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Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2017The synthesis of different classes of prenylated aglycones (α,β-dihydroxanthohumol () and ()-6,4'-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-7-prenylaurone ()) was performed in one step...
The synthesis of different classes of prenylated aglycones (α,β-dihydroxanthohumol () and ()-6,4'-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-7-prenylaurone ()) was performed in one step reactions from xanthohumol ()-major prenylated chalcone naturally occurring in hops. Obtained flavonoids (-) and xanthohumol () were used as substrates for regioselective fungal glycosylation catalyzed by two species and . As a result six glycosides (-) were formed, of which four glycosides (-) have not been published so far. The influence of flavonoid skeleton and the presence of glucopyranose and 4--methylglucopyranose moiety in flavonoid molecule on binding to main protein in plasma, human serum albumin (HSA), and inhibition of cyclooxygenases COX-1 and COX-2 were investigated. Results showed that chalcone () had the highest binding affinity to HSA (8.624 × 10⁴ M) of all tested compounds. It has also exhibited the highest inhibition of cyclooxygenases activity, and it was a two-fold stronger inhibitor than α,β-dihydrochalcone () and aurone (). The presence of sugar moiety in flavonoid molecule caused the loss of HSA binding activity as well as the decrease in inhibition of cyclooxygenases activity.
Topics: Benzofurans; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Flavonoids; Fungi; Glycosides; Glycosylation; Humans; Humulus; Prenylation; Propiophenones; Serum Albumin, Human
PubMed: 28754033
DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071230 -
Biotechnology For Biofuels 2018Mucoromycota fungi are important producers of low- and high-value lipids. is used for arachidonic acid production at industrial scale. In addition, oleaginous...
BACKGROUND
Mucoromycota fungi are important producers of low- and high-value lipids. is used for arachidonic acid production at industrial scale. In addition, oleaginous Mucoromycota fungi are promising candidates for biodiesel production. A critical step in the development of such biotechnological applications is the selection of suitable strains for lipid production. The aim of the present study was to use the Duetz-microtiter plate system combined with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for high-throughput screening of the potential of 100 Mucoromycota strains to produce low- and high-value lipids.
RESULTS
With this reproducible, high-throughput method, we found several promising strains for high-value omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and biodiesel production purposes. Gamma-linolenic acid content was the highest in UBOCC-A-109196 (24.5% of total fatty acids), and VKM F-470 (24.0%). For the first time, we observed concomitant gamma-linolenic acid and alpha-linolenic acid (up to 13.0%) production in psychrophilic strains. Arachidonic acid was present the highest amount in ATCC 32222 (41.1% of total fatty acids). Low cultivation temperature (15 °C) activated the temperature sensitive ∆17 desaturase enzyme in spp., resulting in eicosapentaenoic acid production with up to 11.0% of total fatty acids in VKM F-1494. CCM-705, CCM F-539 and UBOCC-A-101347 showed very good growth (23-26 g/L) and lipid production (7.0-8.3 g/L) with high palmitic and oleic acid, and low PUFA content, which makes them attractive candidates for biodiesel production. CCM 451 had the highest total lipid content (47.2% of biomass) of all tested strains. We also demonstrated the potential of FTIR spectroscopy for high-throughput screening of total lipid content of oleaginous fungi.
CONCLUSIONS
The use of Duetz-microtiter plate system combined with FTIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis, is a feasible approach for high-throughput screening of lipid production in Mucoromycota fungi. Several promising strains have been identified by this method for the production of high-value PUFA and biodiesel.
PubMed: 29563969
DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1070-7 -
PloS One 2017Three β-cyclocitral-derived halolactones, which exhibit antifeedant activity towards storage product pests, were subjected to microbial transformation processes. Among...
