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The Clinical Respiratory Journal Mar 2023Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can lead to multisystem and multiorgan damage, which has attracted widespread attention from scholars. The pathogenesis of OSA is complex,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can lead to multisystem and multiorgan damage, which has attracted widespread attention from scholars. The pathogenesis of OSA is complex, and obesity plays an important role. Adipokine is secreted by adipose tissue, and its abnormal expression may be closely related to OSA. The relationship between omentin (a novel adipokine) and OSA is controversial. This study focuses on the important role of omentin in OSA and explores whether it can be regarded as a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of OSA.
METHOD
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane library, WANFANG, VIP, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure were systematically searched for retrieving eligible studies until May 2022. Documents were screened according to strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, and data were extracted using Excel spreadsheets. The quality of the literature was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RevMan 5.3 and Stata 12.0 software were used in this meta-analysis for data synthesis.
RESULT
A total of eight eligible studies with 23 databases involving 914 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Combined data indicated that omentin levels in OSA patients were lower than that in controls (standardized mean difference = -1.54, 95% confidence interval = -2.07 to -1.00, p < 0.001). According to the subgroup analysis results of different races, sample source, gender, and the severity of the disease, compared with that in the control group, the level of omentin in OSA patients was significantly lower. When conducting sensitivity analysis, the results of the study were less stable. Meta-analysis indicated that there was no publication bias in this study. The omentin levels were significantly lower in OSA patients. The findings suggest that omentin may be a potential marker for the diagnosis and treatment of OSA. However, the heterogeneity of this study is high, and more high-quality large-sample studies will be needed in the future.
Topics: Humans; Obesity; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Adipokines; Databases, Factual
PubMed: 36719004
DOI: 10.1111/crj.13589 -
Aging Oct 2021
Topics: Adipokines; Aging; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Polarity; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans
PubMed: 34669587
DOI: 10.18632/aging.203621 -
Circulation Journal : Official Journal... Jun 2017Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the greatest cause of death, accounting for nearly one-third of all deaths worldwide. The increase in obesity rates over 3 decades is... (Review)
Review
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the greatest cause of death, accounting for nearly one-third of all deaths worldwide. The increase in obesity rates over 3 decades is widespread and threatens the public health in both developed and developing countries. Obesity, the excessive accumulation of visceral fat, causes the clustering of metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, culminating in the development of CVD. Adipose tissue is not only an energy storage organ, but an active endocrine tissue producing various biologically active proteins known as adipokines. Since leptin, a central regulator of food intake and energy expenditure, was demonstrated to be an adipose-specific adipokine, attention has focused on the identification and characterization of unknown adipokines to clarify the mechanisms underlying obesity-related disorders. Numerous adipokines have been identified in the past 2 decades; most adipokines are upregulated in the obese state. Adipokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and resistin are pro-inflammatory, and exacerbate various metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. However, a small number of adipokines, including adiponectin, are decreased by obesity, and generally exhibit antiinflammatory properties and protective functions against obesity-related diseases. Collectively, an imbalance in the production of pro- and antiinflammatory adipokines in the obese condition results in multiple complications. In this review, we focus on the pathophysiologic roles of adipokines with cardiovascular protective properties.
Topics: Adipokines; Adipose Tissue; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dyslipidemias; Humans; Hypertension
PubMed: 28603178
DOI: 10.1253/circj.CJ-17-0458 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2023Psoriasis is a chronic and immune-mediated skin condition characterized by pro-inflammatory cytokines and keratinocyte hyperproliferation. Dendritic cells, T... (Review)
Review
Psoriasis is a chronic and immune-mediated skin condition characterized by pro-inflammatory cytokines and keratinocyte hyperproliferation. Dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and keratinocytes represent the main cell subtypes involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, while the interleukin-23 (IL-23)/IL-17 pathway enhances the disease progression. Human adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, which secretes multiple proteins, known as adipokines, such as adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, or resistin. Current evidence highlights the immunomodulatory roles of adipokines, which may contribute to the progression or suppression of psoriasis. A better understanding of the complexity of psoriasis pathophysiology linked with adipokines could result in developing novel diagnostic or therapeutic strategies. This review aims to present the pathogenesis of psoriasis and the roles of adipokines in this process.
Topics: Humans; Adipokines; Leptin; Psoriasis; Resistin; Adiponectin; Adipose Tissue
PubMed: 37047363
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076390 -
Journal of Clinical Hypertension... Oct 2014Resistant hypertension (RH) is a multifactorial disease, frequently associated with obesity and characterized by blood pressure above goal (140/90 mm Hg) despite the... (Review)
Review
Resistant hypertension (RH) is a multifactorial disease, frequently associated with obesity and characterized by blood pressure above goal (140/90 mm Hg) despite the concurrent use of ≥3 antihypertensive drugs of different classes. The mechanisms of obesity-related hypertension include, among others, aldosterone excess and inflammatory adipokines, which have demonstrated a significant role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and RH. This review aims to summarize recent studies on the role of the adipokines leptin, resistin, and adiponectin in the pathophysiology of RH and target-organ damage associated with this condition. The deregulation of adipokine levels has been associated with clinical characteristics frequently recognized in RH such as diabetes, hyperactivity of sympathetic and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems, and vascular and renal damage. Strategies to regulate adipokines may be promising for the management of RH and some clinical implications must be considered when managing controlled and uncontrolled patients with RH.
