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Cancers Jul 2023The term "oligometastasis" represents a relatively novel idea, which denotes a condition characterized by cancer dissemination with a limited number of lesions (usually...
The term "oligometastasis" represents a relatively novel idea, which denotes a condition characterized by cancer dissemination with a limited number of lesions (usually fewer than five). The aim of the present study is to report a bibliometric analysis of the oligometastatic disease/state, incorporating all relevant studies on the topic for more than 20 years. The research strategy included at least one the terms "Oligmetastases", "Oligometastasis", "Oligometastatic", "Oligoprogression, "Oligoprogressive", "Oligorecurrent", or "Oligorecurrency" in the title, abstract, and/or keywords. All English-language documents from 1 January 1995 (the year of the earliest available document in Scopus) to 31 December 2022 were considered for the analysis. R code (R version 4.2.0) with R Studio (version 2022.12.0-353) and the Bibliometrix package (version 4.0.1) were used for the analysis. A total of 3304 documents, mainly articles ( = 2083, 63.0%) and reviews ( = 813, 24.6%), were collected from 1995 to 2022. The average annual growth rate of literature on the topic was 26.7%. Overall 15,176 authors published on the topic, with an average of eight authors/publication. From 1995, 69 countries contributed to the literature, with the USA and Italy being the top contributors. Among all keywords used by authors, the top three were oligometastases (19%), SBRT (18%), and radiation therapy (8%). Themes regarding "locoregional treatment", "organ motion", and "immunotherapy" were the most recent trend topics, mainly developed from 2019 to 2022, while "high-dose chemotherapy", "whole-brain radiotherapy", and "metastatic breast cancer" saw their main development during 2009-2018. Our study shows the exceptionally flourishing scientific production on the oligometastatic state, summarizing the most influential studies and highlighting the future developments and interests. This analysis will serve as a benchmark to identify this area for the attention of researchers worldwide and contribute to the increasing scientific work.
PubMed: 37568718
DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153902 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2017Meaning-making in the brain has become one of the most intensely discussed topics in cognitive science. Traditional theories on cognition that emphasize abstract symbol... (Review)
Review
Meaning-making in the brain has become one of the most intensely discussed topics in cognitive science. Traditional theories on cognition that emphasize abstract symbol manipulations often face a dead end: The symbol grounding problem. The embodiment idea tries to overcome this barrier by assuming that the mind is grounded in sensorimotor experiences. A recent surge in behavioral and brain-imaging studies has therefore focused on the role of the motor cortex in language processing. Concrete, action-related words have received convincing evidence to rely on sensorimotor activation. Abstract concepts, however, still pose a distinct challenge for embodied theories on cognition. Fully embodied abstraction mechanisms were formulated but sensorimotor activation alone seems unlikely to close the explanatory gap. In this respect, the idea of integration areas, such as convergence zones or the 'hub and spoke' model, do not only appear like the most promising candidates to account for the discrepancies between concrete and abstract concepts but could also help to unite the field of cognitive science again. The current review identifies milestones in cognitive science research and recent achievements that highlight fundamental challenges, key questions and directions for future research.
PubMed: 28824497
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01315 -
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za... Mar 2023To introduce the research progress on the relationship between gut microbiota dysbiosis and osteoarthritis (OA), focus on the possible mechanism of gut microbiota... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To introduce the research progress on the relationship between gut microbiota dysbiosis and osteoarthritis (OA), focus on the possible mechanism of gut microbiota dysbiosis promoting OA, and propose a new therapeutic direction.
METHODS
The domestic and foreign research literature on the relationship between gut microbiota dysbiosis and OA was reviewed. The role of the former in the occurrence and development of OA and the new ideas for the treatment of OA were summarized.
RESULTS
The gut microbiota dysbiosis promotes the development of OA mainly in three aspects. First, the gut microbiota dysbiosis destroys intestinal permeability and causes low-grade inflammation, which aggravate OA. Secondly, the gut microbiota dysbiosis promotes the development of OA through metabolic syndrome. Thirdly, the gut microbiota dysbiosis is involved in the development of OA by regulating the metabolism and transport of trace elements. Studies have shown that improving gut microbiota dysbiosis by taking probiotics and transplanting fecal microbiota can reduce systemic inflammation and regulate metabolic balance, thus treating OA.
CONCLUSION
Gut microbiota dysbiosis is closely related to the development of OA, and improving gut microbiota dysbiosis can be an important idea for OA treatment.
