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Pain Physician Nov 2017Abuse-deterrent formulations (ADFs) represent one novel strategy for curbing the potential of opioid abuse. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Abuse-deterrent formulations (ADFs) represent one novel strategy for curbing the potential of opioid abuse.
OBJECTIVE
We aim to compare and contrast the characteristics and applications of current abuse-deterrent opioid products in clinical practice.
METHODS
Literature searches were conducted in databases (Pubmed Medline, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Google Scholar) and official reports. Relevant data were screened and organized into: 1) epidemiology of opioid abuse, 2) mitigation strategies for reducing opioid abuse, 3) development of ADFs, and 4) clinical experience with these formulations.
RESULTS
Increasing trends of opioid abuse and misuse have been reported globally. There are 5 types of abuse-deterrent opioid products: physical chemical barrier, combined agonist/antagonist, sequestered aversive agent, prodrug, and novel delivery system. The advantages and disadvantages of the 5 options are discussed in this review. A total of 9 products with abuse-deterrent labels have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The rates of abuse, diversion, and overdose deaths of these new products are also discussed. A framework for collecting in-time data on the efficacy, benefit and risk ratio, and cost-effectiveness of these new products is suggested to facilitate their optimal use.
LIMITATIONS
The present review did not utilize systematic review standards or meta-analytic techniques, given the large heterogeneity of data and outcomes reviewed.
CONCLUSIONS
ADFs provide an option for inhibiting the abuse or misuse of oral opioid products by hindering extraction of the active ingredient, preventing alternative routes of administration, or causing aversion. Their relatively high costs, uncertain insurance policies, and limited data on pharmacoeconomics warrant collaborative monitoring and assessment by government agencies, pharmaceutical manufacturers, and data analysis services to define their therapeutic role in the future.
KEY WORDS
Opioid abuse, abuse-deterrent formulations, ADF, post-marketing, FDA guidance, cost impact, abuse liking, physician attitude, generic abuse-deterrent formulation, clinical application.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Drug Compounding; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Prescription Drug Misuse
PubMed: 29149148
DOI: No ID Found -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023Green Chemistry is a vital and crucial instrument in achieving pollution control, and it plays an important role in helping society reach the Sustainable Development...
Green Chemistry is a vital and crucial instrument in achieving pollution control, and it plays an important role in helping society reach the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). NIR (near-infrared spectroscopy) has been utilized as an alternate technique for molecular identification, making the process faster and less expensive. Near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms were utilized in this study to construct identification and classification models of bacteria such as , , and . Furthermore, divide these bacteria into Gram-negative and Gram-positive groups. The green and quick approach was created by combining NIR spectroscopy with a diffuse reflectance accessory. Using infrared spectral data and ML techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), It was feasible to accomplish the identification and classification of four bacteria and classify these bacteria into two groups: Gram-positive and Gram-negative, with 100% accuracy. We may conclude that our study has a high potential for bacterial identification and classification, as well as being consistent with global policies of sustainable development and green analytical chemistry.
Topics: Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; Algorithms; Bacteria; Chemistry, Analytic; Escherichia coli; Machine Learning
PubMed: 37687792
DOI: 10.3390/s23177336 -
The Journal of Chemical Physics Oct 2022This work is devoted to deriving and implementing analytic second- and third-order energy derivatives with respect to the nuclear coordinates and external electric field...
Analytic high-order energy derivatives for metal nanoparticle-mediated infrared and Raman scattering spectra within the framework of quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics model with induced charges and dipoles.
This work is devoted to deriving and implementing analytic second- and third-order energy derivatives with respect to the nuclear coordinates and external electric field within the framework of the hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics method with induced charges and dipoles (QM/DIM). Using these analytic energy derivatives, one can efficiently compute the harmonic vibrational frequencies, infrared (IR) and Raman scattering (RS) spectra of the molecule in the proximity of noble metal clusters/nanoparticles. The validity and accuracy of these analytic implementations are demonstrated by the comparison of results obtained by the finite-difference method and the analytic approaches and by the full QM and QM/DIM calculations. The complexes formed by pyridine and two sizes of gold clusters (Au and Au) at varying intersystem distances of 3, 4, and 5 Å are used as the test systems, and Raman spectra of 4,4'-bipyridine in the proximity of Au and Ag metal nanoparticles (MNP) are calculated by the QM/DIM method and compared with experimental results as well. We find that the QM/DIM model can well reproduce the IR spectra obtained from full QM calculations for all the configurations, while although it properly enhances some of the vibrational modes, it artificially overestimates RS spectral intensities of several modes for the systems with very short intersystem distance. We show that this could be improved, however, by incorporating the hyperpolarizability of the gold metal cluster in the evaluation of RS intensities. Additionally, we address the potential impact of charge migration between the adsorbate and MNPs.
