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Scientific Reports Sep 2022In order to realize accurate risk assessment and collaborative control of multi-hazard risk in non-coal underground mines, a space-oriented risk characterization and...
In order to realize accurate risk assessment and collaborative control of multi-hazard risk in non-coal underground mines, a space-oriented risk characterization and collaborative control model of multi-hazard risk in non-coal underground mines is proposed. Statistical analysis of non-coal underground mine accidents from 2000 to 2022, revealing the characteristics of non-coal underground mine accidents and 5 risk types were identified, including cage fall accident, powered haulage accident, fire accident, mine water inrush accident, and roof fall and rib spalling accident. A multi-hazard risk analysis and assessment framework for non-coal underground mines based on the inherent risk of the system, the vulnerability of the disaster-bearing body and the adaptability of the disaster-bearing area is proposed. The multi-hazard inherent risks in non-coal underground mines are comprehensively identified and evaluated in five aspects, including hazardous equipment and facilities, hazardous materials, hazardous processes, hazardous operations and hazardous places, and the characterization and unified measurement of multi-hazard risk is realized by combining the vulnerability index of disaster-bearing body and the adaptability index of disaster-bearing area. Regional multi-hazard risk aggregation is achieved through the Nemerow pollution index and space-oriented multi-hazard risk is obtained. Constructed a multi-hazard safety risk collaborative control system of source identification, classification and control, process control, continuous improvement, and full participation. Finally, the validity and rationality of the risk characterization model and the risk collaborative control system are verified. The research can both support the formulation of macro policies for non-coal underground mines and provide guidance for the specific spatial layout.
Topics: Accidents; Coal; Coal Mining; Hazardous Substances; Water
PubMed: 36180464
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20437-8 -
International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2019There has been a long history of coal mine accidents and these, usually, involve serious injuries, fatalities, and the destruction of facilities. In the seventies, an...
There has been a long history of coal mine accidents and these, usually, involve serious injuries, fatalities, and the destruction of facilities. In the seventies, an explosion killed 28 miners in a Spanish coal mine. This paper gives insight into the main factors of the accident by means of the causation mode, using two well-known alternatives: (1) the method from the Spanish Instituto Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (INSST), where the causes and circumstances of the accident are classified into immediate causes and basic causes, and (2) the Feyer and Williamson method, where the classification is done using precursor events and contributing factors. The analysis identifies the lessons to be learned from the disaster. Both methods have given very similar results, verifying the goodness of the analysis. Methane emissions due to a variation in the exploitation method, the electrical installation, and a lack of safety procedures and training were the main causes of the accident. These findings explain the real causes of this accident and can be very valuable for the prevention of future accidents.
Topics: Accidents, Occupational; Coal Mining; Humans; Spain
PubMed: 31561606
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193615 -
Public Health Mar 2017Helmet use is a major risk factor for road traffic injuries and fatalities. This study sought to determine the state of helmet use in Ha Nam and Ninh Binh provinces in... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
OBJECTIVES
Helmet use is a major risk factor for road traffic injuries and fatalities. This study sought to determine the state of helmet use in Ha Nam and Ninh Binh provinces in Vietnam, and ascertain knowledge, attitudes, and practices of helmet use over time.
STUDY DESIGN
Observational helmet use studies, and roadside knowledge, attitudes, and practice surveys.
METHODS
Data were collected through observational helmet use studies at multiple sites in Ha Nam and Ninh Binh provinces over 14 rounds between June 2011 and December 2014. Six rounds of knowledge, attitude, and practice surveys were administered at gas stations between December 2011 and July 2014. Trend analysis and negative binomial regressions were used to analyze trend data.
RESULTS
Between June 2011 and December 2014, 301,981 helmet-use observations were conducted in Ha Nam and Ninh Binh. Correct helmet use increased significantly (P < 0.01) in Ha Nam from 34.3% to 76.9% (P < 0.01), while use in Ninh Binh increased from 68.9% to 72.2% (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Helmet use has improved statistically significantly in Ha Nam but not in Ninh Binh. Ceiling effects may have limited the scope of improvements in Ninh Binh province.
Topics: Accident Prevention; Accidents, Traffic; Alcohol Drinking; Craniocerebral Trauma; Female; Head Protective Devices; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Motorcycles; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Sex Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vietnam
PubMed: 28288730
DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.01.010 -
PloS One 2023Both the number of dust explosion accidents and the resulting number of casualties have increased dramatically in recent years. To reduce this risk of dust explosions,...
