-
Lipids in Health and Disease Mar 2019Fetuin-A (FetA), which impairs insulin action is considered classically as a hepatokine. In patients with Metabolic Syndrome without the confounding of diabetes or...
Fetuin-A (FetA), which impairs insulin action is considered classically as a hepatokine. In patients with Metabolic Syndrome without the confounding of diabetes or cardiovascular diseases, we showed significant increases in both circulating and subcutaneous adipose tissue secreted Fet-A. Furthermore we showed in mice models increase mRNA and protein following a high fat diet and in a model of metabolic syndrome. This work was recently confirmed by another group of investigators. Hence we propose that Fet-A be considered also as an adipokine.
Topics: Adipocytes; Adipokines; Adiponectin; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Subcutaneous Fat; alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein
PubMed: 30917813
DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1021-8 -
BMC Pulmonary Medicine Jan 2024The role of adipokines in the development of lung diseases is significant, yet their specific relationship with different lung diseases remains unclear.
BACKGROUND
The role of adipokines in the development of lung diseases is significant, yet their specific relationship with different lung diseases remains unclear.
METHODS
In our research, we analyzed genetic variations associated with adipokines and various lung conditions such as interstitial lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer, sleep apnea, pneumonia, and tuberculosis, using data from public genome-wide studies. We employed Mendelian randomization techniques, including inverse variance weighting, weighted median, and MR-Egger regression methods, and conducted sensitivity checks to validate our findings.
RESULTS
A study using the FinnGen database, which included 198,955 participants, identified 13 SNPs associated with adiponectin. Notably, adiponectin was found to significantly reduce the risk of interstitial lung disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. However, little evidence was found to establish a direct cause-effect relationship between the six adipokines and several other lung conditions, including sarcoidosis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, tuberculosis, pneumonia, and sleep apnea syndrome.
CONCLUSION
This study reveals a reverse link between adiponectin levels and the likelihood of interstitial lung disease, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Topics: Humans; Adipokines; Adiponectin; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Lung Neoplasms; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Asthma; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Pneumonia; Tuberculosis
PubMed: 38263093
DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02863-8 -
Cancer Metastasis Reviews Mar 2022The objective of the study was to document the effect of adipocytokines on endometrial cancer progression. A search of the databases CINAHL, Medline, PubMed, Cochrane,... (Review)
Review
The objective of the study was to document the effect of adipocytokines on endometrial cancer progression. A search of the databases CINAHL, Medline, PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase and Google Scholar was performed for English language articles from January 2000 to December 2020 using the keywords: (Endometrial cancer) AND (progression OR metastasis) AND (adipocytokine OR adiponectin OR leptin OR visfatin OR IL-6 OR TNF-α OR adipokine OR cytokine). Forty-nine studies on adipocytokines have been included in this review. Adiponectin has been linked with anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects on endometrial cancer cells and is associated with a better prognosis. Leptin, visfatin and resistin are linked to the stimulation of endometrial cancer growth, proliferation, invasion and metastasis and are associated with worse prognosis or with a higher grade/stage of endometrial cancer. IL-6, Il-11, IL-31, IL-33, TNF-α, TGF-β1, SDF-1 and CXCR are involved in endometrial cancer cell growth and metastasis or involved in epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) or associated with advanced disease. Adipocytokines have been found to directly impact endometrial cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration. These molecules and their signalling pathways may be used to determine prognosis and course of the disease and may also be exploited as potential targets for cancer treatment and prevention of progression.
Topics: Adipokines; Adiponectin; Disease Progression; Endometrial Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Interleukin-6; Leptin; Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 34951691
DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-10002-6 -
Clinical Rheumatology Oct 2021Aims of study were to evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients and to evaluate...
INTRODUCTION
Aims of study were to evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients and to evaluate serum level of adipokines in SLE and SSc patients with and without MetS.
METHODS
Fifty SLE patients and 85 SSc patients were enrolled. The diagnosis of MetS was made according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III. Clinical assessment and serum levels of adiponectin and resistin were evaluate in SLE and SSc patients.
