in relation to the temporal evolution of leadership theories. Policy papers influence healthcare literature, though these are generally written by independent bodies, link solely to medical publications, and are often commissioned from the grand strategic level thereby grounding them in a politicised system. The healthcare leadership literature offers few studies at the operational (patient care) level of leadership, with none of these focused explicitly on dentistry and dental practice. Numerous aims, definitions, models, conceptualisations, and links to theories of leadership are reported. The stage 1 literature demonstrates more contemporaneous ideas of leadership, while the dental practice literature is too often grounded in outdated concepts and theories.
CONCLUSIONS
The overarching trend is from leaders to leadership; with no unified definition, model, theory, concept nor aim recognised. The fundamental importance of specific context and the reaction of others to leadership is reinforced. Leadership theories aligned to healthcare include Engaging, Authentic, Collective and the Transformational-Transactional continuum. Leadership is a dynamic, socially constructed process, only occurring in a group setting. Consisting of multiple moderating variables that demonstrate reciprocal influence on one another, these influences are neither equal nor stable. (246 words) CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Leadership is embedded in regulatory guidance and standards relating to general dental practice. It is therefore crucial to have an evidenced based understanding of what leadership means in this context, and what further work is necessary to support clinicians in the leadership domain.
Topics: Delivery of Health Care; General Practice, Dental; Humans; Leadership
PubMed: 32961259
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103480