-
International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2022The World Health Organization (WHO) recently published guidelines on the implementation of a new Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) framework in 2017-2019. It is... (Review)
Review
The World Health Organization (WHO) recently published guidelines on the implementation of a new Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) framework in 2017-2019. It is an integrated care framework for the screening, assessment, and management of intrinsic capacity (IC) declines. We aimed to examine where the early adopters of ICOPE are across the world, how these study teams and sites plan to apply the framework or have applied it, and the lessons learnt for future adopters. We systematically searched electronic medical and social sciences databases and grey literature published between 31 October 2017 and 31 March 2022. Records were systematically selected using precise inclusion criteria. There were 18 ICOPE study teams and sites across the 29 selected records. Of the 18 study teams and sites, seven were in the development stage, seven conducted feasibility studies, and four have commenced implementation of interventions that applied the ICOPE framework. Future ICOPE adopters may need to make certain decisions. These include whether to adopt ICOPE in the community setting or other settings, whether to adopt only Step 1 on IC screening or additional ICOPE Steps, whether the ICOPE IC screening tool requires modifications, and whether to use digital health technology. We propose the key factors needed to make these decisions and future research needed.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Learning; Delivery of Health Care, Integrated; World Health Organization
PubMed: 36612480
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010154 -
Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Jan 2022Transracial/transcultural adoption is defined as a child of one race or ethnic group placed with parent(s) of a different race or ethnic group. An estimated 2 million...
Transracial/transcultural adoption is defined as a child of one race or ethnic group placed with parent(s) of a different race or ethnic group. An estimated 2 million children in the United States were identified as adopted in the 2010 census, and approximately one-fourth of these were transracial adoptions. Both a history of adoption and a strong ethnic or racial identity are specifically associated with health-related risk and protective factors for psychosocial, academic, and health behavior outcomes. A patient with a history of transracial adoption presents unique and important considerations for culturally responsive nursing care. This article begins with nursing practice considerations for transracially adoptive patients and provides an overview of epidemiology; relevant trauma informed nursing care;. laws and racial identity formation, and a mental model of health disparities to guide future directions. We synthesize information relevant to nursing care of individuals who are transracially adopted and racial/ethnic identity formation, including socialization and a merging model to conceptualize identities. The article also discusses principles of trauma informed care and health disparities and future improvements in the context of this population.
Topics: Child; Humans; Adoption; Censuses; Ethnicity; Nursing Care; Parents; Cultural Competency
PubMed: 36721853
DOI: No ID Found -
World Journal of Psychiatry Sep 2018It was once impossible anywhere in the world for single adults to adopt children, and this is still the case in many jurisdictions. Elsewhere, however, single adults are... (Review)
Review
It was once impossible anywhere in the world for single adults to adopt children, and this is still the case in many jurisdictions. Elsewhere, however, single adults are now being actively recruited primarily because they are more willing than are married couples to adopt older or disabled children or to adopt across racial or other barriers. This is true for single men as well as for single women, but single men seeking to adopt continue to be widely viewed with skepticism and are reportedly often judged to be inappropriate parents. This paper reviews the sparse fostering and adoption literature on single heterosexual males and addresses the evident ambivalence with which parenting by single men is held among both child and adult mental health professionals. The paper also discusses the parenting styles of mothers and fathers, the ways that the central nervous system in both sexes has been found to respond to parenthood, the similarity of outcomes between single male and single female parenting, and the availability in North America of support and training for foster and adoptive single parents. The paper concludes that, in general, single men have as much to offer an adopted child as do single women and that seeming discrimination against them by childcare agencies requires investigation.
PubMed: 30254978
DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v8.i3.83 -
Child Abuse & Neglect Aug 2022Although a very heterogeneous group, adopted persons may present developmental and mental health problems of varying severity. Pre-placement adversity and trauma have...
BACKGROUND
Although a very heterogeneous group, adopted persons may present developmental and mental health problems of varying severity. Pre-placement adversity and trauma have often been linked to these problems. It has been also suggested that adoption itself is a psychological trauma, predisposing the individual to emotional difficulties.
OBJECTIVES
This article examines the links between early adversity, trauma, and adoption. We begin by defining trauma and then describe the way in which pre-placement adversity can undermine neurobehavioral and interpersonal functioning, increasing the risk for long-term psychological difficulties. Next, we examine children's recovery when placed in a stable adoptive home. Finally, we explore adoption as a lived experience, highlighting contextual and developmental factors that facilitate the person's positive or negative attributions about being adopted, leading to varying patterns of emotional adjustment.
CONCLUSIONS
Although pre-placement adversity increases adopted individuals' risk for maladjustment, the human brain and behavior are malleable, and placement in a nurturing adoptive home often facilitates recovery from early adversity, with significant heterogeneity in the extent of recovery within and across domains of functioning. While there is no evidence that early adoption is a trauma for the individual, ongoing negative life circumstances, attachment difficulties, and developmentally-mediated attributions about adoption can undermine the person's self-esteem, identity, relationships, and sense of well-being. Conclusions and suggestions for future research are offered.
Topics: Adoption; Child; Emotional Adjustment; Humans; Longitudinal Studies
PubMed: 34544593
DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105309 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Nov 2021A compelling piece of science in this month's issue is the work of Wood et al., which addresses a long-standing question about adoption in infancy-could the process of...