Topics: Humans; Dysbiosis; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Inflammation; Osteoarthritis; Probiotics
PubMed: 36940999
DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202212037 -
Pharmacogenomics and Personalized... 2014Physicians attempt to achieve glycemic goals in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through various means, including glucose-lowering medications. There is... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Physicians attempt to achieve glycemic goals in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through various means, including glucose-lowering medications. There is interindividual variability in response to medications, which can be partially explained by the presence of genetic polymorphisms that affect drug metabolism. Pharmacogenomics studies the hereditary basis of interpatient variations in drug response and aims to identify subgroups of patients whose drug management could be tailored accordingly. The aim of this review is to explore patient profiling in the management of T2DM with a focus on the sodium glucose transporter inhibitor canagliflozin.
METHODS
The PubMed database was searched using the terms "pharmacogenomics" and "diabetes" through May 31, 2014. Published articles and abstracts presented at national/international meetings were considered.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
Genome-wide association studies have opened the door for patient profiling and research into genetic variants in multifactorial T2DM. Clinically, it may be possible to tailor the type of medication used based on the presence or absence of the various genetic variants. However, the polymorphisms studied may only explain some of the variability in response to T2DM drugs and needs further validation to ensure its authenticity. There are still unidentified factors which appear to play a role in the interindividual variability seen in clinical practice. The potential exists for pharmacogenomics to promote efficacious, safe, and cost-effective individualized diabetes management. Pharmacogenomics is still in its early stages, and the idea of defining patients genetically to predict individual responses to drugs and obtain safe and effective T2DM management is promising, in spite of existing barriers. Currently, clinical profiling of patients with T2DM and using an individualized approach with most drugs, including canagliflozin, based on comorbid conditions still remains the most accepted approach for the management of T2DM.
PubMed: 25540592
DOI: 10.2147/52761.s0 -
Heliyon May 2023Basic elementary function is an important module in mathematics learning, and its abstract nature leads to an increase in learning difficulty. Computer information...
Basic elementary function is an important module in mathematics learning, and its abstract nature leads to an increase in learning difficulty. Computer information technology has created a new path for visualizing abstract content. Computer-aided teaching is an educational means that has emerged in recent years, but there are many problems that need to be solved urgently in the process of using it. This paper aims to emphasize the importance of computer in mathematics education and compare computer-aided education with other forms of teaching technology. Therefore, based on the constructivist learning theory, this paper puts forward educational strategies to make learning more enjoyable and sustainable through the computer-aided teaching and learning (CATL) system. The proposed method is an important idea to implement and apply each teacher's teaching and learning experience, thus making learning enjoyable and interactive. The CATL system is a gateway to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of the education system. Computer education is part of the curricula of schools because it is vital to every learner today. The research results from 320 students and 8 teachers in a university show that, the CATL system improves the student's performance and interaction between teacher and student. The CATL attains 94.43% of the performance rate, which is not attainable by other approaches.
PubMed: 37215919
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15987 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2017Laboratory research has demonstrated that multisensory enrichment promotes verbal learning in a foreign language (L2). Enrichment can be done in various ways, e.g., by...
Laboratory research has demonstrated that multisensory enrichment promotes verbal learning in a foreign language (L2). Enrichment can be done in various ways, e.g., by adding a picture that illustrates the L2 word's meaning or by the learner performing a gesture to the word (enactment). Most studies have tested enrichment on concrete but not on abstract words. Unlike concrete words, the representation of abstract words is deprived of sensory-motor features. This has been addressed as one of the reasons why abstract words are difficult to remember. Here, we ask whether a brief enrichment training by means of pictures and by self-performed gestures also enhances the memorability of abstract words in L2. Further, we explore which of these two enrichment strategies is more effective. Twenty young adults learned 30 novel abstract words in L2 according to three encoding conditions: (1) reading, (2) reading and pairing the novel word to a picture, and (3) reading and enacting the word by means of a gesture. We measured memory performance in free and cued recall tests, as well as in a visual recognition task. Words encoded with gestures were better remembered in the free recall in the native language (L1). When recognizing the novel words, participants made less errors for words encoded with gestures compared to words encoded with pictures. The reaction times in the recognition task did not differ across conditions. The present findings support, even if only partially, the idea that enactment promotes learning of abstract words and that it is superior to enrichment by means of pictures even after short training.
