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Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience Sep 2019Cognition has attracted a growing interest in psychiatry. Since the 1990s, cognition as a whole has become an important determinant in the outcome of psychosis. Despite...
Cognition has attracted a growing interest in psychiatry. Since the 1990s, cognition as a whole has become an important determinant in the outcome of psychosis. Despite recent progress in the genetics of cognition, the development of new pharmacological compounds in order to improve cognition has not progressed as quickly. This issue will review and discuss the main areas of clinical and basic research in this domain. .
Topics: Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Humans; Psychiatry; Psychotic Disorders
PubMed: 31749646
DOI: 10.31887/DCNS.2019.21.3/fthibaut -
The Lancet. Psychiatry May 2019Cannabis use is associated with increased risk of later psychotic disorder but whether it affects incidence of the disorder remains unclear. We aimed to identify...
BACKGROUND
Cannabis use is associated with increased risk of later psychotic disorder but whether it affects incidence of the disorder remains unclear. We aimed to identify patterns of cannabis use with the strongest effect on odds of psychotic disorder across Europe and explore whether differences in such patterns contribute to variations in the incidence rates of psychotic disorder.
METHODS
We included patients aged 18-64 years who presented to psychiatric services in 11 sites across Europe and Brazil with first-episode psychosis and recruited controls representative of the local populations. We applied adjusted logistic regression models to the data to estimate which patterns of cannabis use carried the highest odds for psychotic disorder. Using Europe-wide and national data on the expected concentration of Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in the different types of cannabis available across the sites, we divided the types of cannabis used by participants into two categories: low potency (THC <10%) and high potency (THC ≥10%). Assuming causality, we calculated the population attributable fractions (PAFs) for the patterns of cannabis use associated with the highest odds of psychosis and the correlation between such patterns and the incidence rates for psychotic disorder across the study sites.
FINDINGS
Between May 1, 2010, and April 1, 2015, we obtained data from 901 patients with first-episode psychosis across 11 sites and 1237 population controls from those same sites. Daily cannabis use was associated with increased odds of psychotic disorder compared with never users (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·2, 95% CI 2·2-4·1), increasing to nearly five-times increased odds for daily use of high-potency types of cannabis (4·8, 2·5-6·3). The PAFs calculated indicated that if high-potency cannabis were no longer available, 12·2% (95% CI 3·0-16·1) of cases of first-episode psychosis could be prevented across the 11 sites, rising to 30·3% (15·2-40·0) in London and 50·3% (27·4-66·0) in Amsterdam. The adjusted incident rates for psychotic disorder were positively correlated with the prevalence in controls across the 11 sites of use of high-potency cannabis (r = 0·7; p=0·0286) and daily use (r = 0·8; p=0·0109).
INTERPRETATION
Differences in frequency of daily cannabis use and in use of high-potency cannabis contributed to the striking variation in the incidence of psychotic disorder across the 11 studied sites. Given the increasing availability of high-potency cannabis, this has important implications for public health.
FUNDING SOURCE
Medical Research Council, the European Community's Seventh Framework Program grant, São Paulo Research Foundation, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London and the NIHR BRC at University College London, Wellcome Trust.
Topics: Adult; Brazil; Case-Control Studies; Europe; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Marijuana Abuse; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Psychotic Disorders; Young Adult
PubMed: 30902669
DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30048-3 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Jun 2021Post-partum psychosis (PPP) is a severe psychiatric emergency. The condition is rare and has generally not been an area of overwhelming research, and concordantly, early... (Review)
Review
Post-partum psychosis (PPP) is a severe psychiatric emergency. The condition is rare and has generally not been an area of overwhelming research, and concordantly, early identification and treatment is a challenge. Research in the field suggests, that PPP often is a bipolar spectrum illness, and resent research has identified the most common symptoms. This review is an updated description of the phenotypical characteristics of the illness and treatment recommendations based on the newest research.
