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Evidence-based Complementary and... 2022To perform a systematic review on the application of leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) in tendon models by reviewing studies. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To perform a systematic review on the application of leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) in tendon models by reviewing studies.
METHODS
The searches were performed via electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to September 2022 using the following keywords: ((tenocytes OR tendon OR tendinitis OR tendinosis OR tendinopathy OR tendon injury) AND (platelet-rich plasma OR PRP OR autologous conditioned plasma OR leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma OR L-PRP OR leukocyte-richplatelet-rich plasma Lr-PRP)). Only and studies that assessed the potential effects of L-PRP on tendons and/or tenocytes are included in this study. Description of PRP, study design and methods, outcomes measured, and results are extracted from the data.
RESULTS
A total of 17 studies (8 studies and 9 studies) are included. Thirteen studies (76%) reported leukocyte concentrations of L-PRP. Four studies (24%) reported the commercial kits. studies, L-PRP demonstrated increased cell proliferation, cell migration, collagen synthesis, accelerated inflammation, and catabolic response in the short term. In addition, most studies indicated increased collagen type I content. According to studies reporting data, L-PRP reduced inflammation response in 71.0% of studies, while it enhanced the histological quality of tendons in 67.0% of studies. All 3 studies reporting data found increased biomechanical properties with L-PRP treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
Most evidence indicates that L-PRP has some potential effects on tendon healing compared to control. However, it appears that L-PRP works depending on the biological status of the damaged tendon. At an early stage, L-PRP may accelerate tendon healing, but at a later stage, it could be detrimental.
PubMed: 36569346
DOI: 10.1155/2022/5289145 -
JTCVS Open Dec 2021A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was performed to compare the effects of miniaturized extracorporeal circulation (MECC) and conventional extracorporeal...
OBJECTIVE
A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was performed to compare the effects of miniaturized extracorporeal circulation (MECC) and conventional extracorporeal circulation (CECC) on morbidity and mortality rates after cardiac surgery.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Ovid, PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane databases. Randomized controlled trials from the year 2000 with n > 40 patients were considered. Key search terms included variations of "mini," "cardiopulmonary," "bypass," "extracorporeal," "perfusion," and "circuit." Studies were assessed for bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. The primary outcomes were postoperative mortality and stroke. Secondary outcomes included arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, renal failure, blood loss, and a composite outcome comprised of mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction and renal failure. Duration of intensive care unit, and hospital stay was also recorded.
RESULTS
The 42 studies eligible for this study included a total of 2154 patients who underwent CECC and 2196 patients who underwent MECC. There were no significant differences in any preoperative or demographic characteristics. Compared with CECC, MECC did not reduce the incidence of mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction, and renal failure but did significantly decrease the composite of these outcomes (odds ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50-0.81; = .0002). MECC was also associated with reductions in arrhythmia (odds ratio, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.54-0.83; = .0003), blood loss (mean difference [MD], -96.37 mL; 95% CI, -152.70 to -40.05 mL; = .0008), hospital stay (MD, -0.70 days; 95% CI, -1.21 to -0.20 days; = .006), and intensive care unit stay (MD, -2.27 hours; 95% CI, -3.03 to -1.50 hours; < .001).
CONCLUSIONS
MECC demonstrates clinical benefits compared with CECC. Further studies are required to perform a cost-utility analysis and to assess the long-term outcomes of MECC. These should use standardized definitions of endpoints such as mortality and renal failure to reduce inconsistency in outcome reporting.
PubMed: 36004169
DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2021.09.037 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2022There has been an explosion in scientific interest in using human-platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a substitute of xenogeneic sera in cell-based therapies. However, there... (Review)
Review
There has been an explosion in scientific interest in using human-platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a substitute of xenogeneic sera in cell-based therapies. However, there is a need to create standardization in this field. This systematic review is based on literature searches in PubMed and Web of Science databases until June 2021. Forty-one studies completed the selection criteria. The composition of PRP was completely reported in less than 30% of the studies. PRP has been used as PRP-derived supernatant or non-activated PRP. Two ranges could be identified for platelet concentration, the first between 0.14 × 10 and 0.80 × 10 platelets/µL and the second between 1.086 × 10 and 10 × 10 platelets/µL. Several studies have pooled PRP with a pool size varying from four to nine donors. The optimal dose for the PRP or PRP supernatant is 10%. PRP or PRP-derived supernatants a have positive effect on MSC colony number and size, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and genetic stability. The use of leukocyte-depleted PRP has been demonstrated to be a feasible alternative to xenogeneic sera. However, there is a need to improve the description of the PRP preparation methodology as well as its composition. Several items are identified and reported to create guidelines for future research.