PubMed: 36319412
DOI: 10.1063/5.0118205 -
Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) Jan 2016In the field of food and nutrition, complex natural products (NPs) are typically obtained from cells/tissues of diverse organisms such as plants, mushrooms, and animals.... (Review)
Review
In the field of food and nutrition, complex natural products (NPs) are typically obtained from cells/tissues of diverse organisms such as plants, mushrooms, and animals. Among them, edible fruits, grains, and vegetables represent most of the human diet. Because of an important dietary dependence, the comprehensive metabolomic analysis of dietary NPs, performed holistically via the assessment of as many metabolites as possible, constitutes a fundamental building block for understanding the human diet. Both mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are important complementary analytic techniques, covering a wide range of metabolites at different concentrations. Particularly, 1-dimensional 1H-NMR offers an unbiased overview of all metabolites present in a sample without prior knowledge of its composition, thereby leading to an untargeted analysis. In the past decade, NMR-based metabolomics in plant and food analyses has evolved considerably. The scope of the present review, covering literature of the past 5 y, is to address the relevance of 1H-NMR–based metabolomics in food plant studies, including a comparison with MS-based techniques. Major applications of NMR-based metabolomics for the quality control of dietary NPs and assessment of their nutritional values are presented.
Topics: Animals; Biological Products; Diet; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Plants, Edible
PubMed: 27180381
DOI: 10.3945/an.115.009928 -
International Journal of Pharmaceutics Jul 2022Malignant melanoma is an aggressive and deadly form of skin cancer and novel and improved therapeutic options are needed. A promising strategy involves the use of...
Malignant melanoma is an aggressive and deadly form of skin cancer and novel and improved therapeutic options are needed. A promising strategy involves the use of metallodrugs combined with liposomes for targeted delivery to cancer cells. In this work, a family of iron(III) complexes was synthesized bearing a trianionic aminobisphenolate ligand (L) and phenanthroline-type co-ligands (NN). Four ternary iron complexes of general formula [Fe(L)(NN)] were obtained: [Fe(L)(amphen)] (1), [Fe(L)(phen)] (2), [Fe(L)(Clphen)] (3), and [Fe(L)(Mephen)] (4), as well as a fifth complex [Fe(L)(NEt)(HO)] (5) without the bidentate co-ligand. All complexes were characterized by analytic and spectroscopic techniques and demonstrated to be stable in aqueous environment. Complexes 1 and 2 were able to bind DNA and presented high cytotoxic activity towards human cancer cells. Complex 1 (IronC) was selected for incorporation into different liposomal formulations, which were fully characterized and screened against murine melanoma cells. The IronC liposomal formulation with the highest incorporation efficiency (∼95%) and a low IC value (7.1 ± 0.7 μM) was selected for in vivo evaluation. In a syngeneic murine melanoma model the liposomal formulation of IronC yielded the highest impairment on tumour progression when compared with the control, temozolomide, and with the iron complex in free form.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Coordination Complexes; Humans; Iron; Ligands; Liposomes; Melanoma; Mice; Phenanthrolines
PubMed: 35718249
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121925 -
The Journal of Nutrition Aug 2018The Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) is sponsored by the Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) and the National Library of Medicine (NLM). It provides a...
The Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) is sponsored by the Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) and the National Library of Medicine (NLM). It provides a searchable, free database of the contents of ∼65,000 supplement labels. A companion database of analytically verified product labels [the Dietary Supplement Ingredient Database (DSID)] was created by ODS, NLM, and the USDA. There are considerable challenges to populating both databases, but the DSID faces unique analytic chemistry challenges. This article describes the challenges to creating analytically verified marketplace surveys of dietary supplement (DS) product content claims for inclusion in public databases. Nutritionists and public health scientists require information on actual exposures to DS constituents because labeled content may not match labeled product content. Analytic verification of composition of DSs provides a link to actual exposure. A public database of analytically derived DS content was developed to provide more accurate estimates of dietary intake in population-based epidemiologic studies. The DSID has conducted surveys of several types of vitamin- and mineral-containing DSs. Results showing label content claims as analytically derived values are available in the current DSID. A recent pilot project explored the feasibility of adding botanical DS products to the DSID. Candidates for future botanical DSID studies will be based on sales volume, potential public health impacts, and the availability of validated analytic methods and reference materials. Databases like DSID and the DSLD are essential for researchers and clinicians to evaluate dietary ingredient intakes in population-based epidemiologic studies. Together, these databases provide a picture of the DS marketplace. The DSID provides an analytic survey of marketed DSs. However, selection of future botanical supplements for DSID evaluation involves analytic challenges. Even when appropriate resources are available, method selection and data evaluation are resource- and time-consuming.
