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Journal of UOEH 2019There have been no reviews describing the efficacy of the combination of both rehabilitation and nutritional treatments. This systematic review aimed to assess the... (Review)
Review
There have been no reviews describing the efficacy of the combination of both rehabilitation and nutritional treatments. This systematic review aimed to assess the effects of nutritional therapy on patients with an acute and critical illness undergoing rehabilitation. Online searches using PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE (ELSEVIER), and Ichu-shi Web databases identified 986 articles, and 16 additional articles were found through other sources. Each trial assessed for the risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool, and the quality of the body of evidence with The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Two randomized controlled trials were included in this review. Jones et al reported that with an enhanced rehabilitation program, there was no effect of nutritional intervention on quality of life (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.55, 95% confidence intervals [CI] -0.05 to 1.15; P = 0.12). However, Hegerova et al reported positive effects of physical therapy and oral supplements on muscle mass (0.65; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.93; P < 0.00001) and activities of daily living (SMD 0.28, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.56; P = 0.05). Strengthened nutritional intervention with enhanced rehabilitation treatment for patients with acute and critical illness may possibly be effective for increasing muscle mass, as well as for improving activities of daily living within a short period after discharge.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acute Disease; Critical Illness; Humans; Nutrition Therapy; Physical Therapy Modalities; Quality of Life
PubMed: 31548485
DOI: 10.7888/juoeh.41.303 -
Psychosomatics 2015Findings from physical disease resilience research may be used to develop approaches to reduce the burden of disease. However, there is no consensus on the definition... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Findings from physical disease resilience research may be used to develop approaches to reduce the burden of disease. However, there is no consensus on the definition and measurement of resilience in the context of physical disease.
OBJECTIVE
The aim was to summarize the range of definitions of physical disease resilience and the approaches taken to study it in studies examining physical disease and its relationship to resilient outcomes.
METHODS
Electronic databases were searched from inception to March 2013 for studies in which physical disease was assessed for its association with resilient outcomes. Article screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were carried out independently by 2 reviewers, with disagreements being resolved by a third reviewer. The results were combined using a narrative technique.
RESULTS
Of 2280 articles, 12 met the inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 1 was of high quality, 9 were of moderate quality, and 2 were low quality. The common findings were that resilience involves maintaining healthy levels of functioning following adversity and that it is a dynamic process not a personality trait. Studies either assessed resilience based on observed outcomes or via resilience measurement scales. They either considered physical disease as an adversity leading to resilience or as a variable modifying the relationship between adversity and resilience.
CONCLUSION
This work begins building consensus as to the approach to take when defining and measuring physical disease resilience. Resilience should be considered as a dynamic process that varies across the life-course and across different domains, therefore the choice of a resilience measure should reflect this.
Topics: Acute Disease; Chronic Disease; Humans; Resilience, Psychological
PubMed: 25620566
DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2014.10.005 -
The Journal of Physiology Mar 2020
Topics: Acinar Cells; Acute Disease; Calcium; Humans; Pancreatitis; TRPM Cation Channels
PubMed: 32053213
DOI: 10.1113/JP279553 -
The Journal of the American Osteopathic... Nov 2020
Topics: Acute Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Thyroiditis, Suppurative
PubMed: 32961559
DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2020.132 -
Clinical Gastroenterology and... Jul 2017
Topics: Acute Disease; Chronic Disease; Cohort Studies; Humans; Pancreatitis
PubMed: 28377072
DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2017.03.036 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2021
Topics: Acute Disease; Child; Humans; Leukemia
PubMed: 34434914
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.700739 -
Pulmonology 2021Thermo-humidified nasal high flow (NHF) oxygen therapy is increasingly used in the management of respiratory failure. This therapy has recently gained attention as an... (Review)
Review
Thermo-humidified nasal high flow (NHF) oxygen therapy is increasingly used in the management of respiratory failure. This therapy has recently gained attention as an alternative non-invasive respiratory support in several clinical scenarios, including acute and chronic settings. NHF enhances the patient's comfort and tolerance when compared with standard oxygen by supplying a heated and humidified mixture of air and oxygen at flows up to 60L/min. It can be delivered through different devices. Although few studies have compared the clinical effects of different NHF systems, the purpose of this paper is to describe the major benefits of NHF and to provide a quick guide on how to implement this therapy in daily practice. We have also included a brief description of the most frequently used NHF systems.
Topics: Acute Disease; Humans; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Respiratory Insufficiency
PubMed: 33589403
DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2021.01.005 -
JACC. Heart Failure Dec 2016
Topics: Acute Disease; Heart Failure; Humans; Obesity, Morbid; Prevalence; Prognosis
PubMed: 27908392
DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2016.10.008 -
British Journal of Pharmacology Jan 2018The recent clinical availability of the PARP inhibitor olaparib (Lynparza) opens the door for potential therapeutic repurposing for non-oncological indications.... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
The recent clinical availability of the PARP inhibitor olaparib (Lynparza) opens the door for potential therapeutic repurposing for non-oncological indications. Considering (a) the preclinical efficacy data with PARP inhibitors in non-oncological diseases and (b) the risk-benefit ratio of treating patients with a compound that inhibits an enzyme that has physiological roles in the regulation of DNA repair, we have selected indications, where (a) the severity of the disease is high, (b) the available therapeutic options are limited, and (c) the duration of PARP inhibitor administration could be short, to provide first-line options for therapeutic repurposing. These indications are as follows: acute ischaemic stroke; traumatic brain injury; septic shock; acute pancreatitis; and severe asthma and severe acute lung injury. In addition, chronic, devastating diseases, where alternative therapeutic options cannot halt disease development (e.g. Parkinson's disease, progressive multiple sclerosis or severe fibrotic diseases), should also be considered. We present a preclinical and clinical action plan for the repurposing of PARP inhibitors.
LINKED ARTICLES
This article is part of a themed section on Inventing New Therapies Without Reinventing the Wheel: The Power of Drug Repurposing. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.2/issuetoc.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Chronic Disease; Drug Repositioning; Humans; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors
PubMed: 28213892
DOI: 10.1111/bph.13748 -
Blood Purification 2017With the adoption of the new definition and classification of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) and its relevant subtypes, much attention has been placed on elucidating the...
With the adoption of the new definition and classification of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) and its relevant subtypes, much attention has been placed on elucidating the mechanisms of heart and kidney interactions. Of great interest are the pathophysiological pathways by which acute heart failure may result in acute kidney injury (AKI; type 1), chronic heart failure accelerating the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD; type 2), AKI provoking cardiac events (type 3), and CKD increasing the risk and severity of cardiovascular disease (type 4). A remarkable interest has also been placed on the acute and chronic systemic conditions, such as sepsis and diabetes, which simultaneously affect heart and kidney function (type 5). Furthermore, the physiology of acute and chronic heart-kidney cross talk is drawing attention to hemodynamics (fluids, pressures, flows, resistances, perfusion), physiochemical (electrolytes, pH, and toxins), and biological (inflammation, immune system activation, neurohormonal signals) processes. Common clinical scenarios call for recognition, knowledge, and skill in managing CRS. There is a clear need for medical and surgical specialists that are well versed in the pathophysiology and the clinical manifestations that arise in the setting of CRS. With this editorial, we are making a call to action to stimulate universities, medical schools, and teaching hospitals to create a core curriculum for cardiorenal medicine to better equip the physicians of the future for these common, serious, and frequently fatal syndromes.
Topics: Acute Disease; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Chronic Disease; Curriculum; Education, Medical; Humans
PubMed: 29065398
DOI: 10.1159/000480318