Three β-cyclocitral-derived halolactones, which exhibit antifeedant activity towards storage product pests, were subjected to microbial transformation processes. Among the thirty tested strains of filamentous fungi and yeast, the most effective biocatalysts were Absidia cylindrospora AM336, Mortierella isabellina AM212 and Mortierella vinaceae AM149. As a result of regio- and enantioselective hydroxylation four new oxygenated derivatives were obtained. Regardless of the biocatalyst applied, the δ-iodo- and δ-bromo-γ-lactones were hydroxylated in an inactivated position C-5 of cyclohexane ring. The analogous transformation of chlorolactone was observed in Mortierella isabellina AM212 culture but in the case of two other biocatalysts the hydroxy group was introduced at C-3 position. All obtained hydroxylactones were enantiomerically pure (ee = 100%) or enriched (ee = 50%). The highest enantioselectivity of hydroxylation was observed for M. isabellina AM212. The cytotoxic activity of halolactones was also examined by WST-1 assay wherein tested compounds did not exhibit significant effect on the viability of tumor HeLa and normal CHO-K1 cells.
Topics: Aldehydes; Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Diterpenes; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Fungi; Hydroxylation; Lactones; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Stereoisomerism
PubMed: 28837605
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183429 -
IDCases 2023Purpura fulminans (PF) is a disorder with multifactorial causes that lead to acute localize skin microvasculature thrombosis. PF can be classified as one of the...
Purpura fulminans (PF) is a disorder with multifactorial causes that lead to acute localize skin microvasculature thrombosis. PF can be classified as one of the manifestations of disseminated vascular coagulation (DIC). Although, there are three types of PF including hereditary (autosomal dominant) due to mutations in single nucleotide polymorphisms (PROC and PROS1) and serpin family C member 1 (SERPINC1) genes. Idiopathic or acquired type of PF is complex and the pathophysiology is ambiguous, however, low levels of protein C and S were observed. The acute infectious form of PF occurs post-bacterial infection (e.g., ). The clinical presentation is limited to skin findings or systematic manifestation (shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, or death). We are presenting two cases of PF sharing similar clinical manifestations developed within 12 h post-operatively with distinct micro-organisms infection. The first patient's wound culture grew fluffy mold, and the sequencing confirmed a , species while the second patient was infected by cutaneous which led to the development of PF. Our findings suggest that surgery can trigger local immunological responses in susceptible individuals such as concealed protein C and S deficiency or microorganism toxins that initiated the rapidly developing of PF in those patients.
PubMed: 37954167
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2023.e01918 -
TheScientificWorldJournal 2020In recent decades, there has been an intensification of environmental problems, which are becoming increasingly critical and frequent due to population growth....
INTRODUCTION
In recent decades, there has been an intensification of environmental problems, which are becoming increasingly critical and frequent due to population growth. Microorganisms, including soilborne fungi, play an essential role in maintaining and balancing the environment. One of the most impacted ecosystems in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, is the Jansen Lagoon State Park, an important tourist spot, which has suffered anthropogenic actions such as the dumping of household waste (sewage) in its body of water. As a consequence, these pollutants can accumulate in the adjacent soil, since the body of water is near this substrate. The objectives were to isolate and identify filamentous fungi from the soil of the Jansen Lagoon State Park.
METHODS
Monthly soil samples were collected and later processed using the modified suspension technique according to Clark (1965).
RESULTS
The isolated genera were , , , , and is the fungal genus of greater dominance in the soil of the Jansen Lagoon State Park. was the dominant species (37%), followed by (21.6%).
CONCLUSION
The main isolated fungi from the Jansen Lagoon State Park were and These fungi can be used as biological markers of pollution and as biodegraders and/or bioremediators to improve the area studied.
Topics: Biodiversity; Brazil; Environment; Fungi; Geography; Oceans and Seas; Soil Microbiology
PubMed: 32410905
DOI: 10.1155/2020/3727453 -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... May 2024An 8-y-old Pygora doe was presented to the University of California-Davis, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital because of non-healing facial swelling of 2-wk duration.... (Review)
Review
An 8-y-old Pygora doe was presented to the University of California-Davis, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital because of non-healing facial swelling of 2-wk duration. The lesion grew despite medical treatment, causing discomfort masticating, little-to-no airflow from the right nasal passage, and led to euthanasia. On gross examination, a large facial mass with a draining tract through the skin and hard palate was identified. On section, the mass was brown-pink, homogeneous, and friable. Abscess-like masses were identified in the lungs and kidney. Histopathology of the face, including oral and nasal cavities, salivary glands, and lymph nodes, as well as the lung and kidney lesions, revealed large areas of necrosis with numerous wide ribbon-like, mostly aseptate, fungal hyphae consistent with zygomycetes. PCR for fungal organisms performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from the face identified (formerly ) of the order and an sp. The lesion was suspected to have started either as a fungal rhinitis or dental feed impaction, subsequently spreading to the face and systemically to the lungs and kidney. We describe here the lesions associated with facial mucormycosis in a goat and present a literature review of infection in veterinary species and fungal infections in goats.