Topics: Blood Platelets; Cell Differentiation; Humans; Platelet-Rich Plasma; Reference Standards; Serum
PubMed: 35742995
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126552 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Oct 2014Most patients with oesophageal and gastro-oesophageal carcinoma are diagnosed at an advanced stage and require palliative intervention. Although there are many kinds of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Most patients with oesophageal and gastro-oesophageal carcinoma are diagnosed at an advanced stage and require palliative intervention. Although there are many kinds of interventions, the optimal one for the palliation of dysphagia remains unclear. This review updates the previous version published in 2009.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this review was to systematically analyse and summarise the efficacy of different interventions used in the palliation of dysphagia in primary oesophageal and gastro-oesophageal carcinoma.
SEARCH METHODS
To find new studies for this updated review, in January 2014 we searched, according to the Cochrane Upper Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Diseases model, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library), MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL; and major conference proceedings (up to January 2014).
SELECTION CRITERIA
Only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included in which patients with inoperable or unresectable primary oesophageal cancer underwent palliative treatment. Different interventions like rigid plastic intubation, self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) insertion, brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, chemotherapy, oesophageal bypass surgery, chemical and thermal ablation therapy, either head-to-head or in combination, were included. The primary outcome was dysphagia improvement. Secondary outcomes included recurrent dysphagia, technical success, procedure related mortality, 30-day mortality, adverse effects and quality of life.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Data collection and analysis were performed in accordance with the methods of the Cochrane Upper Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Diseases Review Group.
MAIN RESULTS
We included 3684 patients from 53 studies. SEMS insertion was safer and more effective than plastic tube insertion. Thermal and chemical ablative therapy provided comparable dysphagia palliation but had an increased requirement for re-interventions and for adverse effects. Anti-reflux stents provided comparable dysphagia palliation to conventional metal stents. Some anti-reflux stents might have reduced gastro-oesophageal reflux and complications. Newly-designed double-layered nitinol (Niti-S) stents were preferable due to longer survival time and fewer complications compared to simple Niti-S stents. Brachytherapy might be a suitable alternative to SEMS in providing a survival advantage and possibly a better quality of life, and might provide better results when combined with argon plasma coagulation or external beam radiation therapy.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
Self-expanding metal stent insertion is safe, effective and quicker in palliating dysphagia compared to other modalities. However, high-dose intraluminal brachytherapy is a suitable alternative and might provide additional survival benefit with a better quality of life. Some anti-reflux stents and newly-designed stents lead to longer survival and fewer complications compared to conventional stents. Combinations of brachytherapy with self-expanding metal stent insertion or radiotherapy are preferable due to the reduced requirement for re-interventions. Rigid plastic tube insertion, dilatation alone or in combination with other modalities, and chemotherapy alone are not recommended for palliation of dysphagia due to a high incidence of delayed complications and recurrent dysphagia.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Brachytherapy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Deglutition Disorders; Esophageal Neoplasms; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Laser Therapy; Palliative Care; Photochemotherapy; Quality of Life; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Recurrence; Stents
PubMed: 25354795
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005048.pub4 -
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology 2023Long-term management of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is challenging and the identification of reliable predictors for treatment outcomes is an unmet need.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Long-term management of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is challenging and the identification of reliable predictors for treatment outcomes is an unmet need. Neutrophil-related biomarkers have been mainly studied in the feces, but blood analyses have inherent advantages.
OBJECTIVE
To review the recent learnings on the ability of blood-based neutrophil-expressed biomarkers to predict treatment outcomes in IBD.
DESIGN
Systematic scoping review.
DATA SOURCES AND METHODS
We performed a literature search in Pubmed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception until May 2022 according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. All human studies associating blood-based neutrophil-related compounds with the prediction of disease progression, complication onset, or treatment outcomes were included.
RESULTS
From 1032 retrieved entries, 34 studies were selected, 32 published in 2013 or later. In all, 17 biomarkers from granules, cytoplasm, plasmatic membrane, and plasma were explored. In total, 1850 Crohn's disease (CD) and 1122 ulcerative colitis non-duplicated patients were included. The most mentioned biomarkers were nCD64, serum calprotectin (SC), oncostatin M (OSM), neutrophil elastase-generated calprotectin fragment (CPa9-HNE), and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1). Six biomarkers showed promising results: OSM, SC, eNAMPT, nCD64, TREM1, and CPa9-HNE. Variable positive signals were found for human neutrophil peptide 1-3, LL-37, S100A12, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. No predictive ability was found for the remaining markers. Sharing a neutrophil compartment did not indicate similar behavior.