Both the number of dust explosion accidents and the resulting number of casualties have increased dramatically in recent years. To reduce this risk of dust explosions, we use the functional resonance analysis method (FRAM) to analyze the cause of the dust explosion accident at the Kunshan factory and propose barrier measures to prevent such accidents. The functional units that changed in the production system during the accident and how these functional units coupled to eventually cause the dust explosion were examined and explained. In addition, barrier measures were developed for functional units that changed during production and emergency systems defined to block the propagation of changes between functions and prevent resonance. Through case study, the identification of key functional parameters in both triggering the initial explosion and in then allowing its spread are key to define barriers to prevent a recurrence of such an event. FRAM uses system function coupling instead of traditional linear causality to explain the accident process, and develops barrier measures for changing function units, providing a novel thinking strategy and method for the analysis of accidents and their prevention.
Topics: Humans; Explosions; Blast Injuries; Burns; Dust; Accidents, Occupational; Aluminum
PubMed: 37319180
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287328 -
International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2022In hazardous materials transportation systems, accident causation analysis is important to transportation safety. Complex network theory can be effectively used to...
In hazardous materials transportation systems, accident causation analysis is important to transportation safety. Complex network theory can be effectively used to understand the causal factors of and their relationships within accidents. In this paper, a higher-order network method is proposed to establish a hazardous materials transportation accident causation network (HMTACN), which considers the sequences and dependences of causal factors. The HMTACN is composed of 125 first- and 118 higher-order nodes that represent causes, and 545 directed edges that denote complex relationships among causes. By analyzing topological properties, the results show that the HMTACN has the characteristics of small-world networks and displays the properties of scale-free networks. Additionally, critical causal factors and key relationships of the HMTACN are discovered. Moreover, unsafe tank or valve states are important causal factors; and leakage, roll-over, collision, and fire are most likely to trigger chain reactions. Important higher-order nodes are discovered, which can represent key relationships in the HMTACN. For example, unsafe distance and improper operation usually lead to collision and roll-over. These results of higher-order nodes cannot be found by the traditional Markov network model. This study provides a practical way to extract and construct an accident causation network from numerous accident investigation reports. It also provides insights into safety management of hazardous materials transportation.
Topics: Hazardous Substances; Accidents; Transportation; Safety Management; Causality
PubMed: 36293920
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013337 -
Ciencia & Saude Coletiva Mar 2021Accidents are frequent in childhood because of the lower risk perception and greater vulnerability to disasters. This study aimed to analyze the knowledge and attitudes...
Accidents are frequent in childhood because of the lower risk perception and greater vulnerability to disasters. This study aimed to analyze the knowledge and attitudes of schoolchildren concerning the prevention of accidents and associated factors. This is a cross-sectional and quantitative study conducted in November and December/2017 in Simão Dias, Sergipe, Brazil. Ninety-seven schoolchildren aged between 7 and 9 years of age from a sample calculation were evaluated through interviews with representative images. The results showed that little more than half of the children consider the use of personal protective equipment as a way of preventing injuries in case of accidents (58.8%; n=57), and is infrequent among those with low education level (PR: 0.66; 95%CI: 0.16- 0.99). The knowledge or use of this equipment was 60.8% (n=59) for safety belt, 54.6% (n=53) for helmet, 47.4% (n=46) for knee pad and 40.2% (n=39) for elbow support. Regarding attitudes, 20.6% (n=20) answered that there is no problem putting their (unwashed) hand on the wound and 12.4% (n=12) crossing the street accompanied without an adult. It was concluded that the knowledge and attitudes of schoolchildren concerning the prevention of accidents are misguided.
Topics: Accident Prevention; Accidents; Adult; Brazil; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans
PubMed: 33729360
DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232021263.06562019 -
PloS One 2021The catastrophic environmental, life and monetary losses concomitant to the hazardous cargo accidents have remained a matter of critical concern for the maritime...
The catastrophic environmental, life and monetary losses concomitant to the hazardous cargo accidents have remained a matter of critical concern for the maritime transportation officials. The factors that instigate these accidents while dealing with hazardous cargo in a port environment requires rigorous analysis and evaluation, which still remains in its infancy. In accord to these prevailing issues, this study focusses on the assessment of multifactor risks associated with the dealing of hazardous cargos inside a port. The methodology adopted is the amalgamation of expert judgment and literature review for the identification of factors and developing their causal relationship, while Bayesian Network (BN) for the inference, which was based on 348 past accident reports from the year 1990 to 2018. The results indicate that under normal circumstances, the probability of an accident with considerable consequences is 59.8, where human and management were found to be the highest contributing factors. Setting evidence at the environment and pollution accident to occur, the incidence probability of the "management" is raised by 7.06%. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the most critical factors for the hazardous cargo accident. This study reveals that in order to evade the hazardous cargo accidents and curtail severity of the consequences, the port authorities, concerned government departments and other related institutions should pay specific attention to the qualification, training and attitude of the involved workforce. Moreover, the development and implementation of stringent safety protocols was also revealed to have critical prominence. This study holds practical vitality for enhancing safety and mitigating risks associated to hazardous cargo dealing in a port.