Topics: Databases, Factual; Dietary Supplements; Food Labeling; Humans; Laboratories; Minerals; National Institutes of Health (U.S.); National Library of Medicine (U.S.); Public Health; Reference Standards; Tea; United States; United States Department of Agriculture; Vitamins
PubMed: 31505676
DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy134 -
Molecular Imaging and Biology Apr 2021Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) enables the visualization of molecular distributions on complex surfaces. It has been extensively used in the field of biomedical... (Review)
Review
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) enables the visualization of molecular distributions on complex surfaces. It has been extensively used in the field of biomedical research to investigate healthy and diseased tissues. Most of the MSI studies are conducted in a 2D fashion where only a single slice of the full sample volume is investigated. However, biological processes occur within a tissue volume and would ideally be investigated as a whole to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the spatial and molecular complexity of biological samples such as tissues and cells. Mass spectrometry imaging has therefore been expanded to the 3D realm whereby molecular distributions within a 3D sample can be visualized. The benefit of investigating volumetric data has led to a quick rise in the application of single-sample 3D-MSI investigations. Several experimental and data analysis aspects need to be considered to perform successful 3D-MSI studies. In this review, we discuss these aspects as well as ongoing developments that enable 3D-MSI to be routinely applied to multi-sample studies.
Topics: Analytic Sample Preparation Methods; Animals; Biomedical Research; Data Analysis; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Molecular Imaging; Proteomics; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 33025328
DOI: 10.1007/s11307-020-01541-5 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2023Nanomaterials feature exceptional, one-of-a-kind qualities that might be used in electronics, medicine, and other industries. Two-dimensional nanomaterials called...
Nanomaterials feature exceptional, one-of-a-kind qualities that might be used in electronics, medicine, and other industries. Two-dimensional nanomaterials called borophene have a variety of intriguing characteristics, which helped them to leave an indelible impression in the fields of chemistry, material science, nanotechnology, and condensed matter physics. The concept of modelling the structure of a molecule or chemical network to a chemical graph and then quantitatively analysing them with the aid of topological descriptors was a major advance in the fields of mathematics and chemistry, with a wide range of applications. M-polynomial approach is a very versatile and quick method for computing the degree-based descriptors of chemical graphs or networks. The degree-based descriptors of the [Formula: see text]-Borophene nanosheet are established in this study utilising the M-polynomial technique. A program code that enables to generate the M-polynomial of any chemical structure was developed in Java platform and the same is displayed. At the conclusion, the numerical and graphical comparison based on the identified analytic expressions is also provided. Additionally, the QSPR analysis was also carried out and the outcoms are presented therein.
PubMed: 37491369
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37637-5 -
Cancers Dec 2022Hyperthermia is clinically applied cancer treatment in conjunction with radio- and/or chemotherapy, in which the tumor volume is exposed to supraphysiological... (Review)
Review
Hyperthermia is clinically applied cancer treatment in conjunction with radio- and/or chemotherapy, in which the tumor volume is exposed to supraphysiological temperatures. Since cells can effectively counteract the effects of hyperthermia by protective measures that are commonly known as the heat stress response, the identification of cellular processes that are essential for surviving hyperthermia could lead to novel treatment strategies that improve its therapeutic effects. Here, we apply a meta-analytic approach to 18 datasets that capture hyperthermia-induced transcriptome alterations in nine different human cancer cell lines. We find, in line with previous reports, that hyperthermia affects multiple processes, including protein folding, cell cycle, mitosis, and cell death, and additionally uncover expression changes of genes involved in KRAS signaling, inflammatory responses, TNF-a signaling and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Interestingly, however, we also find a considerable inter-study variability, and an apparent absence of a 'universal' heat stress response signature, which is likely caused by the differences in experimental conditions. Our results suggest that gene expression alterations after heat stress are driven, to a large extent, by the experimental context, and call for a more extensive, controlled study that examines the effects of key experimental parameters on global gene expression patterns.
PubMed: 36612111
DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010113 -
Biological Chemistry Oct 2021High amounts of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) such as hyaluronan (HA) occur in connective tissues. There is nowadays increasing evidence that a "sulfation code" exists which... (Review)
Review
High amounts of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) such as hyaluronan (HA) occur in connective tissues. There is nowadays increasing evidence that a "sulfation code" exists which mediates numerous GAG functions. High molecular weight and inhomogeneity of GAG, however, aggravated detailed studies. Thus, synthetic oligosaccharides were urgently required. We will review here chemoenzymatic and analytic strategies to provide defined sulfated and anomerically modified GAG oligosaccharides of the HA type. Representative studies of protein/GAG interactions by (bio)chemical and biophysical methods are reported yielding novel insights into GAG-protein binding. Finally, the biological conclusions and applications of defined sulfated GAG oligosaccharides will be discussed.
Topics: Glycosaminoglycans; Hyaluronic Acid; Molecular Structure; Oligosaccharides
PubMed: 34291624
DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0165