CONCLUSION
Advances in the last decade began to unveil the untapped potential of the readily accessible blood neutrophil-expressed biomarkers, especially nCD64, TREM1, and CPa9-HNE. Current evidence suggests that future research should focus on well-defined subpopulations instead of a one-size-fits-all biomarker.
REGISTRATION
https://osf.io/kes9a.
PubMed: 36923488
DOI: 10.1177/17562848231155987 -
PloS One 2024Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold promise for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment, potentially enhanced by combining them with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Modified Mesenchymal stem cell, platelet-rich plasma, and hyaluronic acid intervention in early stage osteoarthritis: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of arthroscopic-guided intra-articular approaches.
BACKGROUND
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold promise for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment, potentially enhanced by combining them with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA). This study aimed to assess the synergy of MSCs, PRP, and varying HA doses, and determine optimal MSC sources to treat early-stage OA in the perspective of Lysholm score, VAS Score, KSS score, and WOMAC score.
METHOD
Original articles from 2013 to 2023 were screened from four databases, focusing on clinical trials and randomized controlled trials. The Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROB-2) tool evaluated bias, and a PICOS criteria table guided result construction. Revman 5.4 analyzed outcomes such as Lysholm score, VAS score, KSS, WOMAC score, cartilage volume, and defect size using MRI. This systematic review adhered to PRISMA guidelines.
RESULT
Nine studies met the final inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis revealed a significant improvement in Lysholm score (MD: 17.89; 95% CI: 16.01, 19.77; I2 = 0%, P = 0.56), a notable reduction in VAS score (MD: -2.62; 95% CI: -2.83, -2.41; I2 = 99%, P < 0.00001), elevated KSS (MD: 29.59; 95% CI: 27.66, 31.52; I2 = 95%, P < 0.0001), and reduced WOMAC score (MD: -12.38; 95% CI: -13.75, -11.01; I2 = 99%, P < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS
Arthroscopic guided high-dose subchondral application of primary cultured synovial MSCs in popliteal PRP media with HA effectively regenerates cartilage defects and improves clinical outcomes in early-stage osteoarthritis. Clarification of MSC sources and quantities enhances the understanding of this promising treatment modality.
Topics: Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Viscosupplements; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Injections, Intra-Articular; Platelet-Rich Plasma; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38457479
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295876 -
Synergistically Anti-Multiple Myeloma Effects: Flavonoid, Non-Flavonoid Polyphenols, and Bortezomib.Biomolecules Nov 2022Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell tumor originating from a post-mitotic lymphoid B-cell lineage. Bortezomib(BTZ), a first-generation protease inhibitor, has... (Review)
Review
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell tumor originating from a post-mitotic lymphoid B-cell lineage. Bortezomib(BTZ), a first-generation protease inhibitor, has increased overall survival, progression-free survival, and remission rates in patients with MM since its clinical approval in 2003. However, the use of BTZ is challenged by the malignant features of MM and drug resistance. Polyphenols, classified into flavonoid and non-flavonoid polyphenols, have potential health-promoting activities, including anti-cancer. Previous preclinical studies have demonstrated the anti-MM potential of some dietary polyphenols. Therefore, these dietary polyphenols have the potential to be alternative therapies in anti-MM treatment regimens. This systematic review examines the synergistic effects of flavonoids and non-flavonoid polyphenols on the anti-MM impacts of BTZ. Preclinical studies on flavonoids and non-flavonoid polyphenols-BTZ synergism in MM were collected from PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase published between 2008 and 2020. 19 valid preclinical studies (Published from 2008 to 2020) were included in this systematic review. These studies demonstrated that eight flavonoids (icariin, icariside II, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, scutellarein, wogonin, morin, formononetin, daidzin), one plant extract rich in flavonoids (Punica granatum juice) and four non-flavonoid polyphenols (silibinin, resveratrol, curcumin, caffeic acid) synergistically enhanced the anti-MM effect of BTZ. These synergistic effects are mediated through the regulation of cellular signaling pathways associated with proliferation, apoptosis, and drug resistance. Given the above, flavonoids and non-flavonoid polyphenols can benefit MM patients by overcoming the challenges faced in BTZ treatment. Despite the positive nature of this preclinical evidence, some additional investigations are still needed before proceeding with clinical studies. For this purpose, we conclude by providing some suggestions for future research directions.