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Female; Humans; Postpartum Period; Psychotic Disorders; Puerperal Disorders; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 34120688
DOI: No ID Found -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Sep 2021Psychotic depression is a severe and underdiagnosed psychiatric disorder, which differs from non-psychotic depression biologically, clinically, therapeutically and... (Review)
Review
Psychotic depression is a severe and underdiagnosed psychiatric disorder, which differs from non-psychotic depression biologically, clinically, therapeutically and prognostically. Due to the differences in treatment and the higher risk of suicidal behaviour, the correct diagnosis is crucial. Patients with psychotic depression have an increased risk of a new episode and readmission. Treatment of psychotic depression takes place during hospitalisation and is either ECT or a combination of antidepressant treatment and antipsychotics, which is summarised in this review.
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Mental Disorders; Psychotic Disorders
PubMed: 34596517
DOI: No ID Found -
Archives of Women's Mental Health Feb 2017Donkin psychoses are eclamptic psychoses without seizures. As symptomatic psychoses resulting from cerebral endothelial damage, they may explain the lucid intervals that...
Donkin psychoses are eclamptic psychoses without seizures. As symptomatic psychoses resulting from cerebral endothelial damage, they may explain the lucid intervals that sometimes occur between eclampsia and the eruption of psychosis. They have the same features as eclamptic psychoses, with onset during pregnancy or the early puerperium, especially in first-time mothers, a short duration and full recovery in most. The clinical picture is usually delirium, but mania is also seen, and some patients have retrograde amnesia or other cognitive defects. Donkin psychosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of childbearing psychoses, and collaborative research is needed to clarify their differences.
Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Brain Edema; Eclampsia; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Psychotic Disorders
PubMed: 27718021
DOI: 10.1007/s00737-016-0677-6 -
Psychopathology 2023There is a growing interest in understanding the impact of video games in the clinical field, given that their excessive use could be associated with health issues.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
There is a growing interest in understanding the impact of video games in the clinical field, given that their excessive use could be associated with health issues. Particularly, gaming disorder (GD) is considered as an addictive behavioral disorder. Clinicians widely recognize the comorbidity of gaming and psychotic disorders (PDs). Furthermore, association between addictive (i.e., substance use disorders) and PDs are well recognized by clinicians. It seems of high interest to explore GD among people with PDs. To this day, little is known about the consequences of GD in vulnerable populations.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this scoping review was to summarize the available research on the comorbidity between GD and PD and to identify the knowledge gaps in this field.
METHODS
We used Levac's six-stage methodology for scoping review. Two-hundred and forty-two articles from seven databases were identified. Eight articles respected our inclusion and exclusion criteria.
RESULTS
No available study has assessed the prevalence or incidence of GD among patients with PDs. The cases reported highlight the possibility that excessive video gameplay or abrupt gaming disruption could trigger psychosis in some patients.
CONCLUSION
The results highlight a significant lack of knowledge concerning PDs associated with GD as only a few reported cases and one empirical study exposed the potential association between those conditions.
Topics: Humans; Video Games; Behavior, Addictive; Psychotic Disorders; Comorbidity; Prevalence; Internet
PubMed: 36318899
DOI: 10.1159/000527143 -
Psychiatria Danubina 2022Immunopsychiatry is based on the assumption that schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and major depressive disorders are related with atypical immune reactions or...
Immunopsychiatry is based on the assumption that schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and major depressive disorders are related with atypical immune reactions or inflammatory processes. It has also been suggested that the neurotoxic effects of COVID-19 due to the perverted autoimmune reaction could offer fresh acumens into psychotic process. Even acute psychotic symptoms have a subtle pre-psychotic phase and unless treatments are aimed at this preceding phase, newer therapies are not going to achieve their targets. Identifying biosignatures of psychotic disorders lead to better understanding of the etiological mechanism involved in such disorders and aid early diagnostic assays. Interestingly, the search for biomarkers also stimulates new experimental treatment strategies as evidenced by the experiments of newer immunological therapies for psychotic disorders. Characterizing biosignatures are thought to play a significant role in the early detection, treatment, and implementation of preventive strategies in psychotic disorders. The search for identifying biosignatures should go hand in hand with newer experimental therapies for psychotic disorders for the benefit of introducing treatments at an early stage of psychosis development. The identification of biomarkers may lead to a shift from symptom based diagnostic category into subtypes based on immunological alterations and brain biology and such a change might have an advantage to make more precise diagnosis aiding better treatment. The field of immunopsychiatry requires more research to put their findings in context.
