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Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology Mar 2019The measurements were established on 60 MFs of 30 patients (16 males, 14 females) with a mean age of 30.70 ± 9,23 years. The vertical and the horizontal diameters,...
METHODS:
The measurements were established on 60 MFs of 30 patients (16 males, 14 females) with a mean age of 30.70 ± 9,23 years. The vertical and the horizontal diameters, distance to the alveolar crest of the MF was measured by both CBCT and USG. Results obtained with CBCT and USG were statistically compared. And also the blood flow of the MF determined by Doppler USG.
RESULTS:
All of the MFs could be detected by CBCT and USG. The vertical and the horizontal diameter measurements were compatible with each other by CBCT and USG. However, the distance to the alveolar crest was lower in USG than CBCT (p < 0.0001). The blood flow could be detected in all patients by Doppler USG that was weak in 8 MFs and strong in 52 MFs. Also there was no statistically significant association between the blood flow and age or gender. Furthermore, the blood flow was related with the horizontal diameter of the MF; however, it was not related with the vertical diameter and the distance to the alveolar crest.
CONCLUSIONS:
USG is quite effective in showing the shape, size, and the location of the MF easily and rapidly. However, it is not as accurate as CBCT in measuring the distance from the MF to alveolar crest. And also it allows to examine the flow rate of mental artery with its Doppler modes.
Topics: Adult; Alveolar Process; Bicuspid; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Female; Humans; Male; Mandible; Ultrasonography; Young Adult
PubMed: 30426757
DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20180252 -
Medicine Jun 2018The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of 2 piezosurgical split techniques performed in conjunction with the sinus lift.The... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Observational Study
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of 2 piezosurgical split techniques performed in conjunction with the sinus lift.The present retrospective study included 20 patients with edentulism of the posterior maxilla who had undergone the sinus lift and alveolar ridge split treatment separately or the sinus lift combined with the monoblock alveolar ridge split. Differences between these 2 techniques were analyzed.All the surrounding areas successfully produced an adequate bone volume for the insertion of implants. A clinical evaluation showed a mean vertical augmentation of 3.6 ± 0.4 mm in Group A and 3.2 ± 0.7 mm in Group B. With regards to the lateral augmentation, the clinical evaluation gives a mean gain of 5.2 ± 0.3 mm in Group A and 4.9 ± 0.5 mm in Group B. The mean vertical and horizontal bone augmentation recorded for both types of surgical procedures were comparable.The proposed surgical procedures enabled the tridimensional volume of the alveolar ridge to be recreated. This resulted in the creation of a natural contour of hard and soft tissues which enabled a functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of the edentulous posterior maxilla to be obtained.
Topics: Alveolar Process; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Female; Humans; Jaw, Edentulous; Male; Maxillary Sinus; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 29901597
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000011029 -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Jun 2022When teeth are lost, dental implants contribute to improved oral function and quality of life. Limitations in dental implant placement arising from poor bone anatomy may...
The long-term impact of alveolar ridge preservation with xenograft bone mineral on peri-implant health after 5 years in function: A retrospective cohort study of 108 patients assessed clinically and radiologically.
OBJECTIVES
When teeth are lost, dental implants contribute to improved oral function and quality of life. Limitations in dental implant placement arising from poor bone anatomy may be circumvented via alveolar ridge preservation (ARP). The aim is to evaluate the long-term impact of ARP on peri-implant health and the relationship with common risk indicators such as smoking and history of periodontitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
One hundred and eight patients were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study with 308 implants. Of these, ∼41% were placed in bone sites that had previously received ARP with deproteinized bovine bone mineral xenograft. Association between baseline variables: ARP, age, gender, number of implants per patient, anatomical site, smoking, and previous history of grade III/IV periodontitis, and outcome variables: mucositis, peri-implantitis, implant loss, full-mouth plaque score (FMPS), full-mouth bleeding score, and marginal bone loss (MBL) was evaluated using both univariate and multivariate models.