RESULTS
Prevalence of MetS was significantly (p<0.0001) higher in SLE patients than SSc patients (36% vs 10.6%). Median values of resistin were significantly (p<0.001) higher in SLE patients with MetS than SLE patients without MetS [4.01 ng/mL (2.7-4.5) vs 1.92 ng/mL (1.2-3)]. Median values of adiponectin were significantly (p<0.05) lower in SLE patients with MetS than SLE patients without MetS [5.64 ng/mL (4.96-8) vs 8.38 ng/mL (6.54-11.01)]. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Activity Index [8 (6-12) vs 10 (6-13), p<0.01] and Systemic Damage Index [2 (1-3) vs 2 (0-3), p<0.001] were significantly higher in MetS patients than in patients without MetS. In SSc, the median value of disease severity scale was significantly higher (p<0.05) in MetS patients than in patients without MetS [7 (5-7) vs 5 (3-6)].
CONCLUSION
Prevalence of MetS is higher in SLE patients. In SLE patients, MetS showed an association with adipokine levels and inflammation/activity disease scores. In SSc patients, MetS was associated with severity of disease. Key Points • Prevalence of metabolic syndrome is higher in SLE patients than SSc patients. • Resistin is higher in SLE patients with metabolic syndrome. • Adineponectin is lower in SLE patients with metabolic syndrome. • Disease severity scale is higher in SSc patients with metabolic syndrome.
Topics: Adipokines; Adult; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Metabolic Syndrome; Resistin; Scleroderma, Systemic
PubMed: 33839992
DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05731-6 -
Annual Review of Genetics Nov 2016Studies in mammals and Drosophila have demonstrated the existence and significance of secreted factors involved in communication between distal organs. In this review,... (Review)
Review
Studies in mammals and Drosophila have demonstrated the existence and significance of secreted factors involved in communication between distal organs. In this review, primarily focusing on Drosophila, we examine the known interorgan communication factors and their functions, physiological inducers, and integration in regulating physiology. Moreover, we describe how organ-sensing screens in Drosophila can systematically identify novel conserved interorgan communication factors. Finally, we discuss how interorgan communication enabled and evolved as a result of specialization of organs. Together, we anticipate that future studies will establish a model for metazoan interorgan communication network (ICN) and how it is deregulated in disease.
Topics: Adipokines; Animals; Biological Evolution; Drosophila; Drosophila Proteins; Fat Body; Mammals; Neuropeptides; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 27732790
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-121415-122024 -
PloS One 2022Obesity is linked to elevated levels of inflammatory serum markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa)....
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Obesity is linked to elevated levels of inflammatory serum markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa). Adiponectin and resistin are adipokines related to obesity. It has been described that adipose tissue presents a high production and secretion of these diverse pro-inflammatory molecules, which may have local effects on the physiology of fat cells as well as systemic effects on other organs. Our aim was to evaluate the impact that lifestyle modifications, by following a Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) program and physical activity (PA) training, would have on inflammatory biomarkers and adipokine profile in a Metabolically Healthy Obese (MHO) elderly population from Malaga (Andalusia, Spain).
SUBJETCS AND METHODS
Subjects aged ≥65 years (65 to 87 years old) with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) were included in this study if they met ≤1 of the following criteria: systolic blood pressure ≥130 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg; triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL; HDL-C <40mg/dL in men and <50mg/dL women; and fasting blood glucose ≥100mg/dL. Selected subjects underwent a personalized intensive lifestyle modification. Anthropometric measurements, PA, MedDiet adherence, analytical parameters, and inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed after 12 months of intervention.
RESULTS
166 MHO elderly subjects, 40 (24.1%) male and 126 (75.9%) female (p < 0.0001), aged 71.7±5.2 years old (65 to 87 years old) were included in the study. After 12 months of intervention, only the waist circumference was significantly reduced in all the population (-2.5 cm, p<0.0001), although weight and BMI were maintained. MedDiet adherence increased significantly (p<0.001), but all intensity levels of PA decreased significantly (p<0.001). Concerning inflammatory biomarkers, only TNFa serum increased their levels after the intervention (p<0.001). Regarding the adipokine profile, adiponectin concentrations experienced a significant increment (p<0.001); besides, resistin concentrations decreased significantly (p<0.001). In this sense, only TNFa, adiponectin, and resistin correlated with PA. Adiponectin also correlates with insulin, triglycerides and HDL-c in baseline conditions and after 12 months of intervention; CRP, IL-6, TNFa, adiponectin, and resistin concentrations correlated with anthropometric parameters and some intensities of PA. In addition, adiponectin levels correlates with insulin, triglycerides and HDL-c. In baseline conditions, resistin levels correlated positively with TNFa (p = 0.01) and CRP (p<0.0001) levels. TNFa and IL-6 correlated positively with CRP (p = 0.03 and p<0.0001, respectively). After 12 months of intervention, only IL-6 correlated positively with CRP (p = 0.006). In addition, adipokines levels correlated positively during the process of lifestyle modification. However, during this process, only IL-6 correlated positively with itself (p<0.0001) and with CRP (p = 0.03).