Topics: Humans; Depressive Disorder, Major; COVID-19; Psychotic Disorders; Schizophrenia; Biomarkers
PubMed: 36548873
DOI: 10.24869/psyd.2022.623 -
The Permanente Journal May 2021Amidst a rapidly changing legal landscape, cannabis use in the United States has become increasingly common in the past several years. There is strong evidence to... (Review)
Review
Amidst a rapidly changing legal landscape, cannabis use in the United States has become increasingly common in the past several years. There is strong evidence to suggest that chronic and early cannabis use increases the risk of developing a psychotic disorder, and there is at least moderate evidence that suggests ongoing cannabis use among individuals with a psychotic disorder worsens clinical outcomes (eg, decreased psychiatric medication adherence, more frequent psychiatric hospitalizations). In this Review Article, we provide a focused, clinically oriented overview of the epidemiology and characteristics of cannabis use among individuals with first-episode psychosis; evaluation of cannabis use; and treatment modalities, focusing on behavioral interventions suitable for outpatient primary care settings. We discuss the limited data supporting pharmacologic interventions for cannabis use disorder, specifically among individuals with first-episode psychosis, and the unique potential of cannabidiol to serve as a harm-reduction strategy for individuals who are not able or willing to achieve abstinence for cannabis.
Topics: Analgesics; Cannabidiol; Cannabis; Humans; Marijuana Abuse; Psychotic Disorders
PubMed: 35348056
DOI: 10.7812/TPP/20.179 -
Psychopathology 2022Short-lived psychotic disorders as currently listed under "acute and transient psychotic disorder," ICD-11 Classification of Mental, Behavioural, and Neurodevelopmental... (Review)
Review
Short-lived psychotic disorders as currently listed under "acute and transient psychotic disorder," ICD-11 Classification of Mental, Behavioural, and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, and "brief psychotic disorder," Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), constitute a point of divergence in the classification of psychotic disorders between the 2 diagnostic systems, which reveals the lack of knowledge about these conditions. Whether this is due to conceptual shortcomings inherent to the categories themselves and which spill over onto research or reflects a mismatch between the diagnostic criteria used and research techniques needs clarification. This study aimed to examine conceptual issues involved in the development of the above categories and shows that little continuity exists between earlier nosological concepts such as bouffée délirante, cycloid psychosis, and reactive psychosis and modern descriptive categories used to classify short-lived psychotic disorders. It seems likely that shortcomings in terms of symptom completeness, specificity, and heterogeneity, in addition to changes in definition and diagnostic criteria in successive DSM and ICD versions, have hampered empirical research, making it difficult to enhance the understanding of these conditions and achieve a closer concordance between the 2 classificatory systems.
Topics: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Humans; International Classification of Diseases; Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Psychotic Disorders
PubMed: 34802004
DOI: 10.1159/000520087 -
BMJ Case Reports Aug 2020A 36-year-old previously healthy woman with no personal or family history of mental illness presented with new-onset psychosis after a diagnosis of symptomatic COVID-19....
A 36-year-old previously healthy woman with no personal or family history of mental illness presented with new-onset psychosis after a diagnosis of symptomatic COVID-19. Her psychotic symptoms initially improved with antipsychotics and benzodiazepines and further improved with resolution of COVID-19 symptoms. This is the first case of COVID-19-associated psychosis in a patient with no personal or family history of a severe mood or psychotic disorder presenting with symptomatic COVID-19, highlighting the need for vigilant monitoring of neuropsychiatric symptoms in these individuals.
Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; Psychotic Disorders; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 32784244
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-236940