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International Wound Journal Jun 2016Growth factor (GF) therapy has shown promise in treating a variety of refractory wounds. However, evidence supporting its routine use in burn injury remains uncertain.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Growth factor (GF) therapy has shown promise in treating a variety of refractory wounds. However, evidence supporting its routine use in burn injury remains uncertain. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis assessing randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate efficacy and safety of GFs in the management of partial-thickness burns. Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed and the Cochrane databases. Endpoint results analysed included wound healing and scar formation. Thirteen studies comprising a total of 1924 participants with 2130 wounds (1131 GF receiving patients versus 999 controls) were identified and included, evaluating the effect of fibroblast growth factor (FGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on partial-thickness burns. Topical application of these agents significantly reduced healing time by 5·02 (95% confidence interval, 2·62 to 7·42), 3·12 (95% CI, 1·11 to 5·13) and 5·1 (95% CI, 4·02 to 6·18) days, respectively, compared with standard wound care alone. In addition, scar improvement following therapy with FGF and EGF was evident in terms of pigmentation, pliability, height and vascularity. No significant increase in adverse events was observed in patients receiving GFs. These results suggested that GF therapy could be an effective and safe add-on to standard wound care for partial-thickness burns. High-quality, adequately powered trials are needed to further confirm the conclusion.
Topics: Burns; Cicatrix; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Humans; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Wound Healing
PubMed: 25040572
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12313 -
Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &... Feb 2023Treatment indications of congenital melanocytic naevi (CMN) have shifted from the prevention of malignant transformation more towards the improvement of appearance and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Treatment indications of congenital melanocytic naevi (CMN) have shifted from the prevention of malignant transformation more towards the improvement of appearance and psychosocial health. Surgical excision is often preferred, but its safety and effectiveness remain unclear.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the outcomes of surgical excision of medium-to-giant CMN.
PRIMARY OUTCOME
safety (complications).
SECONDARY OUTCOME
effectiveness (satisfaction and CMN core outcomes).
METHODS
PubMed, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were searched for studies on the excision of medium-to-giant CMN and/or CMN requiring reconstruction or serial excision. Meta-analyses of safety per patient were conducted, and pooled outcomes of safety and effectiveness were presented in summary-of-findings tables.
RESULTS
A total of 1444 studies were found, of which 22 were included, evaluating 643 eligible patients. Study quality varied, and reporting of baseline characteristics and outcomes was heterogeneous. Pooled proportions were overall 9.8% for major wound-related complications, 1.2% for minor wound-related complications, 1.2% for scar-related complications, and 4.3% for anatomical deformities. For large/giant CMN, complication rates were, respectively, 23.1%, 2.9%, 12.9%, and 2.4%; and for CMN with eyelid involvement, 0.5%, 3.3%, 0.4%, and 54.2%. Patients rated their satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome as 24.4% excellent, 71.0% good, and 4.6% poor/moderate. Physicians rated this as 18.3% excellent, 70.1% good, and 11.7% poor/moderate. Thirty-five other outcomes of effectiveness were summarized. However, many were rarely reported.
CONCLUSIONS
Surgical excision of CMN appears to be safe and effective in many cases, depending on CMN size and location. Major wound-related complications and scar-related complications occurred more frequently with large/giant CMN, whereas anatomical deformities occurred with the majority of CMN with eyelid involvement.
Topics: Humans; Cicatrix; Skin Neoplasms; Nevus, Pigmented; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
PubMed: 36652871
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.10.048 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Aug 2019Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a progressive and common disease that affects the superficial and deep venous systems of the lower limbs. CVI is characterised by...
BACKGROUND
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a progressive and common disease that affects the superficial and deep venous systems of the lower limbs. CVI is characterised by valvular incompetence, reflux, venous obstruction, or a combination of these with consequent distal venous hypertension. Clinical manifestations of CVI include oedema, pain, skin changes, ulcerations and dilated skin veins in the lower limbs. It can result in a large financial burden on health systems. There is a wide variety of treatment options or therapies for CVI, ranging from surgery and medication to compression and physiotherapy. Balneotherapy (treatments involving water) is a relatively cheap option and potentially efficient way to deliver physical therapy for people with CVI.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the efficacy and safety of balneotherapy for the treatment of people with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI).
SEARCH METHODS
The Cochrane Vascular Information Specialist searched the Cochrane Vascular Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, AMED and CINAHL databases, the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and the Clinical Trials.gov trials register to August 2018. We searched the LILACS and IBECS databases. We also checked references, searched citations and contacted study authors to identify additional studies.
