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Chinese Medical Journal Jun 2017The aim is to update our clinical recommendations for evidence-based language rehabilitation of people with aphasia, based on a systematic review of the literature from... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim is to update our clinical recommendations for evidence-based language rehabilitation of people with aphasia, based on a systematic review of the literature from 1999 to 2015.
DATA SOURCES
Articles referred to in this systematic review of the Medline and PubMed published in English language literatures were from 1998 to 2015. The terms used in the literature searches were aphasia and evidenced-based.
STUDY SELECTION
The task force initially identified citations for 51 published articles. Of the 51 articles, 44 studies were selected after further detailed review. Six articles, which were not written in English, and one study related to laryngectomy rehabilitation interventions, were excluded from the study. This study referred to all the important and English literature in full.
RESULTS
Aphasia is the linguistic disability, which usually results from injuries to the dominant hemisphere of the brain. The rehabilitation of aphasia is until in the process of being debated and researched. Evidence-based medicine (EBM), EBM based on the clinical evidence, promotes the practice of combining the clinicians' first-hand experience and the existing objective and scientific evidence encouraging making decisions based on both empirical evidence and the scientific evidence. Currently, EBM is being gradually implemented in the clinical practice as the aim of the development of modern medicine.
CONCLUSIONS
At present, the research for the aphasia rehabilitation mainly focuses on the cognitive language rehabilitation and the intensive treatment and the precise treatment, etc. There is now sufficient information to support evidence-based protocols and implement empirically-supported treatments for linguistic disability after traumatic brain injury and stroke, which can be used to develop linguistic rehabilitation guidelines for patients with aphasia.
Topics: Aphasia; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans
PubMed: 28584214
DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.207465 -
European Review For Medical and... Jan 2021Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), are chronic, relapsing intestinal disorders that may severely compromise...
OBJECTIVE
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), are chronic, relapsing intestinal disorders that may severely compromise patients' labour force participation. In this context, the present review aims to provide an overview on possible IBD pathological, socio-demographic, and treatment-related factors predictive for work disability with the purpose to provide guidance for a successful clinical and occupational management.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases was performed to retrieve all the studies addressing IBD-related predictors for work disability.
RESULTS
Several factors have been suggested to predict work disability in the 15 revised investigations, although with not homogeneous results. Having CD was reported as a significantly better predictor for permanent work disability compared to UC, maybe in relation to the generally more serious disease course. Activity and severity of IBD, also indicated by the need for surgical treatment and comorbidities, was related to a significantly greater risk for work disability, although the exact role of other variables, i.e., specific symptoms, disease pattern and inflammatory parameters are still unclear. Among demographic factors, a significant predictive role has been suggested for female gender.
CONCLUSIONS
Further research seems necessary to confirm the role of IBD related factors on work disability, and on other parameters of work impairment, i.e., absenteeism, presenteeism, activity and productivity loss. Additionally, work disability should be evaluated in relation to specific occupational risk factors. Overall, this may require a multidisciplinary approach aimed to achieve an adequate IBD clinical evaluation and management, an improvement of patients' psychosocial and professional well-being, while appropriately assessing and managing risks in the workplace.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Risk Factors
PubMed: 33506905
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202101_24382 -
Aging & Mental Health 2016To conduct a systematic review of studies that examined associations between physical illness/functional disability and suicidal behaviour (including ideation, nonfatal... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To conduct a systematic review of studies that examined associations between physical illness/functional disability and suicidal behaviour (including ideation, nonfatal and fatal suicidal behaviour) among individuals aged 65 and older.
METHOD
Articles published through November 2014 were identified through electronic searches using the ERIC, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Scopus databases. Search terms used were suicid* or death wishes or deliberate self-harm. Studies about suicidal behaviour in individuals aged 65 and older with physical illness/functional disabilities were included in the review.
RESULTS
Sixty-five articles (across 61 independent samples) met inclusion criteria. Results from 59 quantitative studies conducted in four continents suggest that suicidal behaviour is associated with functional disability and numerous specific conditions including malignant diseases, neurological disorders, pain, COPD, liver disease, male genital disorders, and arthritis/arthrosis. Six qualitative studies from three continents contextualized these findings, providing insights into the subjective experiences of suicidal individuals. Implications for interventions and future research are discussed.
CONCLUSION
Functional disability, as well as a number of specific physical illnesses, was shown to be associated with suicidal behaviour in older adults. We need to learn more about what at-risk, physically ill patients want, and need, to inform prevention efforts for older adults.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Aged; Chronic Disease; Disabled Persons; Female; Humans; Male; Quality of Life; Risk Factors; Self-Injurious Behavior; Social Environment; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide
PubMed: 26381843
DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2015.1083945 -
Developmental Medicine and Child... May 2019The aim of this review was to synthesize empirical evidence of family factors associated with participation of children with disabilities aged 5 to 12 years to inform... (Review)
Review
AIM
The aim of this review was to synthesize empirical evidence of family factors associated with participation of children with disabilities aged 5 to 12 years to inform the development of family-centred participation-fostering interventions.
