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World Journal of Plastic Surgery May 2018Invasive fungal infection in burn injury is caused by inoculation of fungal spore from patient skin, respiratory tract or from care giver. The risk factors for acquiring...
Invasive fungal infection in burn injury is caused by inoculation of fungal spore from patient skin, respiratory tract or from care giver. The risk factors for acquiring fungal infection in burns include age of burns, total burn size, full thickness burns, inhalational injury, prolonged hospital stay, late surgical excision, open dressing, central venous catheters, antibiotics, steroid treatment, long-term artificial ventilation, fungal wound colonization, hyperglycemic episodes and other immunosuppressive disorders. Invasive fungal infection with is rare opportunistic infection encountered in patient with burn injury. The key for treatment is early clinical diagnosis, wide and repeated debridement and systemic and local antifungal treatment. We describe a case of invasive fungal infection with in a patient with post-electrical scalp burn with late presentation after 10 days of injury in an immunocompetent patient.
PubMed: 30083512
DOI: No ID Found -
Mycopathologia Feb 2019The Mucorales fungi-formerly classified as the zygomycetes-are environmentally ubiquitous fungi, but generally rare causes of clinical infections. In the...
The Mucorales fungi-formerly classified as the zygomycetes-are environmentally ubiquitous fungi, but generally rare causes of clinical infections. In the immunocompromised host, however, they can cause invasive, rapidly spreading infections that confer a high risk of morbidity and mortality, often despite surgical and antifungal therapy. Patients with extensive burn injuries are particularly susceptible to skin and soft-tissue infections with these organisms. Here, we present a case of Lichtheimia infection in a patient with extensive full-thickness burns that required significant and repeated surgical debridement successfully treated with isavuconazole and adjunctive topical amphotericin B washes. We also review the available literature on contemporary antifungal treatment for Lichtheimia species and related Mucorales fungi.
Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Burns; Debridement; Dermatomycoses; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mucorales; Mucormycosis; Nitriles; Pyridines; Treatment Outcome; Triazoles
PubMed: 29967971
DOI: 10.1007/s11046-018-0281-6 -
Brazilian Journal of Microbiology :... 2017Mucorales comprises fungi commonly isolated as saprobes from soil, dung, stored grains and plants. Although these fungi have been studied in several countries, there are...
Mucorales comprises fungi commonly isolated as saprobes from soil, dung, stored grains and plants. Although these fungi have been studied in several countries, there are relatively a few reports of them in semi-arid areas. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to assess and compare the Mucorales communities in dung from different species and breeds of herbivores in the semi-arid of Pernambuco, based on the frequency of occurrence and species richness of these fungi. Samples of dung collected in the cities of Arcoverde, Serra Talhada and Sertânia were incubated in moist chambers in triplicate. Altogether, 24 taxa of Mucorales distributed in the genera Absidia, Circinella, Cunninghamella, Lichtheimia, Mucor, Pilobolus, Rhizopus and Syncephalastrum were identified. The highest species richness was found in sheep excrement. Mucor circinelloides f. griseo-cyanus was the most common taxon, followed by M. ramosissimus. The similarity of the composition of Mucorales species was greatest between the excrements of Guzerá and Sindi breeds (bovine). All mucoralean species isolated are being cited for the first time from animal dung found in Caatinga and a new species of Mucor was recorded. An identification key for species of Mucorales from dung in the semi-arid region of Brazil is provided.
Topics: Animals; Biodiversity; Brazil; Cattle; Cluster Analysis; Environmental Microbiology; Herbivory; Mucorales; Sheep
PubMed: 27769884
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.09.008 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024The aim of this study was to obtain new halolactones with a gem-dimethyl group in the cyclohexane ring (at the C-3 or C-5 carbon) and a methyl group in the lactone ring...
The aim of this study was to obtain new halolactones with a gem-dimethyl group in the cyclohexane ring (at the C-3 or C-5 carbon) and a methyl group in the lactone ring and then subject them to biotransformations using filamentous fungi. Halolactones in the form of mixtures of two diasteroisomers were subjected to screening biotransformations, which showed that only compounds with a gem-dimethyl group located at the C-5 carbon were transformed. Strains from the genus carried out hydrolytic dehalogenation, while strains from the genus carried out hydroxylation of the C-7 carbon. Both substrates and biotransformation products were then tested for antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant strains of both bacteria and yeast-like fungi. The highest antifungal activity against and strains was obtained for compound , while antimicrobial activity against MRSA was obtained for compound .
Topics: Lactones; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biotransformation; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Fusarium; Antifungal Agents; Absidia; Molecular Structure; Candida albicans; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 38930886
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122820 -
AMB Express Dec 2015Polypores have been applied in traditional Chinese medicine up to the present day, and are becoming more and more popular worldwide. They show a wide range of...
Polypores have been applied in traditional Chinese medicine up to the present day, and are becoming more and more popular worldwide. They show a wide range of bioactivities including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and immuno-enhancing effects. Their secondary metabolites have been the focus of many studies, but the importance of fungal strain for bioactivity and metabolite production has not been investigated so far for these . Therefore, we screened several strains from three medicinal polypore species from traditional European medicine: and A total of 22 strains were compared concerning their growth rates, optimum growth temperatures, as well as antimicrobial and antifungal properties of ethanolic fruit body extracts. The morphological identification of strains was confirmed based on rDNA ITS phylogenetic analyses. Our results showed that species delimitation is critical due to the presence of several distinct lineages, e.g. within the species complex. Fungal strains within one lineage showed distinct differences in optimum growth temperatures, in secondary metabolite production, and accordingly, in their bioactivities. In general, and extracts exerted distinct antibiotic activities against and at minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 31-125 μg mL; The antifungal activities of all three polypores against and were often strain-specific, ranging from 125-1000 μg mL. Our results highlight that a reliable species identification, followed by an extensive screening for a 'best strain' is an essential prerequisite for the proper identification of bioactive material.