SELECTION CRITERIA
We included randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials comparing balneotherapy with no treatment or other types of treatment for CVI. We also included studies that used a combination of treatments.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two review authors independently reviewed studies retrieved by the search strategies. Both review authors independently assessed selected studies for complete analysis. We resolved conflicts through discussion. We attempted to contact trial authors for missing data, obtaining additional information. For binary outcomes (leg ulcer incidence and adverse events), we presented the results using odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). For continuous outcomes (disease severity, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), pain, oedema, skin pigmentation), we presented the results as a mean difference (MD) with 95% CI.
MAIN RESULTS
We included seven randomised controlled trials with 891 participants (outpatients in secondary care). We found no quasi-randomised controlled trials. Six studies (836 participants) evaluated balneotherapy versus no treatment. One study evaluated balneotherapy versus a phlebotonic drug (melilotus officinalis) (55 participants). There was a lack of blinding of participants and investigators, imprecision and inconsistency, which downgraded the certainty of the evidence.For the balneotherapy versus no treatment comparison, there probably was no improvement in favour of balneotherapy in disease severity signs and symptom score as assessed using the Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) (MD -1.66, 95% CI -4.14 to 0.83; 2 studies, 484 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Balneotherapy probably resulted in a moderate improvement in HRQoL as assessed by the Chronic Venous Insufficiency Questionnaire 2 (CVIQ2) at three months (MD -9.38, 95% CI -18.18 to -0.57; 2 studies, 149 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), nine months (MD -10.46, 95% CI -11.81 to -9.11; 1 study; 55 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), and 12 months (MD -4.99, 95% CI -9.19 to -0.78; 2 studies, 455 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). There was no clear difference in HRQoL between balneotherapy and no treatment at six months (MD -1.64, 95% CI -9.18 to 5.89; 2 studies, 445 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Balneotherapy probably slightly improved pain compared with no treatment (MD -1.23, 95% CI -1.33 to -1.13; 1 study; 390 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). There was no clear effect related to oedema between the two groups at 24 days (MD 43.28 mL, 95% CI -102.74 to 189.30; 2 studies, 153 participants; very-low certainty evidence). There probably was no improvement in favour of balneotherapy in the incidence of leg ulcers (OR 1.69, 95% CI 0.82 to 3.48; 2 studies, 449 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). There was probably a reduction in incidence of skin pigmentation changes in favour of balneotherapy at 12 months (pigmentation index: MD -3.59, 95% CI -4.02 to -3.16; 1 study; 59 participants; low-certainty evidence). The main complications reported included erysipelas (OR 2.58, 95% CI 0.65 to 10.22; 2 studies, 519 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), thromboembolic events (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.09 to 1.42; 3 studies, 584 participants; moderate-certainty evidence) and palpitations (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.01 to 8.52; 1 study; 59 participants; low-certainty evidence), with no clear evidence of an increase in reported adverse effects with balneotherapy. There were no serious adverse events reported in any of the studies.For the balneotherapy versus a phlebotonic drug (melilotus officinalis) comparison, we observed no clear difference in pain symptoms (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.03 to 2.87; 1 study; 35 participants; very low-certainty evidence) and oedema (OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.02 to 2.27; 1 study; 35 participants; very low-certainty evidence). This single study did not report on the other outcomes of interest.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
We identified moderate- to low-certainty evidence that suggests that balneotherapy may result in a moderate improvement in pain, quality of life and skin pigmentation changes and has no clear effect on disease severity signs and symptoms score, adverse effects, leg ulcers and oedema when compared with no treatment. For future studies, measurements of outcomes such as disease severity sign and symptom score, quality of life, pain and oedema and choice of time points during follow-up must be standardised for adequate comparison between trials.
Topics: Balneology; Edema; Humans; Leg Ulcer; Pain Management; Quality of Life; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Venous Insufficiency
PubMed: 31449319
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD013085.pub2 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Sep 2014Asymptomatic retinal breaks and lattice degeneration are visible lesions that are risk factors for later retinal detachment. Retinal detachments occur when fluid in the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Asymptomatic retinal breaks and lattice degeneration are visible lesions that are risk factors for later retinal detachment. Retinal detachments occur when fluid in the vitreous cavity passes through tears or holes in the retina and separates the retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium. Creation of an adhesion surrounding retinal breaks and lattice degeneration, with laser photocoagulation or cryotherapy, has been recommended as an effective means of preventing retinal detachment. This therapy is of value in the management of retinal tears associated with the symptoms of flashes and floaters and persistent vitreous traction upon the retina in the region of the retinal break, because such symptomatic retinal tears are associated with a high rate of progression to retinal detachment. Retinal tears and holes unassociated with acute symptoms and lattice degeneration are significantly less likely to be the sites of retinal breaks that are responsible for later retinal detachment. Nevertheless, treatment of these lesions frequently is recommended, in spite of the fact that the effectiveness of this therapy is unproven.