CONCLUSION
Healthy aging is a multifactorial biological process in which lifestyle is essential. The presence of obesity in elderly metabolically healthy population is not a problem necessarily. Elderly MHO population who eat a MedDiet and practice regularly PA are capable to modulate their production of inflammatory cytokines (CRP, IL-6, TNFa) and adipokines profile (adiponectin, resistin), preventing other metabolic disorders.
Topics: Adipokines; Adiponectin; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Female; Humans; Insulins; Interleukin-6; Male; Obesity; Obesity, Metabolically Benign; Resistin; Triglycerides; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 35679338
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265362 -
Effects of exercise training on cytokines and adipokines in multiple Sclerosis: A systematic review.Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Aug 2018Physical activity, particularly exercise training, is an evidence-based approach for managing symptoms, restoring function and improving overall wellness in people with... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Physical activity, particularly exercise training, is an evidence-based approach for managing symptoms, restoring function and improving overall wellness in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Several recent studies have argued for a potential disease modifying effect of exercise in people with MS, and among the potential mediating mechanisms are exercise training effects on both cytokines and adipokines. The objectives of this study were to perform a systematic review of exercise training effects on cytokine and adipokine profiles in persons with MS.
METHODS
We conducted open-dated searches of PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and PEDro using the terms 'Multiple sclerosis' or 'MS' AND 'exercise' OR 'training' OR 'physical activity' AND 'cytokine' OR 'inflammatory' OR 'immune' OR 'adipokine'. Included studies were written in English; comprised of humans with MS, and evaluated the effects of regular physical activity or exercise on pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory cytokines or adipokines. Two authors independently scanned titles and abstracts, and read the studies included. All studies were rated on the PEDro scale and further classified based on American Academy of Neurology criteria.
RESULTS
Twelve studies were included of which 10 studies focused on cytokines, 1 study focused on adipokines, and 1 study included both cytokines and adipokines. The selected studies included 3 Class I studies, 7 Class II studies, and 2 Class IV studies and had average PEDro scores of 6.9 ± 1.6. Studies included endurance (n = 5), resistance (n = 3), combined (n = 3), and vibration (n = 1) training. Overall, there is a general lack of standardization of procedures across studies and inconsistent evidence for the effects of physical activity and exercise on cytokine and adipokine profiles in MS, with a general pattern indicating a lack of effect.
CONCLUSION
Research regarding the effects of exercise training on cytokines and adipokines in MS is in its infancy, but exercise represents an adjuvant therapy in MS, and future studies are essential for clarifying the role of exercise on cytokines and adipokines in MS.
Topics: Adipokines; Cytokines; Exercise Therapy; Humans; Multiple Sclerosis
PubMed: 29982111
DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.06.008 -
Current Opinion in Genetics &... Jun 2023The white adipose tissue's primary roles are to store and mobilise energy, which is very different from the brown adipose tissue's function of using fuel to generate... (Review)
Review
The white adipose tissue's primary roles are to store and mobilise energy, which is very different from the brown adipose tissue's function of using fuel to generate heat and maintain the body temperature. The adipose tissues (ATs), co-ordinately with the other organs, sense energetic demands and inform of their reserves before embarking on energetically demanding physiological functions. It is not surprising that ATs exhibit highly integrated regulatory mechanisms mediated by a diversified secretome, including adipokines, lipokines, metabolites and a repertoire of extracellular miRNAs that contribute to integrating the function of the AT niche and connect the AT through paracrine and endocrine effects with the whole organism. Characterising the adipose secretome, its changes in health and disease, regulation by ageing and gender and their contribution to energy homoeostasis is necessary to optimise its use for personalised strategies to prevent or reverse metabolic diseases.