RESULTS
After 5 years, the overall survival rate was 93.7%. The occurrence of peri-implantitis was 21.3% and the extent of MBL was ~2.2 mm. Both peri-implantitis occurrence and MBL were comparable between ARP and ARP . Smoking is associated with higher FMPS and MBL.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings indicate that peri-implant health can be maintained around dental implants for up to 5 years in ARP sites using Bio-Oss®. Smoking is a major risk indicator for peri-implantitis, whereas the association between history of periodontitis and the risk of peri-implantitis, based on this specific, well-maintained cohort and the specific implants used, remains inconclusive.
Topics: Alveolar Bone Loss; Alveolar Process; Animals; Cattle; Cohort Studies; Dental Implants; Heterografts; Humans; Minerals; Peri-Implantitis; Periodontitis; Quality of Life; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35510846
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.583 -
Journal of Clinical Periodontology Apr 2022To determine the effect of (1) implant placement timing and (2) the type of soft tissue graft in terms of ridge profile changes.
AIM
To determine the effect of (1) implant placement timing and (2) the type of soft tissue graft in terms of ridge profile changes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Four implant treatment modalities were applied in the mesial root areas of the third and fourth mandibular premolars of 10 mongrel dogs alongside connective-tissue graft (CTG) and volume-stable cross-linked collagen matrix (VCMX): immediate, early, and delayed placement (DP), and DP following alveolar ridge preservation (ARP). All dogs were sacrificed 3 months after soft tissue augmentation. Standard Tessellation Language files from designated time points were analysed.
RESULTS
Compared with the pre-extraction situation, the median width of the ridge demontstrated a linear increase only in group ARP/CTG (0.07 mm at the 2-mm level), whereas all other groups showed a reduction (between -1.87 and -0.09 mm, p > .05). Groups ARP/CTG (0.17 mm) and DP/CTG (0.05 mm) exhibited a profilometric tissue gain in a set region of interest (p > .05). The net effect of CTG and VCMX ranged from 0.14 to 0.79 mm.
CONCLUSIONS
Dimensional ridge changes varied between treatment protocols. ARP with CTG led to the smallest difference in ridge profile between the pre-extraction and the study end time point. Both CTG and VCMX enhanced the ridge contour.
Topics: Alveolar Process; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Animals; Collagen; Connective Tissue; Dogs; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Root; Tooth Socket
PubMed: 35066942
DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13594 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2022Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a metabolic disease characterized by impaired bone mineralization and early exfoliation of primary teeth. This study was performed to develop a...
Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a metabolic disease characterized by impaired bone mineralization and early exfoliation of primary teeth. This study was performed to develop a method for quantitatively evaluating alveolar bone hypomineralization using orthopantomographic images. Alveolar bone density was defined according to the pixel values and corrected by brightness shown by an indicator applied to the orthopantomographic device. Images of 200 healthy subjects (aged 2-15 years) were classified into five age groups. The corrected pixel values were significantly lower in the younger group than in those aged 14-15 years (2-4, 5-7, and 8-10 years versus 14-15 years: P < 0.0001, 11-13 years versus 14-15 years: P < 0.01). Orthopantomographic images of 17 patients with HPP were evaluated. The corrected pixel values of three-fourths of the patients with odonto type HPP were lower than the mean values of the healthy group. One-third of patients treated with enzyme replacement therapy showed higher corrected pixel values than the healthy group. Our results suggest that odonto type HPP without skeletal problems is occasionally accompanied by hypomineralization of alveolar bone and that alveolar bone hypomineralization in patients with severe HPP is possibly improved by enzyme replacement therapy.
Topics: Adolescent; Alkaline Phosphatase; Alveolar Process; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Enzyme Replacement Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypophosphatasia; Infant; Male; Radiography, Panoramic; Tooth Demineralization
PubMed: 35075203
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05171-5 -
BMC Oral Health Nov 2022Changes in alveolar bone dimension after tooth extraction may affect placement of the subsequent implant, resulting in ridge deficiency that can adversely impact... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Changes in alveolar bone dimension after tooth extraction may affect placement of the subsequent implant, resulting in ridge deficiency that can adversely impact long-term implant stability or aesthetics. Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) was effective in reducing the amount of ridge resorption following tooth extraction. There is sparse evidence regarding the benefit of ARP at periodontally compromised molar extraction sockets. This study will be a randomized trial to assess the soft tissue contour, radiographical, and histological changes of ARP at molar extraction sites in order to compare severe periodontitis cases with natural healing results and determine the most beneficial and least traumatic clinical treatment for such patients.