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this review was to assess the effectiveness and safety of techniques used to treat asymptomatic retinal breaks and lattice degeneration for the prevention of retinal detachment.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched CENTRAL (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group Trials Register) (2014, Issue 2), Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE Daily, Ovid OLDMEDLINE (January 1946 to February 2014), EMBASE (January 1980 to February 2014), PubMed (January 1948 to February 2014), the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT) (www.controlled-trials.com), ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrials.gov) and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (www.who.int/ictrp/search/en). We did not use any date or language restrictions in the electronic searches for trials. We last searched the electronic databases on 19 February 2014. Textbooks regarding retinal detachment and the reference lists of relevant reports were reviewed for additional study reports. We contacted experts in the field for details of other published and unpublished studies.
SELECTION CRITERIA
This review was designed to include randomized controlled trials in which one treatment for asymptomatic retinal breaks and lattice degeneration was compared with another treatment or no treatment.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Initially, one author assessed the search results and collected relevant studies. Since no studies met the inclusion criteria, no studies were assessed for risk of bias. No data were extracted and no meta-analysis could be performed.
MAIN RESULTS
No trials were found that met the inclusion criteria for this review.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
No conclusions could be reached about the effectiveness of surgical interventions to prevent retinal detachment in eyes with asymptomatic retinal breaks or lattice degeneration, or both. Current recommendations for treatment, based upon a consensus of expert opinion, should be assessed in a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Humans; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Detachment; Retinal Perforations
PubMed: 25191970
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003170.pub4 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Jul 2016There have been a number of studies with conflicting results which have examined the effect of anti-tuberculous therapy in Crohn's disease. A meta-analysis was performed... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
There have been a number of studies with conflicting results which have examined the effect of anti-tuberculous therapy in Crohn's disease. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the use of anti-tuberculous therapy for the maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the effects of anti-tuberculous therapy for the maintenance of remission in patients with Crohn's disease.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane LIbrary, and the Cochrane IBD Group Specialized Register from inception to June 22, 2015.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of anti-tuberculous therapy compared to placebo or another active therapy in patients with quiescent Crohn's disease were considered for inclusion.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
At least two authors independently extracted data and assessed the quality of included studies using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. We calculated the risk ratio (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for dichotomous outcomes.. The primary outcome was relapse. Secondary outcomes included adverse events, withdrawals due to adverse events and serious adverse events. All data were analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis. The overall quality of the evidence supporting the primary and secondary outcomes was evaluated using the GRADE criteria.
MAIN RESULTS
Four placebo-controlled RCTs including 206 participants were included. Three trials included an 8 to 16 week induction phase with tapering corticosteroids (prednisone, prednisolone or methylprednisolone) as induction therapy. Anti-tuberculous therapy included monotherapy with clofazimine, combination therapy with clofazimine, rifampin, ethambutol, and dapsone or combination therapy with clarithromycin, rifabutin and clofazimine. All of the studies were rated as unclear risk of bias for allocation concealment, three were rated as unclear risk of bias for random sequence generation and two were rated as unclear risk of bias for blinding or participants and personnel. There was a statistically significant difference in relapse rates favoring anti-tuberculous therapy over placebo. Thirty-nine per cent (44/112) of patients in the anti-tuberculous therapy group relapsed at 9 months to 2 years compared to 67% (63/94) of placebo patients (RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.75, I(2) = 47%). A GRADE analysis indicates that the overall quality of the evidence supporting this outcome was very low due to unknown risk of bias and sparse data. Adverse events occurred more frequently in the anti-tuberculous therapy group (37/159) compared to the placebo group (14/163) with a pooled RR of 2.57 (95% CI 1.45 to 4.55; N=322; studies=4, I(2)=64%). A GRADE analysis indicates that the overall quality of the evidence supporting this outcome was very low due to unknown risk of bias, unexplained heterogeneity and sparse data. There was no difference in withdrawals due to adverse events. Nine per cent (14/159) of anti-tuberculous therapy patients withdrew due to adverse events compared to 7% (11/163) of placebo patients (RR 1.29, 95% CI 0.60 to 2.77, I(2) = 0%). Common adverse events included increased skin pigmentation and rashes. No serious adverse events were reported in any of the included studies.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
Anti-tuberculous therapy may provide a benefit over placebo for the prevention of relapse in participants with Crohn's disease in remission. However, this result is very uncertain due to unclear study quality and the small numbers of patients assessed. Further studies are needed to provide better quality evidence for the use of anti-tuberculous therapy for maintaining remission in people with quiescent Crohn's disease.