Topics: Humans; Adipose Tissue; Adipokines; Obesity; Metabolic Diseases; Adiposity
PubMed: 37099831
DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102046 -
International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2021Adiposity is associated with an increased risk of various types of carcinoma. One of the plausible mechanisms underlying the tumor-promoting role of obesity is an... (Review)
Review
Adiposity is associated with an increased risk of various types of carcinoma. One of the plausible mechanisms underlying the tumor-promoting role of obesity is an aberrant secretion of adipokines, a group of hormones secreted from adipose tissue, which have exhibited both oncogenic and tumor-suppressing properties in an adipokine type- and context-dependent manner. Increasing evidence has indicated that these adipose tissue-derived hormones differentially modulate cancer cell-specific metabolism. Some adipokines, such as leptin, resistin, and visfatin, which are overproduced in obesity and widely implicated in different stages of cancer, promote cellular glucose and lipid metabolism. Conversely, adiponectin, an adipokine possessing potent anti-tumor activities, is linked to a more favorable metabolic phenotype. Adipokines may also play a pivotal role under the reciprocal regulation of metabolic rewiring of cancer cells in tumor microenvironment. Given the fact that metabolic reprogramming is one of the major hallmarks of cancer, understanding the modulatory effects of adipokines on alterations in cancer cell metabolism would provide insight into the crosstalk between obesity, adipokines, and tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize recent insights into putative roles of adipokines as mediators of cellular metabolic rewiring in obesity-associated tumors, which plays a crucial role in determining the fate of tumor cells.
Topics: Adipokines; Adipose Tissue; Adiposity; Animals; Disease Progression; Glucose; Glycolysis; Humans; Inflammation; Leptin; Lipid Metabolism; Mice; Mitochondria; Neoplasms; Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; Obesity; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenotype; Reactive Oxygen Species; Resistin; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 33535537
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031444 -
International Journal of Obesity (2005) Feb 2023Obesity is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in COVID-19, potentially driven by chronic inflammatory state due to dysregulated secretion of adipokines and cytokines. We...
BACKGROUND
Obesity is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in COVID-19, potentially driven by chronic inflammatory state due to dysregulated secretion of adipokines and cytokines. We investigated the association between plasma adipokines and COVID-19 severity, systemic inflammation, clinical parameters, and outcome of COVID-19 patients.
METHODS
In this multi-centre prospective cross-sectional study, we collected blood samples and clinical data from COVID-19 patients. The severity of COVID-19 was classified as mild (no hospital admission), severe (ward admission), and critical (ICU admission). ICU non-COVID-19 patients were also included and plasma from healthy age, sex, and BMI-matched individuals obtained from Lifelines. Multi-analyte profiling of plasma adipokines (Leptin, Adiponectin, Resistin, Visfatin) and inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNFα, IL-10) were determined using Luminex multiplex assays.
RESULTS
Between March and December 2020, 260 SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals (age: 65 [56-74] BMI 27.0 [24.4-30.6]) were included: 30 mild, 159 severe, and 71 critical patients. Circulating leptin levels were reduced in critically ill patients with a high BMI yet this decrease was absent in patients that were administered dexamethasone. Visfatin levels were higher in critical COVID-19 patients compared to non-COVID-ICU, mild and severe patients (4.7 vs 3.4, 3.0, and 3.72 ng/mL respectively, p < 0.05). Lower Adiponectin levels, but higher Resistin levels were found in severe and critical patients, compared to those that did not require hospitalization (3.65, 2.7 vs 7.9 µg/mL, p < 0.001, and 18.2, 22.0 vs 11.0 ng/mL p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Circulating adipokine levels are associated with COVID-19 hospitalization, i.e., the need for oxygen support (general ward), or the need for mechanical ventilation and other organ support in the ICU, but not mortality.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Adipokines; Leptin; Resistin; Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; Adiponectin; COVID-19; Cross-Sectional Studies; Prospective Studies; SARS-CoV-2; Inflammation
PubMed: 36509969
DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01246-5