A compelling piece of science in this month's issue is the work of Wood et al., which addresses a long-standing question about adoption in infancy-could the process of adoption affect the later characteristics of adopted children? This question arises from studies showing that children adopted at birth have higher rates of behavioral problems on average later in life. Potential confounds of such studies are that adopted children may enter the adoption with pre-existing vulnerabilities related to the reason for adoption, which in turn could lead to behavioral differences. Scientists trying to minimize this confound previously have capitalized on the benefits of animal model approaches-randomization, controlled genetic background, controlled environmental factors, faster development, opportunities for close observation-showing that adoption at birth can affect rodent offspring long term. However, a nonhuman primate study comes closer to addressing this question specifically for our human, primate vulnerability.
Topics: Adoption; Animals; Macaca; Problem Behavior
PubMed: 34116168
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2021.06.002 -
Heliyon Jan 2022The population aging and an increased life expectancy are widely recognized social changes. Technologies are believed to improve the elderly's daily lives and maintain... (Review)
Review
The population aging and an increased life expectancy are widely recognized social changes. Technologies are believed to improve the elderly's daily lives and maintain their health efficiently. Despite the advantage of adopting technologies, the elderly are slower to adopt new technologies compared to younger adults. This paper presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to identify the different antecedents prevailing in the literature on elderly technology adoption. The SLR classifies and analyzes 26 relevant articles on elderly's technology adoption. Our findings revealed that quantitative approach and cross-sectional studies predominate in this field, building fundamentally upon the technology-driven theories. We identify seven categories of antecedents influencing elderly's use of technology, namely, technology, psychological, social, personal, cost, behavior, and environment antecedents. A conceptual framework for elderly's technology adoption and recommendations were presented. Particular attention is given to the need for in depth study for the antecedents, development of new measurement scales and investigation on the effectiveness of the proposed benefits after technology adoption.
PubMed: 35128090
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08765 -
American Family Physician Apr 2015Unintended pregnancy refers to unwanted, unplanned, or mistimed pregnancies. One-half of all pregnancies in the United States are unintended, and family physicians are... (Review)
Review
Unintended pregnancy refers to unwanted, unplanned, or mistimed pregnancies. One-half of all pregnancies in the United States are unintended, and family physicians are often asked to provide counseling, support, and resources for women with unintended pregnancies. Options include carrying the infant to term and raising the child, carrying the infant to term and choosing adoption, or having an induced abortion. Family physicians should be equipped to direct women who choose to raise the infant to appropriate care and resources. Most U.S. women do not choose adoption, but there are multiple resources for women interested in this option. Physicians should not broker adoptions, match potential parents with mothers, or adopt children of their own patients. Induced abortion is performed in the first or second trimester of pregnancy. Medical management is comparable with surgical management, and both methods are safe and effective. Combination regimens with mifepristone and misoprostol are the most effective medical methods. Dilation and curettage and vacuum aspiration are the most common surgical methods.
Topics: Abortion, Induced; Adoption; Child Rearing; Consumer Health Information; Counseling; Decision Making; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Physician's Role; Physician-Patient Relations; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Unplanned; Pregnancy, Unwanted; Refusal to Treat; Risk Factors; Social Support; United States
PubMed: 25884862
DOI: No ID Found -
Pediatric Clinics of North America Aug 2017Refugee children and international adoptees have special medical considerations that must be addressed. Providers must be aware of the immigration history, where, and... (Review)
Review
Refugee children and international adoptees have special medical considerations that must be addressed. Providers must be aware of the immigration history, where, and under what circumstances the child lived and migrated to the United States. Federal guidelines exist regarding which infections should be screened for, and how and when and which vaccines should be administered.
Topics: Adoption; Child; Emigration and Immigration; Humans; Mass Screening; Refugees; United States; Vaccination
PubMed: 28734520
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2017.03.011 -
Journal of Postgraduate Medicine 2023Single parent adoption (SPA) is a relatively new construct worldwide and in India. The Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India, has laid down... (Review)
Review
Single parent adoption (SPA) is a relatively new construct worldwide and in India. The Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India, has laid down criteria for adoption in general and SPA in particular, in conjunction with the Juvenile Justice Act (Care and Protection of Children), 2015. There is scant literature on this topic of SPA, more so in India, that looks into the various psychological nuances of SPA from a mental health professional's (MHP) perspective. This review paper aims to assess SPA from the perspective of a MHP that will focus on its various legal nuances as well as the psychological connotations attached to it. For this, a search strategy was employed that included a thorough literature search from two databases (PubMed and Google Scholar) with relevant keywords related to the topic. The various legal issues pertaining to SPA in the current scenario, the psychological issues and challenges faced by single parents, the behavioral outcomes of adoptees who are adopted by single parents, and ways to deal with the various obstacles of SPA are discussed.
Topics: Child; Humans; Female; Mental Health; Single Parent; Adoption; India
PubMed: 37357486
DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_718_22 -
PloS One 2023This study investigates the adoption and impact of improved teff varieties (ITVs) on food security in North Eastern Amhara Region, Ethiopia. The result of binary probit...
This study investigates the adoption and impact of improved teff varieties (ITVs) on food security in North Eastern Amhara Region, Ethiopia. The result of binary probit model shows that the adoption decision of improved teff varieties is determined by total family size measured in adult equivalent, off-farm income, number of traders known by farmers, variety information from development agents and research center affects positively and distance of farmer's residence from kebele office of agriculture negatively Endogenous switching regression (ESR)model was employed to evaluate the impacts of adoption of improved teff varieties on food security. The output from ESR asserted that had the adopter households decided not to adopt, their average daily calorie intake and annual food consumption expenditure per adult equivalent would have decreased by 417.908 kilocalorie and 1096.509 Ethiopian Birr(37.8.41 dollars) respectively. Thus, policies and development endeavors targeting to realize food security should facilitate the adoption of ITVs.
Topics: Humans; Agriculture; Eragrostis; Ethiopia; Food Security
PubMed: 37729329
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291434