Topics: Antitubercular Agents; Clarithromycin; Clofazimine; Crohn Disease; Ethambutol; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Maintenance Chemotherapy; Methylprednisolone; Prednisone; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Recurrence; Remission Induction; Rifabutin; Rifampin; Secondary Prevention
PubMed: 27444319
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000299.pub3 -
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases Jul 2019Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a genetic disorder that causes excess absorption of iron and can lead to a variety of complications including liver cirrhosis,... (Review)
Review
Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a genetic disorder that causes excess absorption of iron and can lead to a variety of complications including liver cirrhosis, arthritis, abnormal skin pigmentation, cardiomyopathy, hypogonadism, and diabetes. Hemojuvelin (HJV) is the causative gene of a rare subtype of HH worldwide. This study aims to systematically review the genotypic and phenotypic spectra of HJV-HH in multiple ethnicities, and to explore the genotype-phenotype correlations. A comprehensive search of PubMed database was conducted. Data were extracted from 57 peer-reviewed original articles including 132 cases with HJV-HH of multiple ethnicities, involving 117 biallelic cases and 15 heterozygotes. Among the biallelic cases, male and female probands of Caucasian ancestry were equally affected, whereas males were more often affected among East Asians (P=1.72×10). Hepatic iron deposition and hypogonadism were the most frequently reported complications. Hypogonadism and arthropathy were more prevalent in Caucasians than in East Asians (P=9.30×10, 1.69×10). Among the recurrent mutations, G320V (45 unrelated cases) and L101P (7 unrelated cases) were detected most frequently and restricted to Caucasians. [Q6H; C321*] was predominant in Chinese patients (6 unrelated cases). I281T (Chinese and Greek), A310G (Brazilian and African American), and R385* (Italian and North African) were reported across different ethnicities. In genotype-phenotype correlation analyses, 91.30% of homozygotes with exon 2-3 mutations developed early-onset HH compared to 66.00% of those with exon 4 mutations (P=2.40×10). Hypogonadism occurred more frequently in homozygotes with missense mutations (72.55%) than in those with nonsense mutations (35.71%; P=2.43×10). Liver biopsy was accepted by more probands with frame-shift or missense mutations (85.71% and 60.78%, respectively) than by those with nonsense mutations (28.57%; P=2.37×10, 3.93×10). The present review suggests that patients' ethnicity, geographical region, and genetic predisposition should be considered in the diagnosis, prognosis and management of HJV-HH.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; alpha-Galactosidase; Cross-Sectional Studies; Genotype; Hemochromatosis; Mutation; Hemochromatosis Protein
PubMed: 31286966
DOI: 10.1186/s13023-019-1097-2 -
Gels (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2019Chlorhexidine compounds and their different formulations have been investigated several times, especially in the dentistry field. Chlorhexidine application for mouth... (Review)
Review
Chlorhexidine compounds and their different formulations have been investigated several times, especially in the dentistry field. Chlorhexidine application for mouth rinsing immediately underwent oral contraindications, linked to the possibility of causing pigmentation to the teeth or relating to possible cytotoxic events after oral surgery. The positive effects, however, are considerable and its topical antiseptic action has been widely demonstrated by in vitro and clinical research. That's the reason for its large application in different fields of dentistry. The aim of this study is to collect all the literature regarding the use of chlorhexidine gel in dentistry and all the numerous applications. The initial search on search engines obtained 232 results; then, following the application of the inclusion criteria there were 24 selected articles. The chlorhexidine gel appliance in the dental daily practice is direct to oral surgery, conservative endodontics, prevention and prophylaxis. The use of chlorhexidine has shown some positive effects, also in the case of systemic diseases prevention. Surely, this topical medicine used both professionally and prescribed for home use, can be considered a great help for the prevention of several oral pathologies with systemic implications too.
PubMed: 31212600
DOI: 10.3390/gels5020031 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine May 2020Since the efficacy of ranibizumab (RBZ), bevacizumab (BVZ) and aflibercept (AFB) is comparable in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), we conducted a... (Review)
Review
Comparative Safety of Bevacizumab, Ranibizumab, and Aflibercept for Treatment of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Direct Comparative Studies.