Topics: Animals; Mucormycosis; Goats; Goat Diseases; Face; Mucorales; Male; Absidia
PubMed: 38465904
DOI: 10.1177/10406387241236751 -
Journal of Endourology Case Reports 2016Zygomycoses are uncommon, frequently fatal diseases caused by fungi of the class Zygomycetes. The majority of human cases are caused by Mucorales (genus-rhizopus,...
Zygomycoses are uncommon, frequently fatal diseases caused by fungi of the class Zygomycetes. The majority of human cases are caused by Mucorales (genus-rhizopus, mucor, and absidia) fungi. Renal involvement is uncommon and urine microscopy, pottasium hydroxide mount, and fungal cultures are frequently negative. A twenty-one-year-old young unmarried lady presented to our emergency department with bilateral flank pain, fever, nausea, and decreased urine output of one-month duration. She was found to have azotemia with sepsis with bilateral hydronephrosis with a left renal pelvic obstructing stone. Even after nephrostomy drainage and broad spectrum antibiotics, her condition worsened. She developed disseminated fungal infection, and timely systemic antifungal followed by bilateral nephroscopic clearance saved the patient. Although renal fungal infections are uncommon, a high index of suspicion and early antifungal and surgical intervention can give favorable outcomes.
PubMed: 27704055
DOI: 10.1089/cren.2016.0085 -
Allergologie Select 2024None.
None.
PubMed: 38756207
DOI: 10.5414/ALX02444E -
Zeitschrift Fur Naturforschung. C,... May 2017The aim of this article is influence of the structure of lactones with the methylcyclohexene and dimethylcyclohexene ring on their biotransformation and antimicrobial...
The aim of this article is influence of the structure of lactones with the methylcyclohexene and dimethylcyclohexene ring on their biotransformation and antimicrobial activity. This work was based on the general remark that even the smallest change in the structure of a compound can affect its biological properties. The results of the biotransformation of four bicyclic unsaturated lactones with one or two methyl groups in the cyclohexene ring was tested using fifteen fungal strains (Fusarium species, Penicillium species, Absidia species, Cunninghamella japonica, and Pleurotus ostreatus) and five yeast strains (Yarrowia lipolytica, Rhodorula marina, Rhodorula rubra, Candida viswanathii, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae). During these transformations, new epoxylactone and hydroxylactone were obtained. The relationship between the substrate structure and the ability of the microorganisms to transform them were analysed. Only compounds with C-O bond of lactone ring in the equatorial position were transformed by fungus. All presented here lactones were examined also for their antimicrobial activity. It turned out that these compounds exhibited growth inhibition of bacteria and fungi, mainly Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, and Penicillium expansum.
Topics: Bacteria; Biotransformation; Cyclohexenes; Fungi; Lactones; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microbial Viability; Molecular Structure; Structure-Activity Relationship; Yeasts
PubMed: 28107178
DOI: 10.1515/znc-2016-0188 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2017The aim of this study was to obtain new unsaturated lactones by chemical synthesis and their microbial transformations using fungal strains. Some of these strains were...
The aim of this study was to obtain new unsaturated lactones by chemical synthesis and their microbial transformations using fungal strains. Some of these strains were able to transform unsaturated lactones into different hydroxy or epoxy derivatives. Strains of and gave products with a hydroxy group introduced into a tertiary carbon, while the strain hydroxylated primary carbons. The strain hydroxylated both substrates in an allylic position. Using the and strains led to the obtained epoxylactones. The structures of all lactones were established on the basis of spectroscopic data.
Topics: Absidia; Biotransformation; Hydroxylation; Lactones; Mucorales; Penicillium
PubMed: 28106750
DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010147