PubMed: 29326617
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02136 -
BMC Pediatrics Dec 2015Although some research has examined the use of games for the education of pediatric patients, the use of technology for parental education seems like an appropriate... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Although some research has examined the use of games for the education of pediatric patients, the use of technology for parental education seems like an appropriate application as it has been a part of the popular culture for at least 30 years. The main objective of this systematic review is to examine the literature for research evaluating the use of interactive media in the education of parents of children with chronic conditions.
METHODS
We searched the MEDLINE, PSYCHINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane database of systematic reviews and EMBASE databases from 1986 to 2014 seeking original investigations on the use of interactive media and video games to educate parents of children with chronic conditions. Cohort studies, randomized control trials, and observational studies were included in our search of the literature. Two investigators reviewed abstracts and full texts as necessary. The quality of the studies was assessed using the GRADE guidelines. Overall trend in the results and the degree of certainty in the results were considered when assessing the body of literature pertaining to our focused questions.
RESULTS
Our initial search identified 4367 papers, but only 12 fulfilled the criterion established for final analysis, with the majority of the studies having flaws that reduced their quality. These papers reported mostly positive results supporting the idea that parent education is possible through interactive media.
CONCLUSION
We found limited evidence of the effectiveness of using serious games and or interactive media to educate parents of children with chronic conditions.
Topics: Child; Chronic Disease; Disease Management; Health Education; Humans; Mass Media; Parents
PubMed: 26634913
DOI: 10.1186/s12887-015-0517-2 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2020According to conceptual metaphor theory, individuals are thought to understand or express abstract concepts by using referents in the physical world-right and left for...
According to conceptual metaphor theory, individuals are thought to understand or express abstract concepts by using referents in the physical world-right and left for moral and immoral, for example. In this research, we used a modified Stroop paradigm to explore how abstract moral concepts are metaphorically translated onto physical referents in Chinese culture using the Chinese language. We presented Chinese characters related to moral and immoral abstract concepts in either non-distorted or distorted positions (Study 1) or rotated to the right or to the left (Study 2). When we asked participants to identify the Chinese characters, they more quickly and accurately identified morally positive characters if they were oriented upright or turned to the right and more quickly and accurately identified immoral characters when the characters were distorted or rotated left. These results support the idea that physical cues are used in metaphorically encoding social abstractions and moral norms and provided cross-cultural validation for conceptual metaphor theory, which would predict our results.
PubMed: 33391073
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.554061 -
Computational Intelligence and... 2022With the development of AI technology, human-computer interaction technology is no longer the traditional mouse and keyboard interaction. AI and VR have been widely used...
With the development of AI technology, human-computer interaction technology is no longer the traditional mouse and keyboard interaction. AI and VR have been widely used in early childhood education. In the process of the slow development and application of voice interaction, visual interaction, action interaction, and other technologies, multimodal interaction technology system has become a research hotspot. In this paper, dynamic image capture and recognition technology is integrated into early childhood physical education for intelligent interaction. According to the basic movement process and final node matching in children's sports training to judge children's physical behavior ability, attention is paid to identify the accuracy and safety of movement. The input images and questions are from the abstract clipart dataset of dynamic image recognition and the self-made 3D dataset of Web3D dynamic motion scene with the same style, which is similar to the action content in the actual preschool training teaching. Therefore, according to the idea of process capture and target recognition, on the basis of the original conditions of the recognition model, a new recognition model is developed through Zheng's target detector. The modified model is characterized by higher accuracy. Weapons need to combine process recognition and result recognition. The experimental results show that the improved model has the obvious advantages of high precision and fast speed, which provides a new research idea for the development of children's physical training simulation.
Topics: Attention; Child, Preschool; Computer Simulation; Humans; Movement; Neural Networks, Computer; Sports
PubMed: 35685165
DOI: 10.1155/2022/9727415 -
Neue Politische Literatur 2022McCoy's comparative study focuses on the different styles and reasonings by which the United States and Great Britain responded and continue to respond to epidemics.... (Review)
Review
McCoy's comparative study focuses on the different styles and reasonings by which the United States and Great Britain responded and continue to respond to epidemics. While disease control in Britain focused on the environment, comparatively later efforts in the United States concentrated on quarantine and control of the infected. Drawing on the concept of path dependence, McCoy argues for the continuing importance of the historical factors surrounding the emergence of the first disease control structures. In doing so, he considers the centralisation of the state, a coherent theory of disease, pressures of civil society, and the idea of the population as a social body to be crucial. However, his pleasantly lucid study inevitably omits some important research areas and questions.
PubMed: 35611051
DOI: 10.1007/s42520-022-00438-7