BACKGROUND
Since the efficacy of ranibizumab (RBZ), bevacizumab (BVZ) and aflibercept (AFB) is comparable in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the long-term safety profiles of these agents, including ocular safety.
METHODS
Systematic review identifying randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing RBZ, BVZ and AFB directly published before March 2019. Serious ocular adverse events (SOAE) of special interest were endophthalmitis, pseudo-endophthalmitis, retinal pigment epithelium tear and newly identified macular atrophy.
RESULTS
Thirteen RCTs selected for meta-analysis (4952 patients, 8723 people-years follow-up): 10 compared RBZ vs. BVZ and three RBZ vs. AFB. There were no significant differences in almost all adverse events (systemic and ocular) between BVZ, RBZ and AFB in up to two years' follow-up. Macular atrophy was reported heterogeneously and not reported as SOAE in most trials.
CONCLUSIONS
Direct comparison of RBZ, BVZ and AFB safety profiles in the RCT network meta-analytical setting have not revealed a consistent benefit of these three commonly used anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents in AMD. Network model ranking highlighted potential benefits of RBZ in terms of a systemic safety profile; however, this appears a hypothesis rather than a conclusion. Newly identified macular atrophy is underestimated in RCTs-future real-world data should be focused on SOAE.
PubMed: 32443612
DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051522 -
3 Biotech Oct 2023Drought stress remains one of the most detrimental environmental constraints that hampers plant growth and development resulting in reduced yield and leading to economic... (Review)
Review
Drought stress remains one of the most detrimental environmental constraints that hampers plant growth and development resulting in reduced yield and leading to economic losses. Studies have highlighted the beneficial role of carbon-based nanomaterials (NMs) such as multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), graphene, fullerene, and metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) (Ag, Au, Cu, FeO, TiO, and ZnO) in plants under unfavorable conditions such as drought. NPs help plants cope with drought by improving plant growth indices and enhancing biomass. It improves water and nutrient uptake and utilization. It helps retain water by altering the cell walls and regulating stomatal closure. The photosynthetic parameters in NP-treated plants reportedly improved with the increase in pigment content and rate of photosynthesis. Due to NP exposure, the activation of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants has reportedly improved. These antioxidants play a significant role in the defense system against stress. Studies have reported the accumulation of osmolytes and secondary metabolites. Osmolytes scavenge reactive oxygen species, which can cause oxidative stress in plants. Secondary metabolites are involved in the water retention process, thus improving plant coping strategies with stress. The deleterious effects of drought stress are alleviated by reducing malondialdehyde resulting from lipid peroxidation. Reactive oxygen species accumulation is also controlled with NP treatment. Furthermore, NPs have been reported to regulate the expression of drought-responsive genes and the biosynthesis of phytohormones such as abscisic acid, auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin, which help plants defend against drought stress. This study reviewed 72 journal articles from 192 Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed papers. In this review, we have discussed the impact of NP treatment on morphological, physio-biochemical, and molecular responses in monocot and dicot plants under drought conditions with an emphasis on NP uptake, transportation, and localization.
PubMed: 37693636
DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03751-4 -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... 2023Anthocyanins (ACN), the sub-class of (poly)phenols responsible for the red-blue-purple pigmentation of fruit and vegetables, have gained considerable interest in sport... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Anthocyanins (ACN), the sub-class of (poly)phenols responsible for the red-blue-purple pigmentation of fruit and vegetables, have gained considerable interest in sport and exercise research due to their potential to facilitate exercise recovery. A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus and CINAHL. Thirty nine studies were included and the standardized mean difference (Hedges ) for creatine kinase (CK), anti-oxidative and inflammatory markers, strength, power and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) indices were pooled in separate meta-analyses; meta-regression was also performed on reported ACN dose. Immediately post-exercise there was an increase in antioxidant capacity (: 0.56) and reduced C reactive protein (: -0.24) and tumor necrosis factor α (: -40); ≤ 0.02. Strength was improved with ACN at all time points (: 0.45-0.67). DOMS (: -0.23) was lower 24 hours post-exercise and power was improved 24 hours (: 0.62) and 48 hours (: 0.57) post exercise. The CK was lower 48 hours post-exercise (: -0.31) and there was a trend for a positive association with ACN dose ( = 0.057). This systematic review provides new data showing ACN-rich foods promote functional and subjective recovery likely due to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of ACN.
Topics: Humans; Antioxidants; Anthocyanins; Exercise; Myalgia; Diet
PubMed: 34402657
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1963208