Topics: Adipokines; Adiponectin; Antihypertensive Agents; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Hypertension; Leptin; Obesity; Resistin
PubMed: 25186286
DOI: 10.1111/jch.12399 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022Hormone-dependent cancers are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in both genders. Accumulating evidence suggest that adiponectin, an adipokine with multifaceted... (Review)
Review
Hormone-dependent cancers are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in both genders. Accumulating evidence suggest that adiponectin, an adipokine with multifaceted functions, is implicated in the pathogenesis of several malignancies. In the present review, we discuss the existing data regarding this relationship. Several observational studies showed that low adiponectin levels are associated with higher risk for breast, cervical, endometrial, ovarian and prostate cancer. A relationship between adiponectin and the aggressiveness of some of these tumors has also been reported. studies reported that adiponectin inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of breast, cervical, endometrial, ovarian and prostate cancer cells. Given the high prevalence of these cancers and the substantial associated morbidity and mortality, the role of agents that increase adiponectin levels and/or stimulate its activity should be evaluated for the prevention and management of these common tumors.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Adiponectin; Receptors, Adiponectin; Ovarian Neoplasms; Prostatic Neoplasms; Adipokines
PubMed: 36277714
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1018515 -
Pancreatology : Official Journal of the... Apr 2020Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a secreted molecule, expressed in various cell types, that is involved in the progression of numerous diseases and disorders. The biological... (Review)
Review
Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a secreted molecule, expressed in various cell types, that is involved in the progression of numerous diseases and disorders. The biological functions and expression levels of LCN2 in diseases including pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis (acute and chronic), and diabetes mellitus, suggest the potential role of LCN2 as a biomarker and/or therapeutic target. However, findings on the role of LCN2 in pancreatic diseases have been contradictory. In pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis, LCN2 has been identified as a potential biomarker; increased expression levels in various biological specimens correlate with the presence of the disease and may be able to differentiate cancer and chronic pancreatitis from healthy subjects. LCN2 is also known to be an adipokine; it is upregulated in obesity and is a common co-factor in the development of pancreatic diseases. Emerging research suggests LCN2 is elevated in type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the exact role of LCN2 in this disease is not clear. In this review, we summarize research on LCN2 as it relates to pancreatic diseases, highlighting the discrepancies in the literature. By explaining and clarifying the role of LCN2 in these disorders, we aim to promote research in developing novel diagnostic and treatment strategies to reduce the burden of pancreatic diseases.
Topics: Adipokines; Biomarkers; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Lipocalin-2; Pancreatic Diseases
PubMed: 31932215
DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2020.01.002 -
Problemy Endokrinologii Dec 2021Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ which produces a large number of secretory bioactive substances also known as adipocytokines affecting directly insulin resistance... (Review)
Review
Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ which produces a large number of secretory bioactive substances also known as adipocytokines affecting directly insulin resistance (IR), glucose and lipid metabolism, angiogenesis and inflammation. The studies show a close connection between the imbalance of adipocytokines formed as a result of excessive deposit of adipose tissue in the course of the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. In the present review, we summarize current data on the effect of the adipocytokines on the liver, skeletal muscles, adipose tissue, endothelial cells and inflammatory processes, as well as attempt to define the term «adipocytokines» and classify adipocytokines according to their influence on metabolic processes and pro-inflammatory status. Some of adipocytokines (adiponectin, omentin, leptin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6) are divided into two groups: adipocytokines reducing IR, and adipocytokines increasing IR.
Topics: Adipokines; Adiponectin; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Endothelial Cells; Humans; Insulin Resistance
PubMed: 35262298
DOI: 10.14341/probl12805 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023Organismal energy balance is controlled by inter-tissue communication mediated by the nervous system and hormones, the disruption of which causes metabolic syndrome... (Review)
Review
Organismal energy balance is controlled by inter-tissue communication mediated by the nervous system and hormones, the disruption of which causes metabolic syndrome exemplified by diabetes and obesity. Fat-storing adipose tissue, especially those located in subcutaneous white adipose tissue, secretes leptin in a proportion of fat mass, inhibiting the accumulation of organismal fat by suppressing appetite and promoting energy expenditure. With a prevalence of obesity that exhibits hyperleptinemia, most of the investigation on leptin has been focused on how it works and how it does not, which is expected to be a clue for treating obesity. In contrast, how it is synthesized, transported, and excreted, all of which are relevant to the homeostasis of blood leptin concentration, are not much understood. Of note, acute leptin reduction after hyperleptinemia in the context of obesity exhibited a beneficial effect on obesity and insulin sensitivity, indicating that manipulation of circulating leptin level may provide a therapeutic strategy. Technological advances such as "omics" analysis combined with sophisticated gene-engineered mice studies in the past decade enabled a deeper understanding of leptin's action in more detail. Here, we summarize the updated understanding of the action as well as regulation of leptin and point out the emerging direction of research on leptin.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Leptin; Adipokines; Adipose Tissue; Obesity; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 37547309
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1172060 -
International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2022Adipokines are a growing group of peptide or protein hormones that play important roles in whole body metabolism and metabolic diseases. Sleep is an integral component... (Review)
Review
Adipokines are a growing group of peptide or protein hormones that play important roles in whole body metabolism and metabolic diseases. Sleep is an integral component of energy metabolism, and sleep disturbance has been implicated in a wide range of metabolic disorders. Accumulating evidence suggests that adipokines may play a role in mediating the close association between sleep disorders and systemic metabolic derangements. In this review, we briefly summarize a group of selected adipokines and their identified function in metabolism. Moreover, we provide a balanced overview of these adipokines and their roles in sleep physiology and sleep disorders from recent human and animal studies. These studies collectively demonstrate that the functions of adipokine in sleep physiology and disorders could be largely twofold: (1) adipokines have multifaceted roles in sleep physiology and sleep disorders, and (2) sleep disturbance can in turn affect adipokine functions that likely contribute to systemic metabolic derangements.
Topics: Adipokines; Animals; Humans; Metabolic Diseases; Sleep; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Sleep Wake Disorders
PubMed: 35163627
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031706