Topics: Accidents; Accidents, Traffic; Bayes Theorem; Hazardous Substances; Risk Assessment; Transportation
PubMed: 34086789
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252732 -
International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2022Based on accident data from the China Chemical Accident Information Network, detailed information was obtained from 2657 hazardous chemicals road transportation... (Review)
Review
Based on accident data from the China Chemical Accident Information Network, detailed information was obtained from 2657 hazardous chemicals road transportation accidents (HCRTAs) and 148 evacuations caused by these accidents that occurred in China from 2012 to 2020. The characteristics and the development trend of the present HCRTAs in China and the rate of emergency are obtained via statistical analysis. Based on the probability of evacuation scenarios via historical statistics, the social cost of labor loss value of participating emergency responders, and evacuees' placement and transfer cost as the consequences of evacuation events, an evacuation event grading model based on social risk assessment is constructed. Evaluating and classifying the risk of evacuation events caused by HCRTAs (148), the results demonstrated that the social risk caused by emergency scenarios F_61 (leakage due to overturning of hazardous chemical vehicles, which led to evacuation) and F_91 (leakage due to rear-end of hazardous chemical vehicles, which led to evacuation) was higher than other emergency scenarios. To reduce the dangers caused by HCRTAs, the framework for improving the emergency response capacity of communities is discussed and analyzed based on five aspects, which comprise land use planning, city construction, education promotion, information construction, and the layout of emergency resources.
Topics: Hazardous Substances; Accidents; Transportation; Chemical Hazard Release; China
PubMed: 36429900
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215182 -
Journal of Korean Medical Science May 2022This study aimed to investigate the psychosocial symptoms and experiences of bereaved parents of victims and parents of survivors of the Sewol Ferry accident five years...
Comparative Analysis of the Psychosocial Symptoms and Experiences of Bereaved Parents and Parents of Children Who Survived the Sewol Ferry Accident After 5 Years: A Qualitative Interview Study.
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to investigate the psychosocial symptoms and experiences of bereaved parents of victims and parents of survivors of the Sewol Ferry accident five years after the accident.
METHODS
In-depth interviews of 186 bereaved parents of victims or survivors of the Sewol Ferry accident were conducted. We elicited and categorized meaning units relevant to the psychological, cognitive, and physical traits of the participants from these interviews. Differences in responses between bereaved parents and survivors' parents and between genders were examined using frequency analyses and χ² tests.
RESULTS
Data were organized under seven headings: observed attitude and impression of participants, difficulties due to mental health problems, difficulties due to physical pain, difficulties in relationships, negative changes following the incident, positive changes following the incident, and help needed. Within these headings, 27 themes, 60 sub-themes, and 80 meaning units were elicited.
CONCLUSION
This study explored the psychiatric, physical, and relational problems reported by bereaved parents and those of survivors as well as major changes in their personal and social lives after the Sewol Ferry accident. Differences in responses according to gender were also identified. The results from this study could inform and facilitate the implementation of intervention measures, such as long-term psychological evaluation, to bereaved parents of victims or survivors of disasters.
Topics: Accidents; Child; Disasters; Female; Humans; Male; Parents; Qualitative Research; Survivors
PubMed: 35578587
DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e155 -
Applied Ergonomics Mar 2017Throughout Jens Rasmussen's career there has been a continued emphasis on the development of methods, techniques and tools for accident analysis and investigation. In... (Review)
Review
Throughout Jens Rasmussen's career there has been a continued emphasis on the development of methods, techniques and tools for accident analysis and investigation. In this paper we focus on the evolution and development of one specific example, namely Accimaps and their use for accident analysis. We describe the origins of Accimaps followed by a review of 27 studies which have applied and adapted Accimaps over the period 2000-2015 to a range of domains and types of accident. Aside from demonstrating the versatility and popularity of the method, part of the motivation for the review of the use of Accimaps is to address the question of what constitutes a sound, usable, valid and reliable approach to systemic accident analysis. The findings from the review demonstrate continuity with the work carried out by Rasmussen, as well as significant variation (e.g., changes to the Accimap, used of additional theoretical and practice-oriented perspectives on safety). We conclude the paper with some speculations regarding future extension and adaptation of the Accimap approach including the possibility of using hybrid models for accident analysis.
Topics: Accidents; Humans; Safety; Safety Management; Systems Analysis
PubMed: 27659766
DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2016.09.004