METHOD
A systematic search was performed for articles published in English between 2001 and 2017 in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, and ASSIA following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Quality of evidence was appraised using the Research Triangle Institute Item Bank. Family factors associated with participation were identified and assessed using a multistage 'semi-quantitative' approach.
RESULTS
Thirty studies were included in the review. Four non-modifiable 'status' factors consistently associated with participation were parental ethnicity, parental education, family type, and family socio-economic status. Six modifiable 'process' factors with consistent associations with participation were parental mental and physical health functioning, parental self-efficacy beliefs, parental support, parental time, family preferences, and activity orientation.
INTERPRETATION
Rehabilitation professionals should direct their focus towards modifiable family factors as primary targets for family-centred interventions. Strategies that can improve families' access to information, counselling, and community support services are likely to support children's participation by empowering families and optimizing their health and well-being.
WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS
Non-modifiable 'status' and modifiable 'process' factors are important in participation of children with disabilities. Disadvantaged family circumstances shaped by status factors are associated with reduced participation. Key process factors for intervention are parental mental and physical health and parental self-efficacy beliefs. Other important process factors for intervention are parental support and time, family preferences, and activity orientation.
Topics: Child; Child of Impaired Parents; Child, Preschool; Databases, Factual; Disabled Children; Family; Humans; Parents; Patient Education as Topic; Social Class
PubMed: 30613957
DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14133 -
Journal of General Internal Medicine Oct 2021Back pain is the most common cause of disability worldwide. While disability generally is associated with greater mortality, the association between back pain and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Back pain is the most common cause of disability worldwide. While disability generally is associated with greater mortality, the association between back pain and mortality is unclear. Our objective was to examine whether back pain is associated with increased mortality risk and whether this association varies by age, sex, and back pain severity.
METHODS
A systematic search of published literature was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases from inception through March 2019. We included English-language prospective cohort studies evaluating the association of back pain with all-cause mortality with follow-up periods >5 years. Three reviewers independently screened studies, abstracted data, and appraised risk of bias using the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool. A random-effects meta-analysis estimated combined odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), using the most adjusted model from each study. Potential effect modification by a priori hypothesized factors (age, sex, and back pain severity) was evaluated with meta-regression and stratified estimates.
RESULTS
We identified eleven studies with 81,337 participants. Follow-up periods ranged from 5 to 23 years. The presence of any back pain, compared to none, was not associated with an increase in mortality (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.16). However, back pain was associated with mortality in studies of women (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.46) and among adults with more severe back pain (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.40).
CONCLUSION
Back pain was associated with a modest increase in all-cause mortality among women and those with more severe back pain.
Topics: Adult; Back Pain; Cohort Studies; Disabled Persons; Female; Humans; Prognosis; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 33876379
DOI: 10.1007/s11606-021-06732-6 -
JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting Oct 2018Children and youth with disabilities experience many challenges in their development, including higher risk of poor self-esteem, fewer friendships, and social isolation.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Children and youth with disabilities experience many challenges in their development, including higher risk of poor self-esteem, fewer friendships, and social isolation. Electronic mentoring is a potentially viable approach for youth with disabilities to access social and peer support within a format that reduces physical barriers to accessing mentors.
OBJECTIVE
Our objective was to synthesize and review the literature on the impact of electronic mentoring for children and youth with disabilities.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review, completing comprehensive searches of 7 databases from 1993 to May 2018. We selected articles for inclusion that were peer-reviewed publications, had a sample of children or youth with disabilities (≤25 years of age), and had empirical findings with at least one outcome focusing on the impact of electronic mentoring. Two reviewers independently applied the inclusion criteria, extracted the data, and rated the study quality before discussing the findings.
RESULTS
In the 25 studies meeting our inclusion criteria, 897 participants (aged 12-26, mean 17.4 years) were represented across 6 countries. Although the outcomes varied across the studies, of 11 studies testing significance, 9 (81%) reported a significant improvement in at least one of the following: career decision making, self-determination, self-advocacy, self-confidence, self-management, social skills, attitude toward disability, and coping with daily life. The electronic mentoring interventions varied in their delivery format and involved 1 or more of the following: interactive websites, virtual environment, email, mobile apps, Skype video calls, and phone calls. A total of 13 studies involved one-to-one mentoring, 6 had group-based mentoring, and 6 had a combination of both.
CONCLUSIONS
The evidence in this review suggests it is possible that electronic mentoring is effective for children and youth with disabilities. More rigorously designed studies are needed to understand the impact and effective components of electronic mentoring interventions.
PubMed: 31518310
DOI: 10.2196/11679 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2022Disability is an important problem in aging societies globally. However, the research findings of the prevalence of disability have been inconsistent. This study aims to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Disability is an important problem in aging societies globally. However, the research findings of the prevalence of disability have been inconsistent. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of disability and its influencing factors among the Chinese older population from 1979 to 31 July 2021.
METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using both international (PubMed, Web of Science, CBMdisc, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE) and Chinese (CNKI, CQVIP, and WanFang) databases. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to account for heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were also done.