METHODS
This research is designed as a two-group parallel randomized controlled trial. The total number of tooth extraction sites will be 70 after calculation with power analysis. Teeth will be randomly assigned to two groups with the test group conducting ridge preservation and the control group healing naturally. Periodontal examination, cone beam-computed tomography (CBCT) data, and stereolithographic (STL) files obtained by intraoral scanning will be collected through the follow-up period, and bone biopsy samples would be obtained during implant surgery. The primary outcomes are the vertical and horizontal change of alveolar ridge measured on CBCT images, soft tissue contour changes evaluated by superimposing the digital impressions, alterations of mucosa thickness (as measured by superimposing the CBCT data and STL files), histological features of implant sites and periodontal parameter changes. The secondary outcomes are patient-reported post-operative reaction and conditions of simultaneous bone graft or sinus lifting procedures during implantation.
DISCUSSION
This study will provide information about hard and soft tissue dimension changes and histomorphology evaluation following ARP and natural healing in periodontally compromised molar sites, which may contribute to complement the missing information of ARP at periodontally compromised molar extraction sockets.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR) ChiCTR2200056335. Registered on February 4, 2022, Version 1.0.
Topics: Humans; Alveolar Bone Loss; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Molar; Periodontitis; Tooth Socket; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 36397049
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02544-0 -
Dental Clinics of North America Oct 2015The mainstay of periodontal assessment is clinical probing. Radiographic assessment provides quantitative information on the status of tooth-supporting bone. This... (Review)
Review
The mainstay of periodontal assessment is clinical probing. Radiographic assessment provides quantitative information on the status of tooth-supporting bone. This article reviews methods to assess periodontal structures, including basic radiograph acquisition, assessment of alveolar crest levels, and typical patterns of bone loss. Computer technology to objectively assess loss of alveolar crest from radiographs is reviewed. Developments in computer-assisted quantitation of alveolar crest height are described. Although probing measurements continue to be viewed as more practical than radiographic measurements, radiographic assessment can be made quantitative and is likely easier and more precise than probing for routine assessment of periodontal disease activity.
Topics: Alveolar Process; Humans; Periodontal Diseases; Radiography, Dental
PubMed: 26427571
DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2015.06.009 -
Medical Science Monitor : International... Aug 2018BACKGROUND Short dental implants are considered an alternative method of treatment to the maxillary sinus elevation and bone augmentation procedure at the sites of a... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND Short dental implants are considered an alternative method of treatment to the maxillary sinus elevation and bone augmentation procedure at the sites of a reduced alveolar ridge height. The aim of the study was to determine the most effective therapeutic approach for a single tooth replacement in a reduced maxillary alveolar crest. MATERIAL AND METHODS We enrolled 30 partially edentulous patients having a residual crestal height of 6 mm and a minimal width of the alveolar ridge of 6-7 mm: 15 patients received regular dental implants (OsseoSpeed™ L11 Ø4 mm and L13 Ø4 mm) and the implantation was preceded by the sinus lift procedure from a lateral window approach with the application of a xenogeneic bone graft, whereas the remaining 15 patients received short implants (OsseoSpeed™ L6 mm Ø4 mm) without the sinus lift and augmentation procedure. All implants were loaded with single non-splinted crowns. Radiological examination (CBCT, RVG) was performed before the surgery and after 36 months. Primary and secondary stabilization with Osstell ISQ® and Periotest® were assessed. RESULTS Good results in primary and secondary stability were achieved in both systems. The marginal bone level (MBL) loss was low (0.22±0.46 mm and 0.34±0.24 mm, for short and conventional implants, respectively). No significant difference in MBL between groups was found. CONCLUSIONS Short implants can be successfully used to support single crowns in the lateral part of the maxilla.