Topics: Humans; Bortezomib; Multiple Myeloma; Polyphenols; Apoptosis; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Cell Line, Tumor; Antineoplastic Agents; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
PubMed: 36358997
DOI: 10.3390/biom12111647 -
Advances in Clinical and Experimental... May 2024Atherosclerosis is a complex process involving endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, angiogenesis, and... (Review)
Review
Atherosclerosis is a complex process involving endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, angiogenesis, and calcification. One of the pathomechanisms of atherosclerosis is the upregulation of Wnt signaling. This study aimed to summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of Wnt signaling and sclerostin in atherosclerosis, vascular calcification, aneurysms, and mortality based on the PubMed database. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendation and identified 160 papers that were included in this systematic review. The published data highlight that the upregulation of Wnt components facilitates the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, arterial remodeling, VSMCs proliferation and phenotypic transition to the osteoblastic lineage in the arterial wall. This results in protein secretion, cell migration, calcification, fibrosis and aneurysm formation. The transformation of VSMCs into osteoblast-like cells that is observed in atherosclerosis results in sclerostin expression inhibiting the Wnt pathway. Furthermore, it was shown that sclerostin, expressed in atherosclerotic plaques, inhibits aneurysm formation in a mouse model. However, in humans, while the antisclerostin antibody romosozumab inhibits bone resorption, biochemical parameters of endothelial activation and inflammation are not affected, and the incidence of aneurysms is not increased. It was suggested that detecting sclerostin in the calcified aortic atherosclerotic plaques reflects a defense mechanism against Wnt activation and inhibition of atherosclerosis, although this has only been shown in animal models. Moreover, an increased number of vascular cells converted to osteogenic phenotypes results in increased plasma sclerostin concentrations. Therefore, plasma sclerostin derived from bone limits its importance as a global marker of vascular calcification.
Topics: Humans; Vascular Calcification; Atherosclerosis; Animals; Wnt Signaling Pathway; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Genetic Markers
PubMed: 37676098
DOI: 10.17219/acem/169567 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2023The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has gained increasing interest in recent decades. The platelet secretome contains a multitude of growth factors, cytokines,... (Review)
Review
The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has gained increasing interest in recent decades. The platelet secretome contains a multitude of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and other biological biomolecules. In recent years, developments in the field of platelets have led to new insights, and attention has been focused on the platelets' released extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their role in intercellular communication. In this context, the aim of this review was to compile the current evidence on PRP-derived extracellular vesicles to identify the advantages and limitations fortheir use in the upcoming clinical applications. A total of 172 articles were identified during the systematic literature search through two databases (PubMed and Web of Science). Twenty publications met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. According to the results, the use of PRP-EVs in the clinic is an emerging field of great interest that represents a promising therapeutic option, as their efficacy has been demonstrated in the majority of fields of applications included in this review. However, the lack of standardization along the procedures in both the field of PRP and the EVs makes it extremely challenging to compare results among studies. Establishing standardized conditions to ensure optimized and detailed protocols and define parameters such as the dose or the EV origin is therefore urgent. Further studies to elucidate the real contribution of EVs to PRP in terms of composition and functionality should also be performed. Nevertheless, research on the field provides promising results and a novel basis to deal with the regenerative medicine and drug delivery fields in the future.
Topics: Blood Platelets; Cell Communication; Extracellular Vesicles; Platelet-Rich Plasma; Regenerative Medicine
PubMed: 37685849
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713043 -
Leukemia Research Reports 2017Multiple myeloma is a relatively uncommon plasma cell malignancy. Preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that aspirin might modify the risk of multiple myeloma.... (Review)
Review
Multiple myeloma is a relatively uncommon plasma cell malignancy. Preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that aspirin might modify the risk of multiple myeloma. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies to examine the association between regular aspirin use and risk of multiple myeloma. Five observational studies including 332,660 adults were evaluated. The pooled estimate had a hazard ratio of 0.90 (95% confidence interval =0.58-1.39; P=0.638). Odds ratios from the two case-control studies were similar. The findings demonstrated that there was no significant association between aspirin use and the risk of multiple myeloma.
PubMed: 28331798
DOI: 10.1016/j.lrr.2017.02.002