RESULTS
The pooled prevalence of disability across all 97 studies was 26.2% (95% CI: 23.7-28.6%). The estimates varied according to the types of activities of daily living (ADL), gender, age, and region. Studies based on the identification of cases by using the complete ADL scale showed a higher prevalence than those using the basic ADL scale. The prevalence was slightly higher among female older individuals than among male older individuals. The highest rates were seen in older individuals aged 80 years or older. Elders in central China, southwest China, and northwest China were more likely to be BADL-disabled.
CONCLUSION
Prevalence of disability among the Chinese older population is high, around 26%. Using standardized diagnostic systems to correctly estimate the prevalence of disability would be helpful for public health professionals in China.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asian People; China; Disabled Persons; Female; Humans; Male; Prevalence
PubMed: 35162679
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031656 -
Iranian Journal of Public Health Sep 2022Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients experience a variety of disease caused disabilities that makes them more vulnerable to the effects of disasters. This study aimed to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients experience a variety of disease caused disabilities that makes them more vulnerable to the effects of disasters. This study aimed to review all existed studies about disasters and related disaster management planning about MS patients.
METHODS
The PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, ProQuest, science direct , and grey literature databases were searched up to the mid of 2021. All obtained titles were assessed by the inclusion criteria. Abstracts of the relevant titles were reviewed and eligible articles/documents were included for full text review and data abstraction.
RESULTS
From 24616 Articles/documents, finally 15 documents (13 articles, and 2 books) were selected. In 8 articles (53%) specifically, focused on MS patients and, in the rest focused on them as a member of people with disabilities. Most studies (10, 71.4%), emphasized on the disaster induced stress effect on MS patients. In two books/book sections, the disaster preparedness plan for all types of disabilities was presented in general, and MS patients were mentioned as a member of the group of patients with disabilities.
CONCLUSION
Despite the importance of planning in response to disasters to address specific problems of MS patients, there is a lack of proper planning. This is very important and there is an urgent need to develop appropriate planning protocols for addressing the special conditions of MS patients in response to disasters.
PubMed: 36743361
DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v51i9.10549 -
Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine Aug 2018Rehabilitation services are increasingly targeting involvement in daily life. In the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health this is referred... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Rehabilitation services are increasingly targeting involvement in daily life. In the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health this is referred to as "participation". How-ever, questions have arisen regarding the conceptualization of participation, and consensus is lacking.
METHODS
The first phase of this study is a critical review of the literature to detect recurring conceptual problems in the application of participation and how researchers deal with these. The second phase is a systematic review to identify how participation measures are operationalized.
RESULTS
The critical review found possible solutions to 4 recurring key limitations: (i) how to deal with ambiguity and vagueness regarding the term "participation"; (ii) how to differentiate between activity and participation; (iii) what is the current empirical knowledge about the subjective aspects of participation; (iv) what are the different ways to measure participation. The systematic review found 18 instruments operationalizing participation in different ways: (i) unidimensional: frequency of performing activities; (ii) unidimensional: limitations in experiencing participation when performing activities; (iii) multidimensional: multiple subjective dimensions when performing activities; and (iv) multidimensional: objective and subjective dimensions.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
Notwithstanding an increasing body of knowledge, some issues remain unclear and how participation is measured is subject to debate. This results in difficulties in the use of participation in clinical practice. However, insight into the current body of knowledge and awareness of shortcomings might help clinicians who aim to apply participation in practice.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Disability Evaluation; Disabled Persons; Humans
PubMed: 29944165
DOI: 10.2340/16501977-2363 -
Cancer Treatment Reviews Dec 2017People with cancer frequently report limitation in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs); essential activities required to live independently within society. Although... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
People with cancer frequently report limitation in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs); essential activities required to live independently within society. Although several studies have assessed ADL related disability, variability in assessment, setting, and population means evidence is difficult to interpret. We aimed to determine the prevalence of ADL related disability, overall and by setting, and the most commonly affected ADLs in people living with cancer.
METHODS
We searched twelve databases to June 2016 for observational studies assessing ADL disability in adults with cancer. Data on study design, population, ADL instruments and disability (difficulty with or requiring assistance in ≥1 activity) were extracted, summarised, and pooled to estimate disability prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) overall and by setting.
RESULTS
Forty-three studies comprising 19,246 patients were included. Overall, 36.7% (95% CI 29.8-44.3, 18 studies) and 54.6% (95% CI 46.5-62.3, 15 studies) of patients respectively reported disability relating to basic and instrumental ADLs. Disability was marginally more prevalent in inpatient compared to outpatient settings. The Katz Index (18 studies) and Lawton IADL Scale (11 studies) were the most commonly used instruments. Across the activities studied, the most frequently affected basic ADLs were personal hygiene, walking and transfers, and instrumental ADLs were housework, shopping and transportation.
CONCLUSIONS
About one-third and half of adults with cancer respectively have difficulty or require assistance to perform basic and instrumental ADLs. These findings highlight the need for rehabilitation focused on functional independence, and underscore the importance of professionals skilled in occupational assessment and therapy within cancer services.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Disability Evaluation; Disabled Persons; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasms
PubMed: 29125982
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.10.006