Topics: Adult; Alveolar Bone Loss; Alveolar Process; Bone Transplantation; Dental Implants; Dental Prosthesis Design; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Maxilla; Maxillary Sinus; Middle Aged; Osseointegration; Sinus Floor Augmentation
PubMed: 30104560
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.910404 -
BMC Oral Health Nov 2023Different techniques and materials such as bone grafts and bioactive agents have been used for alveolar ridge augmentation in extraction sockets with a defective wall,...
BACKGROUND
Different techniques and materials such as bone grafts and bioactive agents have been used for alveolar ridge augmentation in extraction sockets with a defective wall, there is not a specific material or technique that has resulted in superior outcomes or prevented total bone loss.
OBJECTIVES
This clinical study aims to evaluate radiographically the effectiveness of using bovine xenograft with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane on vertical and horizontal alveolar ridge dimensional changes following tooth extraction that are complicated by buccal bone loss.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was conducted in Egypt on fourteen patients with a single posterior tooth indicated for extraction. A preoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan confirmed more than 50% loss in buccal bone in each tooth. Extraction sockets were packed with minced PRF clots mixed with a bovine xenograft. Each extraction socket was sealed by PRF membranes. CBCT scans, performed before tooth extraction and after 6 months, were used to assess alveolar ridge changes both vertically and horizontally.
RESULTS
There was a significant gain in the buccal and middle of the extraction socket bone height, recording 86.01% (6.33 mm) and 206.45% (9.6 mm), respectively. There was an insignificant bone loss in the lingual bone height and width, recording - 8.49% (-1.06 mm) and - 13.39% (1.05 mm), respectively. The results also showed a non-significant decrease in alveolar bone density (-14.06%) between pre-operative bone present apical to the extraction socket and newly formed bone inside the socket.
CONCLUSIONS
Ridge preservation/augmentation techniques using a bone graft mixed with PRF and covered by PRF membranes in fresh extraction sockets complicated by the loss of buccal bone result in buccal bone augmentation and a reduction in horizontal and vertical ridge collapse after tooth extraction.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The bovine xenograft in conjunction with PRF can be used immediately after extraction for ridge preservation, providing adequate bone width and height for implant placement.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Cattle; Tooth Socket; Alveolar Bone Loss; Platelet-Rich Fibrin; Heterografts; Tooth Extraction; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation
PubMed: 37978487
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03554-2 -
The Angle Orthodontist Jan 2018To investigate the effect of flapless osteoperforation on the tissue response of the atrophic alveolar ridge affected by orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of flapless osteoperforation on the tissue response of the atrophic alveolar ridge affected by orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An atrophic alveolar ridge model was established in the mandibular quadrants of eight beagle dogs. As a split-mouth design, the quadrants were randomly divided into group C (OTM only) and group OP (OTM with flapless osteoperforation). The rate of OTM for 10 weeks was compared between groups, and micro-CT-based histomorphometric analysis and RNA-sequencing-based gene-enrichment analysis were performed targeting the atrophic ridge.
RESULTS
Group OP displayed more rapid tooth movement with lower bone mineral density and higher trabecular fraction in the atrophic ridge than did group C, showing no intergroup difference of total ridge volume. As contributing biological functional pathways in group OP, the genes related to osteoclast differentiation and TNF signaling pathway were up-regulated and those associated with Wnt signaling pathway and AMPK signaling pathway were down-regulated.
CONCLUSIONS
Flapless osteoperforation facilitated the rate of OTM toward the atrophic ridge, maintaining low bone density, whereas it did not increase the volume of the atrophic ridge.
Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Alveolar Bone Loss; Alveolar Process; Animals; Atrophy; Bone Density; Bone Remodeling; Cell Differentiation; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Mandible; Osteoclasts; Signal Transduction; Tooth Movement Techniques; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Wnt Signaling Pathway; X-Ray Microtomography
PubMed: 29016190
DOI: 10.2319/061217-388.1