PubMed: 25642401
DOI: 10.1186/s13568-014-0093-0 -
BMC Pulmonary Medicine Apr 2021Pulmonary mucormycosis caused by Mucorales is a highly lethal invasive fungal infection usually found in immunocompromised patients. Isolated pulmonary mucormycosis in...
BACKGROUND
Pulmonary mucormycosis caused by Mucorales is a highly lethal invasive fungal infection usually found in immunocompromised patients. Isolated pulmonary mucormycosis in immunocompetent patients is very rare. Here, we present a case of a 32-year-old male who developed pulmonary mucormycosis without any known immunodeficiency.
CASE PRESENTATION
The patient presented to our hospital because of cough and chest pain along with blood in the sputum. He was first treated for community-acquired pneumonia until bronchoalveolar lavage fluid culture confirmed the growth of Absidia. His symptoms were relieved with the use of amphotericin B, and he eventually recovered. We also provide a systematic review of relevant literature to summarize the characteristics of pulmonary mucormycosis in immunocompetent patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Pulmonary mucormycosis has variable clinical presentations and is difficult to identify. Due to its high fatality rate, clinicians should make judgements regarding suspected cases correctly and in a timely manner to avoid misdiagnosis and delayed treatment.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Immunocompetence; Lung Diseases, Fungal; Male; Mucormycosis
PubMed: 33906622
DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01504-8 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Aug 2019The incidence of pulmonary mucormycosis is constantly increasing, especially in hematological patients staying in high-efficiency particulate air-filtered rooms....
The incidence of pulmonary mucormycosis is constantly increasing, especially in hematological patients staying in high-efficiency particulate air-filtered rooms. Pulmonary inhalation of spores may occur outside the hospital, leading to invasive disease once patients received chemotherapies. We developed a new pulmonary mucormycosis mouse model mimicking the expected pathophysiology in human to study antifungal drugs. Naive mice were inoculated intratracheally with spores. After 3 days, mice received corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide and secondarily developed the disease, while only 5% of the initial inoculum was present in the lungs at day 3. Lung colonization with spores in immunocompetent mice can last at least 44 days. Antifungal drug was administered the day of immunosuppression. Injection of a single 15 mg/kg of body weight dose of liposomal amphotericin B significantly improved survival and pulmonary fungal burden compared with controls, whereas 80 mg/kg oral posaconazole did not. These results show that a unique dose of liposomal amphotericin B offers a real potential decolonization treatment to prevent infection in our mouse model of lung colonization followed by lung infection.
Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mucormycosis; Respiratory Tract Infections
PubMed: 31138564
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02544-18 -
Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland) 2019Mucormycosis is a rare and aggressive fungal infection, most often caused by species of the , , , , and genera. The condition most commonly affects patients with...
Mucormycosis is a rare and aggressive fungal infection, most often caused by species of the , , , , and genera. The condition most commonly affects patients with uncontrolled diabetes, HIV/AIDS, malignancy, and those receiving long-term immunosuppressive therapy. We report the case of a 39-year-old male with biopsy-proven cutaneous mucormycosis of the left axilla 4 months after an orthotopic heart transplant for congenital tricuspid atresia.
PubMed: 31828063
DOI: 10.1159/000503661 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2017Pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) is a life-threatening fungal infection in patients with hematologic malignancies, and early and accurate diagnostic modalities are urgently...
Pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) is a life-threatening fungal infection in patients with hematologic malignancies, and early and accurate diagnostic modalities are urgently needed. We conducted a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting these fungi in peripheral blood from four patients with hematologic malignancies who were strongly suspected of having PM. In these four patients, the Rhizopus species was identified in two patients, and the Cunninghamella and Absidia species in one each. Based on these molecular findings, all of the patients were successfully treated via targeted therapy with liposomal amphotericin B. In this report, a PCR analysis proved very useful for managing PM in patients with hematologic malignancies.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cunninghamella; Female; Hematologic Neoplasms; Humans; Lung Diseases, Fungal; Male; Middle Aged; Mucormycosis; Polymerase Chain Reaction
PubMed: 28321075
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.56.7647 -
Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua... Aug 2020To analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of non-aspergillus molds infection (NAMI) patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Total 24...
To analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of non-aspergillus molds infection (NAMI) patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Total 24 patients diagnosed as proven or probable non-aspergillus molds infection after allo-HSCT at the Peking University Institute of Hematology from January 2010 to December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Among the 24 non-aspergillus molds infection patients, 22 (91.6%) underwent haploidentical stem cell transplantation, while 1 (4.2%) underwent matched-sibling donor transplantation, and 1 (4.2%) underwent HLA-matched unrelated donor transplantation. Ten (41.7%) patients were diagnosed as proven NAMI, and 14 (58.3%) were probable NAMI. The median time to NAMI diagnosis was 188 (2-856) d after transplantation. Five (20.8%) patients had Mucorales infection, 14 (58.3%) Rhizopus infection, 3 (12.5%) had Absidia orchidis infection, and 2 (8.3%) had Scedosporium apiospermum infection. The response rate at was 38.9% (7/18) in 18 patients who adjusted antifungal therapy based on the etiology. After a median 229 (2-2280) days follow-up after diagnosis, the 2-year overall survival was (24.0±14.5) %. The major pathogen of NAMI after allo-HSCT was Rhizopus, and the mortality of NAMI after allo-HSCT was very high due to lack of early effective therapy.
Topics: Graft vs Host Disease; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Infections; Mycoses; Retrospective Studies; Siblings; Transplantation, Homologous
PubMed: 32942814
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.08.002